ruc-

verb. pluck

rauca

demon

rauca ("k")noun "demon" (PE17:48). Variant of rauco, q.v.

rauca

noun. demon

Element in

• ᴺQ. raucëa “demonic”

arauco

noun. demon

raug

demon

n. demon. Q. rauca. >> Balrog

balrog

demon

n. (mighty) demon. A word made in ancient S. for the spirits (of 'māyan' origin) corrupted to his service by Melkor in the days outside Arda, before the coming of the Elves and the assault uopon Utumno. Q. pl1. Valaraucar. In a draft, Tolkien presented the Balrogs as of "Valar or Maian origin" (PE17:48). >> raug

raug

demon

raug (-rog in compounds, as in Balrog), pl. roeg (idh roeg), coll. pl. #rogath (isolated from Balrogath, MR:79). Also used = ”powerful, hostile, and terrible creature”.

raug

demon

(-rog in compounds, as in Balrog), pl. roeg (idh roeg), coll. pl. #rogath (isolated from Balrogath, MR:79). Also used = ”powerful, hostile, and terrible creature”.

balrog

fire-demon

(i valrog), pl. balroeg (i malroeg). Coll. pl. balrogath is attested. Archaic form ✱balraug. (MR:79, WJ:415). The etymological meaning is rather ”power-demon”.

ruk

root. terrible shapes and the fear they inspire, terrible shapes and the fear they inspire, [ᴹ√] demon

The root ᴹ√RUK “demon” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s with derivatives ᴹQ. rauko and N. rhaug of the same meaning, serving as the basis for N. Balrog (Ety/RUK). In the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, similar “demon” words were derived from primitive ᴱ✶ʒǝroukē instead (QL/32). As for √RUK, in the Quendi and Eldar essay of 1959-60 it was glossed “terrible shapes and the fear they inspire”, serving as the basis for both Q. rauko/S. raug “demon” and S. orch “Orc” < ✱urkō or ✱urkā (WJ/389-90, 415); the latter was instead derived from unglossed ᴹ√OROK in The Etymologies of the 1930s along with various other words for “goblin” in multiple Elvish languages (Ety/ÓROK). Primitive (o)rok reappeared in notes probably from the late 1950s denoting “anything that caused fear and/or horror” (MR/413); this might be a transition towards later √RUK “terrible shapes and the fear they inspire”.

Derivatives

• ✶grauk- “a powerful hostile and terrible creature” ✧ WJ/389
  • Q. rauco “demon, powerful hostile and terrible creature” ✧ WJ/415
  • S. raug “demon, powerful hostile and terrible creature” ✧ WJ/415
• ✶raukō “demon” ✧ WJ/389
• ✶urkā “horrible” ✧ WJ/389
  • S. orch “Orc, Orc, [N.] goblin” ✧ WJ/390
  • Q. orco “Orc” ✧ PE17/047; WJ/390
• ✶urku/urkō “orc” ✧ WJ/389
  • Ad. uruk “orc, goblin” ✧ WJ/390
  • Bs. uruk “Orc” ✧ WJ/390
  • Kh. rukhs “Orc” ✧ WJ/390
  • Q. urco “bogey, orc” ✧ WJ/390
  • S. orch “Orc, Orc, [N.] goblin” ✧ WJ/390
  • Q. orco “Orc” ✧ PE17/047; WJ/390
  • S. urug “bogey” ✧ WJ/390
• Q. rauco “demon, powerful hostile and terrible creature” ✧ PE17/048; VT39/10
• Q. ruc- “to feel fear or horror; *to flee (to)” ✧ WJ/389
• Q. rúcima “terrible” ✧ WJ/389
• Q. ruhta- “to terrify” ✧ WJ/389
• S. groga- “to feel terror” ✧ WJ/389
• S. gruitha- “to terrify” ✧ WJ/389
• S. raug “demon, powerful hostile and terrible creature” ✧ PE17/048

Element in

• ✶(ñ)guruk “horror” ✧ WJ/415

Variations

• RUKU ✧ WJ/389
• Ruku ✧ WJ/392
• (g)ruk ✧ WJ/415

raukō

noun. demon

Derivations

• √RUK “terrible shapes and the fear they inspire, terrible shapes and the fear they inspire, [ᴹ√] demon” ✧ WJ/389

Variations

• rauku/raukō ✧ WJ/390

rhaug

noun. demon

Cognates

• ᴹQ. rauko “demon” ✧ Ety/RUK

Derivations

• ᴹ√RUK “demon” ✧ Ety/GOS; Ety/RUK

Element in

• N. Balrog “*Torment Demon” ✧ Ety/RUK
• N. Gothrog “Dread Demon” ✧ Ety/GOS

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√RUK > rhaug	[rauko] > [rǭko] > [rouko] > [rauko] > [rauk] > [r̥auk] > [r̥aug]	✧ Ety/RUK