-(r)on

suffix. agental suffix

-(i)on

suffix. adjectival suffix

-on

suffix. agental suffix

-on

suffix. masculine suffix

-or

suffix. agental suffix

-we

suffix. masculine suffix

aer

noun. sea

al-

prefix. no, not

an-

prefix. with, by

ant

noun. gift

ant

noun. gift

ath-

prefix. on both sides, across

A prefix for “on both sides, across” in The Etymologies of the 1930s based the root ᴹ√AT(AT) “again, back” having to do with the number “two” (Ety/AT(AT)).

Conceptual Development: The root ᴹ√YAT “join” had deleted preposition N. iath “across” (EtyAC/YAT). In Tolkien’s later writings, prefixal “across” was generally thar or athra- based on the root √THAR (PE17/14), while S. ath- was used for “easy” (PE17/148).

balan

noun. Vala, divine power, divinity

barad

noun. tower, fortress

brannon

noun. lord

brannon

noun. lord

brassen

adjective. white-hot

brenia-

verb. to endure

The form bronio in the Etymologies is a misreading according to VT/45:7

caer

noun. flat isle on a river

ceir

noun. ship

ceir

noun. ship

cîr

noun. ship

côl

noun. gold (metal)

dôl

noun. head

dôl

noun. hill or mountain

edonna-

verb. to beget

ephel

noun. outer fence, encircling fence

eria-

verb. to rise

A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “rise”, appearing as {oria >>} erio [Noldorin-style infinitive forms], derived from ON. {orta- >>} ortie or orie “rise” [Old Noldorin infinitives] under the root ᴹ√ORO “up, rise, high” (Ety/ORO; EtyAC/ORO). The change of e to i from ON. oria- to N. eria- was due to i-affection. This verb had an archaic [ON?] past †oronte “arose” [likely based on ON. orta-], and modern past form of {orias >>} erias, though this modern past was hard to make out in the source document. The suffix -as is the generalized intransitive past tense suffix for Noldorin/Sindarin derived verbs, as opposed to transitive past -ant.

Conceptual Development: There are some words in Early Noldorin word-lists of the 1920s of similar derivation, incuding ᴱN. rhó “to arise” from primitive ᴱ✶roso- (PE13/152) and rhosta- or amrosta- from primitive ᴱ✶-rosi-, unglossed but appearing under ᴱN. amrost “rising” which served as a gerund for these verbs (PE13/159). See the entry for ᴱN./G. amra- for other early verbs meaning “rise, go up”, based instead on ᴱ√AM(U) “up”.

esgar

noun. shore

falathren

noun/adjective. of the shore

falathren

noun/adjective. Shore-language (one of the names for Common Speech)

fara-

verb. to hunt

A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “to hunt” derived from primitive ᴹ✶sparā- under the root ᴹ√SPAR “hunt, pursue” (Ety/SPAR). The root form was initially given as ᴹ√PHAR (EtyAC/PHAR²).

fein

noun/adjective. white

fein

noun/adjective. cloud

gad-

verb. to catch

gala-

verb. to grow

glaer

noun. long lay, narrative poem

Written glær (with ae-ligature) in the Etymologies, rectified here according to VT/45:15

glaur

noun. gold

glawar

noun. sunlight, radiance (of the golden tree Laurelin)

gondrafn

noun. hewn stone

gondram

noun. hewn stone

gonn

noun. great stone, rock

heltha-

verb. to strip

The form helta- in the Etymologies is a misreading according to VT/46:14

ho

pronoun. he

ho

pronoun. he

hon

pronoun. he

hon(o)

pronoun. he

hono

pronoun. he

hortha-

verb. to urge on, speed

lembas

noun. waybread

lhû

noun. a time, occasion

mallen

adjective. of gold, golden

malt

noun. gold (as metal)

malthen

adjective. of gold, golden

minnas

noun. tower

minnas

noun. fort, city with a citadel and central watch-tower

minnas

noun. tower

mû

interjection. no

na

preposition. with, by (also used as a genitive sign)

na

preposition. to, towards, at

no

preposition. under

With suffixed article, see also nuin

no

preposition. under

nu

preposition. under

With suffixed article, see also nuin

nuin

preposition. under the

oear

noun. sea

oear

noun. sea

oer

noun. sea

oer

noun. sea

or

preposition. above, over

or

preposition/prefix. above, above; [G.] onto, on top, on

A preposition and prefix in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “above” and derived from the root ᴹ√ORO “up; rise; high” (Ety/ORO).

Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had adverb G. or “on, on top” which could be used as a preposition meaning “on, onto” (GL/63), clearly also derived from ᴱ√ORO. As a prefix, G. or- meant “on, onto, up, in addition to, etc.” (GL/62).

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin I would only use or as an adverb/preposition/prefix for “above [not necessarily touching]”, while for “on [top of]” I would use S. po.

or-

prefix. above, over

orthel-

verb. to roof, screen above

parf

noun. book

parf

noun. book

pôd

noun. animal's foot

rhafn

noun. wing (horn), extended point at side, etc.

sarn

noun. stone (as a material)

Sern in UT/463 is a misprint, see VT/42:11

sarn

noun. small stone

Sern in UT/463 is a misprint, see VT/42:11

tamma-

verb. to knock

A verb appearing as its Noldorin-style infinitive form tammo “to knock” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, derived from primitive ᴹ✶tambā́- under the root ᴹ√TAM “knock” (Ety/TAM; EtyAC/TAM). In The Etymologies as published in The Lost Road Christopher Tolkien gave the infinitive form as tamno (LR/390), but Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne corrected this to tammo in their Addenda and Corrigenda to the Etymologies (VT46/17).

thora-

verb. to fence

tirion

noun. tower

tâl

noun. foot