A neologism coined by Paul Strack in 2022 for Eldamo, a combination of celva “animal” and √KIR “cut”. This neologism was originally coined by Orondil as ᴺQ. cuimacir “butcher” using cuima for “animal”, but I find that word problematic because it is based on the root √KUY having the meaning “live”, and I prefer to use that root only for “awake” and to use √KOY for “live”.
Quenya
cuima
noun. creature, animal
cuima
noun. animal
cuiva
noun. animal
cuimacir
noun. butcher
celvacir
noun. butcher
laman
noun. animal
animal
laman
animal
laman (lamn- or simply laman-, as in pl. lamni or lamani) noun "animal" (usually applied to four-footed beasts, and never to reptiles and birds; a more general word may be #celva) (WJ:416)
laman
noun. animal, animal, [ᴹQ.] tame beast
A word for an “animal” in the Quendi and Eldar essay of 1959-60, where Tolkien said it “usually only applied to four-footed beasts, and never to reptiles or birds” (WJ/416). It was derived from the root √LAM in the sense “inarticulate voiced sound”. It had plural forms lamni and lamani based on distinct primitive forms ✶laman(a) and ✶lamān, the first form being subject to the Quenya syncope and the second immune to it.
Conceptual Development: The earliest precursor to this word was ᴱQ. {lāma >>} lăma in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s derived from the early root ᴱ√LAMA, with the glosses “a head of cattle or sheep; an animal, beast” (QL/50). In this document it had an ancient form lamṇ, and accusative forms lamna or laman. The origin of this final -a is made clear in the Early Qenya Grammar of the 1920s, where Tolkien said “-a < ṇ”, citing lama as an example with plural form lamni (PE14/44, 74). This singular and plural form also appeared in Early Qenya Word-lists (PE16/132) and the English-Qenya Dictionary of the 1920s (PE15/69), and in the latter Tolkien specified that the word “can be used generally, but popularly as in English excludes birds & insects, and men”.
The form ᴹQ. laman emerged in the Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s, where Tolkien gave it the gloss “tame beast” (PE21/19). Inflected forms indicate the stem was still lamn-, and the plural remained lamni (PE21/28). Thus it seems that by this stage the word’s stem form was the result of the Quenya syncope. The word laman “animal” appeared in the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) from 1948, but there it was rejected and replaced by ᴹQ. nasto (PE22/116). Laman “animal” appeared again in the Quendi and Eldar essay of 1959-60, as noted above.
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would assume this word mostly applies to either tame or tameable four-legged mammals, as opposed to hravan for “wild beasts” and celva for animals in general.
nasto
noun. animal, beast
onna
creature
onna noun "creature" (ONO), "child" (PE17:170), also translated "child" in the plural compound Aulëonnar "Children of Aulë", a name of the Dwarves (PM:391), and apparently also used = "child" in the untranslated sentence nai amanya onnalya ter coivierya ("k") "be it that your child [will be] blessed thoughout his/her life" (VT49:41). The form onya (q.v.), used as a vocative "my child", is perhaps shortened from *onnanya.
celvamatta
noun. animal food
A word for “animal” in Late Notes on Verb Structure (LVS) from 1969, appearing only in its plural form kuimar (PE22/155). It is clearly based on the root √KUY “live”, also appearing in the same document (PE22/156), hence probably meaning “✱living thing”.
Conceptual Development: Perhaps the first precursor of this word was ᴱQ. koite (koisi-) “living thing, being, animal” from the early root ᴱ√KOẎO “have life” (QL/48). A similar form kuivar appeared for “animals” in some notes the Death of Animals and Plants from 1957-8, but there Tolkien said “cuy = awake not live” (NM/274 note #6), and replaced this term with Q. kelvar, which is the word for “animal” Christopher Tolkien used in the published version of The Silmarillion (S/45). By 1969 Tolkien decided √KUY did mean “live”, and (re)introduced a derivative of that root for “animal” (see above).
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I prefer for √KUY to mean only “awake” and keep √KOY for “live”; see those entries for discussion. As such, I recommend against using cuima for “animal”, especially since Q. celva is a much better known term, being a word used in The Silmarillion as published.