The 1st chieftain of the Dúnedain (LotR/1038). The initial element of his name is aran “noble”. The meaning of the final element is unclear. It might be related to the initial element of the name of the fallen realm Arthedain. David Salo suggested that the final element is ✱arth “noble”, cognate to Q. arta (GS/240, 341).
Sindarin
aran
noun. king, lord, chief, (lit.) high or noble person, king, lord, chief, (lit.) high or noble person; [N.] lord (of a specific region)
aran
noun. king (used of a lord or king of a specified region)
aran
'high or noble person'
aranarth
masculine name. Aranarth
aranel
masculine name. Aranel
aranuir
masculine name. Aranuir
The 3rd chieftain of the Dúnedain (LotR/1038). The initial element of his name may be aran “king” and its final element might be [N.] uir “eternity” (as suggested by David Salo, GS/341).
Conceptual Development: In the draft of Appendix A of the Lord of the Rings, his name was first given as Aranuil, revised to Aranuir (PM/211).
ara
noun. king
_ n. _king.
aranrúth
proper name. King’s Ire
Aran Einior
noun. Elder King (Manwë)
aran (king) + einior (“elder”) > an (comparative prefix) + iaur (“ancient, old”)
Aranath
noun. kings
aran (“king”) + ath (collective plural suffix)
Aranrúth
noun. royal anger
aran (“king”) + rûth (“anger”) The archaic origin of the name can probably explain why assimilation nr > dhr doesn't take place.
Aranuir
noun. eternal king
aran (“king”) + #uir (“eternity”)
aranarth
noun. noble king
aran (“king”) + arth (“lofty, noble”)
aran einior
proper name. Elder King, Manwë
Arannor
'King's land'
topon. 'King's land', the North kingdom (at first the most important of Elendil's realms). An older form, still used in literature, later reduced in Arnor. Q. Arandóre.Another name that soon fell out of general colloquial use was Arthor na Forlonnas. >> Arthor na Forlonnas
Aranthorn
'Steadfast King'
prop. n. 'Steadfast King'. >> Arangorn
aranarth
noun. *kingdom
aran cîr lim
*king of swift ships
aran gondor ar arnor ar hîr i mbair annui
king of Gondor and Arnor and Lord of the Westlands
aran na chîr lim
*king of swift ships
Arangorn
'Revered King'
prop. n. 'Revered King'. >> Aragorn
aranarth
noun. kingdom, "king-holding"
In Tolkien's manuscript, this form was rejected in favor of arnad
Ara-
prefix. king
Aragorn
'Revered King'
aran
king
1) (king of a region) aran (pl. erain). Coll. pl. aranath. Also †âr with stem-form aran- (also with pl. erain; the longer form aran may be a back-formation from this plural). 2) (king of a people) †taur (i daur, o thaur) (said in LR:389 s.v. _T_Ā to refer to ”legitimate kings of the whole tribes”), pl. toer (i thoer), coll. pl. torath.
aran
king
(pl. erain). Coll. pl. aranath. Also †âr with stem-form aran- (also with pl. erain; the longer form aran may be a back-formation from this plural).
aran
king of a region
aran (pl. erain)
aran
king of a region
(pl. erain)
arn
noble
(adjective) 1) arn (royal), pl. ern, also arth (lofty, exalted), pl. erth, or arod (archaic *araud), pl. aroed. 2) brand (high, lofty, fine), lenited vrand, pl. braind; 3) raud (eminent, high), in compounds -rod, pl. roed. 4) taur (also tor-, tar- in compounds) (lofty, high, sublime; vast, masterful, mighty, overwhelming, huge, awful), lenited daur, pl. toer. Note: homophones mean ”king (of a people)” and also ”great wood, forest”. Also used as noun ”a noble”; see below.
arn
noble
(royal), pl. ern, also arth (lofty, exalted), pl. erth, or arod (archaic ✱araud), pl. aroed.
aranas
noun. kingship
rain
free
rain (wandering, erratic). No distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”border” (VT46:10; suggested Sindarin form of ” Noldorin” rhain)
Arnor
noun. Arnor
royal land; ar (prefix “high, noble, royal”) + (n-)dor (“land, dwelling”) Arnor was retained to avoid Ardor and was later explained as the blending of Quenya Arnanóre with S arn(a)dor > ardor
arnor
place name. Royal Land
The northern kingdom of the Dúnedain (LotR/242), variously translated as “Royal Land” (Let/428), “Noble Land” (PE17/28) or “King(ly) Land” (PE17/28, PE17/118). In ordinary Sindarin, this name would have been ✱✱Ardor, a combination of the prefix ar(a)- “noble, royal” and the noun dôr “land” (Let/428, PE17/118). It was, however, blended with or adapted from its Quenya name Aran(d)órë (Let/428, PE17/28).
Arnor
'King's land'
topon. 'King's land', the North kingdom (at first the most important of Elendil's realms). Q. Arandóre.A reduced form of older (and still used in literature especially so) arannor. _Arnor _is 'colloquial' < aranōre = noble land, with usual loss of second of two short vowels of same quality. Another name that soon fell out of general colloquial use was Arthor na Forlonnas. >> Arthor na Forlonnas
aragost
masculine name. Aragost
The 8th chieftain of the Dúnedain (LotR/1038). The initial element of his name is the prefix ar(a)- “noble” and its final element might be [N.] gost “terror” (as suggested by David Salo, GS/341).
Conceptual Development: In the draft of Appendix A of the Lord of the Rings, his name was first given as Arandost, revised to Aragost (PM/211).
arahad
masculine name. Arahad
The 7th and 10th chieftains of the Dúnedain (LotR/1038). The initial element of the name is the prefix ar(a)- “noble” and its final element might be the lenitied form had of the noun sad “place”.
Conceptual Development: In the draft of Appendix A of the Lord of the Rings, the name of Arahad II was first given as Arangar (PM/211).
tolo i arnad lín
thy kingdom come
The third line of Ae Adar Nín, Tolkien’s Sindarin translation of the Lord’s Prayer (VT44/21). The first word tolo is the imperative form of the verb tol- “to come”. The second word is the definite article i “the”, followed by arnad “kingdom” and the possessive pronoun lín “your”, with the adjectival element following the noun as is usual in Sindarin.
See the entry for the second line of this prayer for a discussion of the use of the definite article i “the” before the possessed noun in this phrase.
Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:
> tol-o i arnad lín = “✱come-(imperative) the kingdom yours”
Conceptual Development: Tolkien first wrote aranarth for “kingdom” before replacing it with arnad. He also wrote lin (with short i) initially for lín, but this could have been a slip.
manwe
manwë
in Sindarin as well (na Vanwe), or he may be referred to as Aran Einior ”the Elder King”.
ar(a)-
prefix. noble, royal, high
arathorn
masculine name. Steadfast King
The 12th and 15th chieftains of the Dúnedain, the latter of whom was the father of Aragorn (LotR/1038).
Possible Etymology: The initial element of this name is clearly ar(a)- “noble” (Let/426). Tolkien considered two possibilities for the second element: either thorn “steadfast" (PE17/32, 113) or thoron “eagle” (Let/427). The etymological discussion for the first of these possibilities is more complete, and includes the translation “Steadfast King” (PE17/113).
Conceptual Development: In Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, the father of Aragorn was first named N. Aramir (TI/7), later revised to ᴹQ. Eldakar >> ᴹQ. Valatar >> N. Kelegorn (TI/404, note #10) and finally N. Arathorn (TI/392).
arnad
noun. *kingdom
Arnor
Land of the King
Arnor was the colloquial name for the North Kingdom. The North Kingdom, as the land was called at its conception, was also known as Turmen Follondiéva in Quenya and Arthor na Forlonnas in Sindarin. These names quickly fell out of use, in favor of Arnor: the Land of the King, so called for the kingship of Elendil, and to seal its precedence over the southern realm. In full, poetic Sindarin, it was called Arannor, which mirrored its Quenya name, Arandórë. Though technically Arandórë would have a Sindarin form Ardor, Tolkien chose Arnor because it sounded better. This linguistic change was ascribed to a later, Mannish development of Sindarin. The form Arnanórë is also seen.
arth
adjective. (unknown meaning, perhaps (?) noble, lofty, exalted)
Arathorn
noun. 'Steadfast King'
Arathorn
noun. 'Steadfast King'
prop. n. 'Steadfast King'. . This gloss was rejected.
Gondor
noun. stone land
gond (“great stone, rock”) + (-n)dor (“land, dwelling”)
ar-
prefix. king
ardhon
noun. great region, province
ardhon
noun. world
arnad
noun. kingdom
arod
adjective. noble
arod
noble
1b _adj._noble. >> raud
arod
adjective. noble
adj. #noble.
arod
adjective. noble
d adj. noble. Q. arata. >> raud
arod
adjective. noble
arphen
noun. a noble
bain
good
_ adj. _good, wholesome, blessed, fair (esp. of weather). . This gloss was rejected.
belaith
adjective. mighty
adj. mighty. Q. melehta.
belaith
adjective. mighty
An adjective for “mighty” derived from the root √MBELEK in a page of notes having to do with “large & small” words, probably from the late 1960s (PE17/115), apparently from the primitive form ✱✶mbelektā with the ekt vocalizing to eith and then the ei becoming ai in the final syllable.
eneth
noun. name
esta-
verb. to name
gardh
noun. bounded or defined region
gardh
noun. world
gardh
noun. region
hên
noun. child (mostly used as a prefix in patronymics or metronymics)
hên
noun. child
A word for “child” derived from the root √KHIN, more specifically from ✶khinā with short i which became e in Sindarin due to a-affection (WJ/403). It often appeared in its mutated plural form chîn in phrases like Narn i Chîn Húrin “Tale of the Children of Húrin” (WJ/160). This is pronounced with spirantal “ch” as in German Bach, not affricate “ch” as in English “church”.
Christopher Tolkien made the editorial decision to render this plural form as Hîn in The Silmarillion as published as well as in Unfinished Tales, where it “was improperly changed by me [Christopher Tolkien] to Narn i Hîn Húrin ... because I did not want Chîn to be pronounced like Modern English chin” (LR/322). It seems Tolkien himself had similar concerns, as he sometimes rendered its Quenya cognate as sén, which would have Sindarin forms ✱sên “child” and ✱i hîn “the children”. However, Tolkien’s motive was probably a desire to retain the early (originally Adûniac) form Ad. Eruhîn “Children of God”, which in Sindarin otherwise became Eruchîn (LB/354).
lain
adjective. free, freed
lin
adjective. thy (reverential)
lín
adjective. thy (reverential)
ma
adjective. good
_ adj. _good. Archaic and obsolete except as interjection 'good, excellent, that's right'.
maer
good
_ adj. _good.
maer
good
adj. good, proper, excellent. Q. mára good, proper, Q. maira excellent. >> mae-. This gloss was rejected.
region
noun. holly-tree area
[HKF] reg (Dor. regorn “holly tree”) + ion (Dor. gen. pl. suffix) = Dor. Regornion [Etym. ERÉK-]
tolo
verb. come!
Gondor
Gondor
In earlier times, it was called the South Kingdom, or Hyaralondie, Hyallondie and Turmen Hyallondiéva in Quenya, and Arthor na Challonnas in Sindarin from the Númenórean point of view: the elements londie and lonnas mean "harbour, landing". The name Gondor was likely adopted from the lesser people's terminology and translates from Sindarin as "Stone-land", from the words gond, "stone", and (n)dor, "land". The (generally not used) Quenya form of the name was Ondonóre. Gondor received its name because of the abundance of stone in the Ered Nimrais, and the usage of it in great stone cities, statues, and monuments, such as Minas Tirith and the Argonath. In Rohan, it was known as Stoningland (a modernization of Old English Stāning-(land)), and Ghân-buri-Ghân of the Drúedain also recognized their use of stone.
adleitha
free
(i adleitha, in adleithar), also †adleg- (i adleg, in edlegir), pa.t. adlenc, pp. adlengen, pl. edlengin).
ar
noble
(adjectival prefix) ar- (high, royal). In the form ar(a)- this is an element in the names of the kings of Arnor and Arthedain.
ar
noble
(high, royal). In the form ar(a)- this is an element in the names of the kings of Arnor and Arthedain.
ardh
region
1) ardh (realm), pl. erdh, also in augmented form ardhon (great region, great province, world), pl. erdhyn, coll. pl. ardhonnath. 2) dôr (i nôr, construct dor) (dwelling place, land), pl. dŷr (i ndŷr) (WJ:413), 3) gardh (i **ardh) (bounded or defined place), pl. gerdh (i ngerdh = i ñerdh), 4) gwaith (i **waith) (manhood, manpower, troop of able-bodied men, host, regiment, people, wilderness), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwaith).
ardh
region
(realm), pl. erdh, also in augmented form ardhon (great region, great province, world), pl. erdhyn, coll. pl. ardhonnath.
arnad
kingdom
arnad (pl. ernaid) (VT44:23)
arnad
kingdom
(pl. ernaid) (VT44:23)
arphen
noble
(noun, "a noble") 1) arphen, pl. erphin; 2) raud (eminent man, champion), pl.roed (idh roed), coll. pl. rodath.
arphen
noble
pl. erphin
arwen
noble woman
(pl. erwin).****
beleg
mighty
1) beleg (great), lenited veleg, pl. belig; 2) taur (also tor-, tar- in compounds) (lofty, high, sublime, noble; vast, masterful, overwhelming, huge, awful), lenited daur, pl. toer. Note: homophones mean ”king (of a people)” and also ”great wood, forest”.
beleg
mighty
(great), lenited veleg, pl. belig
brand
noble
(high, lofty, fine), lenited vrand, pl. braind
dôr
region
(i nôr, construct dor) (dwelling place, land), pl. dŷr (i ndŷr) (WJ:413)
eneth
name
(noun) eneth (pl. enith)
eneth
name
(pl. enith)
ennor
middle-earth
Ennor, also in coll. pl. ennorath = lands of Middle-earth (RGEO, Letters:384). Apparently less usual is the term Emerain.
eruchen
children of the one
)
ess
noun. name
esta
name
(verb.) esta- (call) (i esta, in estar)
esta
name
(call) (i esta, in estar)
gardh
region
(i ’ardh) (bounded or defined place), pl. gerdh (i ngerdh = i ñerdh)
gilwen
region of stars
(Quenya Ilmen), also Gilith. In the Etymologies, this word is derived from a root GIL (LR:358) and would then have the form ’Ilwen (’Ilwith) when lenited. But in a later source, Tolkien cited the relevant root as ÑGIL (MR:388), and the lenited form would then be Ngilwen (Ngilwith).
gwaith
region
(i ’waith) (manhood, manpower, troop of able-bodied men, host, regiment, people, wilderness), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwaith).
hên
child
hên (i chên), pl. hîn (i chîn); also -chen, pl. -chín at the end of compounds (e.g. Eruchín ”Children of Eru”). _(WJ:403) _CHILDREN OF THE ONE (Elves and Men as children of God) Eruchín** **(sg. *Eruchen)
hên
child
(i chên), pl. hîn (i chîn); also -chen, pl. -chín at the end of compounds (e.g. Eruchín ”Children of Eru”). (WJ:403)
leitha
set free
(i leitha, i leithar)
lín
thy
lín
lín
thy
maer
good
_(”useful” of things _ not of moral qualities) maer (lenited vaer, no distinct pl. form) (fit, useful). For ”good” as an adjective describing human qualities, the word fael ”fair-minded, just, generous” may be considered.
maer
good
(lenited vaer, no distinct pl. form) (fit, useful). For ”good” as an adjective describing human qualities, the word fael ”fair-minded, just, generous” may be considered.
raud
noble
(eminent, high), in compounds -rod, pl. roed. 4) taur (also tor-, tar- in compounds) (lofty, high, sublime; vast, masterful, mighty, overwhelming, huge, awful), lenited daur, pl. toer. Note: homophones mean ”king (of a people)” and also ”great wood, forest”. Also used as noun ”a noble”; see below.
riel
princess
#riel (garlanded maiden), pl. ?rîl (idh rîl), coll. pl. riellath. Isolated from the name Galadriel.
riel
princess
(garlanded maiden), pl. ?rîl (idh rîl), coll. pl. riellath. Isolated from the name Galadriel.
taur
king
(i daur, o thaur) (said in LR:389 s.v. TĀ to refer to ”legitimate kings of the whole tribes”), pl. toer (i thoer), coll. pl. torath.
taur
mighty
(also tor-, tar- in compounds) (lofty, high, sublime, noble; vast, masterful, overwhelming, huge, awful), lenited daur, pl. toer. Note: homophones mean ”king (of a people)” and also ”great wood, forest”.
tol
come
tol- (i dôl, i thelir). The present tense tôl is attested (WJ:254). MAKE COME, see FETCH
tol
come
(i dôl, i thelir). The present tense tôl is attested (WJ:254).
pl1. erain n. 'high or noble person', king, chief.