aran

noun. king (used of a lord or king of a specified region)

aran

'high or noble person'

pl1. erain n. 'high or noble person', king, chief.

aran

noun. king, lord, chief, (lit.) high or noble person, king, lord, chief, (lit.) high or noble person; [N.] lord (of a specific region)

Cognates

• Q. aran “king” ✧ PE17/147

Derivations

• √ARAN “good, excellent, noble” ✧ PE17/147

Derivatives

• S. ar(a)- “noble, royal, high” ✧ Let/426

Element in

• S. a Pherhael ar am Meril suilad uin aran o Minas Tirith nelchaenen ned Echuir “to Samwise and Rose the King’s greeting from Minas Tirith, the thirty-first day of Stirring” ✧ SD/129; SD/129
• S. Aranarth
• ᴺS. aranas “kingship”
• S. aran cîr lim “*king of swift ships” ✧ PE17/147
• S. aran na chîr lim “*king of swift ships” ✧ PE17/147
• ᴺS. ar(an)eg “kinglet”
• S. Aran Einior “Elder King, Manwë” ✧ PM/358
• S. Aranel
• S. aran Gondor ar Arnor ar Hîr i Mbair Annui “king of Gondor and Arnor and Lord of the Westlands” ✧ AotM/062; SD/128
• S. Aranrúth “King’s Ire” ✧ SA/ar(a)
• S. Aranuir
• S. Araphant
• S. Araphor
• S. Arathorn “Steadfast King” ✧ PE17/113; PE17/113
• S. arnad “*kingdom”
• S. aranarth “*kingdom”
• S. Ennyn Durin Aran Moria “the Doors of Durin, Lord of Moria” ✧ LotR/0305; PE17/040
• S. Ereinion “Scion of Kings” ✧ SA/ar(a)
• S. ernil “prince”
• S. Fornost Erain “Norbury of the Kings” ✧ SA/ar(a)

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√ARAN > aran	[aran]	✧ PE17/147

Variations

• Aran ✧ LotR/0305; PM/358
• ara[n] ✧ PE17/147

ara

noun. king

_ n. _king. 

Ara-

prefix. king

pref. king. >> ar-, Arathorn

ardhon

noun. great region, province

ardhon

noun. world

ar-

prefix. king

pref. king. >> ara-, Arathorn

bain

good

_ adj. _good, wholesome, blessed, fair (esp. of weather). . This gloss was rejected.

maer

good

_ adj. _good.

maer

good

adj. good, proper, excellent. Q. mára good, proper, Q. maira excellent. >> mae-. This gloss was rejected.

gardh

noun. bounded or defined region

gardh

noun. world

gardh

noun. region

Cognates

• Q. arda “region, realm, particular land or region, region, realm, particular land or region; [ᴱQ.] place, spot” ✧ WJ/402

Derivations

• ✶gardā “region” ✧ WJ/402
  • ᴹ√GAR “keep, hold, possess; maintain, defend”

Element in

• S. Ard-galen “Green Region”
• S. Ardhon “The World”
• S. Calenardhon “Green Province”
• S. gardhon “province”
• S. Garthúrian “Hidden Realm”
• S. Lisgardh “Land of Reeds” ✧ UT/034

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶gardā > gardh	[gardā] > [garda] > [garða] > [garð]	✧ WJ/402

region

noun. holly-tree area

[HKF] reg (Dor. regorn “holly tree”) + ion (Dor. gen. pl. suffix) = Dor. Regornion [Etym. ERÉK-]

ma

adjective. good

_ adj. _good. Archaic and obsolete except as interjection 'good, excellent, that's right'.

hên

noun. child (mostly used as a prefix in patronymics or metronymics)

hên

noun. child

A word for “child” derived from the root √KHIN, more specifically from ✶khinā with short i which became e in Sindarin due to a-affection (WJ/403). It often appeared in its mutated plural form chîn in phrases like Narn i Chîn Húrin “Tale of the Children of Húrin” (WJ/160). This is pronounced with spirantal “ch” as in German Bach, not affricate “ch” as in English “church”.

Christopher Tolkien made the editorial decision to render this plural form as Hîn in The Silmarillion as published as well as in Unfinished Tales, where it “was improperly changed by me [Christopher Tolkien] to Narn i Hîn Húrin ... because I did not want Chîn to be pronounced like Modern English chin” (LR/322). It seems Tolkien himself had similar concerns, as he sometimes rendered its Quenya cognate as sén, which would have Sindarin forms ✱sên “child” and ✱i hîn “the children”. However, Tolkien’s motive was probably a desire to retain the early (originally Adûniac) form Ad. Eruhîn “Children of God”, which in Sindarin otherwise became Eruchîn (LB/354).

Cognates

• Ad. -hin “child, patronymic”
• Q. hína “child” ✧ SA/híni; WJ/403

Derivations

• ✶khīnā “child” ✧ WJ/403
  • √KHIN “child” ✧ WJ/403

Element in

• S. Eruchîn “Children of Eru (God)”
• S. i chîn Húrin “*the children of Húrin” ✧ VT50/18
• S. i·Veleglind i eithro en estar i·Chîn Húrin “*the Great Song that is also called the Children of Húrin” ✧ VT50/12
• S. Narn i Chîn Húrin “Tale of the Children of Húrin” ✧ MR/373; S/198; SA/híni; UT/057; WJ/403
• S. Glaer nia Chîn Húrin “Tale of the Children of Húrin” ✧ WJ/160
• S. Sarch nia Chîn Húrin “Grave of the Children of Húrin” ✧ UT/140

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶khīnā/khinā > hên	[kʰinā] > [kʰina] > [xina] > [xena] > [xen] > [hen] > [hēn]	✧ WJ/403
✶khīnā/khinā > hîn	[kʰinī] > [kʰini] > [xini] > [xin] > [hin] > [hīn]	✧ WJ/403

aran

king

1) (king of a region) aran (pl. erain). Coll. pl. aranath. Also †âr with stem-form aran- (also with pl. erain; the longer form aran may be a back-formation from this plural). 2) (king of a people) †taur (i daur, o thaur) (said in LR:389 s.v. _T_Ā to refer to ”legitimate kings of the whole tribes”), pl. toer (i thoer), coll. pl. torath.

aran

king

(pl. erain). Coll. pl. aranath. Also †âr with stem-form aran- (also with pl. erain; the longer form aran may be a back-formation from this plural).

aran

king of a region

(pl. erain)

aran

king of a region

aran (pl. erain)

ardh

region

1) ardh (realm), pl. erdh, also in augmented form ardhon (great region, great province, world), pl. erdhyn, coll. pl. ardhonnath. 2) dôr (i nôr, construct dor) (dwelling place, land), pl. dŷr (i ndŷr) (WJ:413), 3) gardh (i **ardh) (bounded or defined place), pl. gerdh (i ngerdh = i ñerdh), 4) gwaith (i **waith) (manhood, manpower, troop of able-bodied men, host, regiment, people, wilderness), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwaith).

ardh

region

(realm), pl. erdh, also in augmented form ardhon (great region, great province, world), pl. erdhyn, coll. pl. ardhonnath.

maer

good

_(”useful” of things _ not of moral qualities) maer (lenited vaer, no distinct pl. form) (fit, useful). For ”good” as an adjective describing human qualities, the word fael ”fair-minded, just, generous” may be considered.

maer

good

(lenited vaer, no distinct pl. form) (fit, useful). For ”good” as an adjective describing human qualities, the word fael ”fair-minded, just, generous” may be considered.

taur

king

(i daur, o thaur) (said in LR:389 s.v. TĀ to refer to ”legitimate kings of the whole tribes”), pl. toer (i thoer), coll. pl. torath.

gardh

region

(i ’ardh) (bounded or defined place), pl. gerdh (i ngerdh = i ñerdh)

dôr

region

(i nôr, construct dor) (dwelling place, land), pl. dŷr (i ndŷr) (WJ:413)

gwaith

region

(i ’waith) (manhood, manpower, troop of able-bodied men, host, regiment, people, wilderness), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwaith).

eruchen

children of the one

)

hên

child

hên (i chên), pl. hîn (i chîn); also -chen, pl. -chín at the end of compounds (e.g. Eruchín ”Children of Eru”). _(WJ:403) _CHILDREN OF THE ONE (Elves and Men as children of God) Eruchín** **(sg. *Eruchen)

hên

child

(i chên), pl. hîn (i chîn); also -chen, pl. -chín at the end of compounds (e.g. Eruchín ”Children of Eru”). (WJ:403)

gilwen

region of stars

(Quenya Ilmen), also Gilith. In the Etymologies, this word is derived from a root GIL (LR:358) and would then have the form ’Ilwen (’Ilwith) when lenited. But in a later source, Tolkien cited the relevant root as ÑGIL (MR:388), and the lenited form would then be Ngilwen (Ngilwith).