Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Gnomish

saptha-

verb. to dig, bite into

A verb appearing as G. saptha- “to dig, to bite into” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s based on the early root ᴱ√SAPA “dig, excavate” (GL/67).

Neo-Sindarin: The root √SAP reappeared in Tolkien’s later writings, but for purposes of Neo-Sindarin I would adapt G. saptha- as a basic verb ᴺS. sab- “to dig” to avoid questions of how its phonetics would have changed in later Sindarin.

Cognates

Derivations

  • ᴱ√SAPA “dig, excavate” ✧ GL/67

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√sab- > saptha-[sapta-] > [sapθa-] > [sapθa-]✧ GL/67

dol-

verb. to dig

A verb appearing as {dal- >>} dol- “dig” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s derived from the early root ᴱ√ndolo (GL/30). This root was glossed “delve” in the contemporaneous Qenya Lexicon (QL/65).

Changes

  • dal-dol- ✧ GL/30

Derivations

  • ᴱ√NDOLO “delve” ✧ GL/30

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√ndolo- > dol-[ndol-] > [dol-]✧ GL/30

Variations

  • dal- ✧ GL/30 (dal-)