ruhta

ruhta

ruhta (2), see rohta

ruhta-

terrify

ruhta- (1) vb. "terrify" (WJ:415)

ruhta-

verb. to terrify

rohta

debt, trespass

#rohta noun "debt, trespass" (attested in the pl.: rohtar, and with a pronominal suffix: rohtammar "our trespasses") (VT43:19) Variant #ruhta. #Rohtalië, #ruhtalië *"trespass-people" = those who trespass (attested in the ablative: rohtaliello, ruhtaliello "from [our] debtors" (VT43:21)

rohtalië

noun. *debtors, trespassers, (lit.) debt/trespass people, *debtors, (lit.) debt people, trespassers, (lit.) trespass people

Just as Tolkien experimented with various words for “debt, trespass” (e.g. luhta or rohta), he also experimented with various words for “debtor, trespasser” in drafts of the Átaremma prayer from the 1950s. In the earliest drafts Tolkien had lucando or lucindo (VT43/8-10), but in the third version he had (plural) rocindi (VT43/11), which in the fourth version was revised to (plural) rucindi >> ruhtalie >> rohtalië (VT43/11-12). In the final two versions Tolkien reformulated the phrase, saying “those who trespass against us” rather than “trespassers” (VT43/12).

The forms rocindi/rucindi appear only in the plural, but their singular is probably rocinde/rucinde. The form rohtalie is clearly rohta “✱debt, trespass” + lië “people”.

Neo-Quenya: Since I retain rohta “✱debt” for purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would retain rocinde “✱debtor” as well. However, Helge Fauskanger mostly used ✱rohtando for “debtor” in his NQNT (NQNT). In some places Fauskanger used rohtalie as an alternate plural formation for “debtors”, and I would as well.

lucassë

debt, trespass

#lucassë noun "debt, trespass" (VT43:19, attested in the pl. with a pronominal suffix: lucassemmar "our trespasses")

lucië

debt, trespass

#lucië noun "debt, trespass" (VT43:19, attested in the pl. with a pronominal suffix: luciemmar "our trespasses")

luhta

debt, trespass

[#luhta (3) noun "debt, trespass" (VT43:19, attested in the pl. form luhtar, but deleted by Tolkien)]

úcarë

debt, trespass

#úcarë noun "debt, trespass" (úcaremmar "our debts, our trespasses", VT43:19). The related words #úcar- "to sin" and #úcarindo "sinner" would suggest that #úcarë can also be translated "sin". One may question whether the simplex form is #úcarë or just #úcar (+ -e- as a mere connecting vowel before the pronominal ending in úcaremmar), but compare lacarë, hrúcarë.

ruh

root. *still

gruitha-

verb. to terrify

gruitha

terrify

gruitha (i **ruitha, in gruithar**) (WJ:415)

eno

adverb. *still

gruitha-

verb. to terrify

gruitha

terrify

(i ’ruitha, in gruithar) (WJ:415)