An extended root in 1957 Quenya Notes based on √AR “beyond, further than”, √ARI was glossed “good, excellent, noble” but was principally used for the prefix Q. ari- (PE17/147). This prefix was glossed “good” in the 1957 Quenya Notes, but in notes on comparison (probably from the early 1960s) it was used as a superlative prefix (PE17/56-57). The corresponding S. superlative prefix seems to be ro- (PE17/147).
Primitive elvish
aran
root. good, excellent, noble
Derivatives
Variations
- ARA|N|T ✧ PE17/148
arat
root. good, excellent, noble
Derivatives
- Q. arata “high, noble, exalted, lofty” ✧ PE17/147
- Q. Aratar “High Ones, The Exalted, The Supreme” ✧ SA/ar(a)
- Q. aráto “champion, eminent man, noble, lord, king” ✧ PE17/147; SA/ar(a)
- Q. ráta- “to excel, surpass” ✧ PE17/147
- S. arod “noble” ✧ PE17/147
- S. raud “noble, eminent; lofty, high, tall; excellent” ✧ PE17/147
Elements
Word Gloss RĀ/ARA “noble, high, royal” Variations
- ARA|N|T ✧ PE17/148
- arat- ✧ SA/ar(a)
gardā
noun. region
Derivations
- ᴹ√GAR “keep, hold, possess; maintain, defend”
Derivatives
ari
root. good, excellent, noble
Derivatives
- Q. ar(i)- “superlative prefix; good, superlative prefix; good; [ᴱQ.] intensive” ✧ PE17/147
manrā
adjective. good
Derivations
- √MAN “good (morally), blessed, holy, unmarred, free from evil, good (morally), blessed, holy, unmarred, free from evil; [ᴹ√] holy spirit” ✧ PE17/162
Derivatives
- Q. mára “good, proper, good, proper; [ᴹQ.] useful, fit, good (of things), [ᴱQ.] excellent; mighty, power, doughty” ✧ PE17/162
khin
root. child
A root appearing in Notes on Names (NN) from 1957 with the gloss “child” (PE17/157), and again in the Quendi and Eldar essay of 1959-60 with the same gloss (WJ/403). It was the basis for the words Q. hína and S. hên “child”, which were probably inspired by the Adûnaic patronymic suffix -hin that Tolkien introduced in the 1940s as part of Êruhin “Child of God” (SD/358), originally an Adûnaic word but later on used in Sindarin (Let/345; MR/330). This root might be a later iteration of the early root ᴱ√HILI from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s whose derivatives had to do with children (QL/40). As evidence of this, the Adûnaic word was first given as Eruhil (SD/341).
Derivatives
Variations
- khin ✧ WJ/403
khīnā
noun. child
Derivations
- √KHIN “child” ✧ WJ/403
Derivatives
Variations
- khīnā/khinā ✧ WJ/403
An extended root in 1957 Quenya Notes based on √AR “beyond, further than”, √ARAN was glossed “good, excellent, noble” but was principally used for Q. aran, S. aran “king” (PE17/147).