cuita
verb. live
cuita-
verb. to live
Derivations
- √KUY “awake; live, awake; live, [ᴹ√] come to life” ✧ PE22/156
Element in
- Q. cuita’r parë “live and learn” ✧ PE22/154
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √KUY > kuita [kuita-] ✧ PE22/156 Variations
- kuita ✧ PE22/156
coita-
verb. live, be alive, have life
oia-
verb. live, pass one’s days
cuio
verb. live!
cuio
verb. imp
v. imp. live. Cuio i Pheriain anann 'May the Halflings live long'.
cuia-
verb. to live
cuia-
verb. to live
A verb for “to live” appearing only in the imperative form cuio in the phrase cuio i Pheriain anann “long live the Halflings” or “may the Halflings live long” (LotR/953; Let/448; PE17/102). It already had this form when it appeared in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (SD/46).
Derivations
- √KOY “*live, have life, [ᴹ√] live, have life”
Element in
- S. cuio i Pheriain anann “may the Halflings live long” ✧ Let/448; LotR/0953; PE17/102
minno
verb. imp
v. imp. of minna- enter. Pedo mellon a minno! 'Say friend and enter'. >> minna-
tíro
verb. imp
avon
verb. I won't
eglerio
verb. imp
v. imp. glorify.
noro
verb. run! ride!
Untranslated in LotR, but written nora-lim and rendered as "ride on" in RS/196 (not a literal translation) and later translated as "run swift" in RC/195. A verb nor- is attested in the old Gnomish lexicon, PE/11:61, with the meaning "to run, roll"
drúwaith
noun. the wilderness of the Drû-men (q.v.)
avgaro
prefix. imp
pref. & v. imp. do not do it!
avo
verb. don't!
Used as a negative adverb before an imperative: avo garo "don't do it!". Sometimes used as prefix: avgaro
edro
verb. imp
v. imp. of edra-open. annon edhellen edro hi ammen! 'Elvish gate open now for us'. >> edra-
lasto
imp
v. imp. of lasta-give ear, listen. fennas nogothrim lasto beth lammen 'doorway of the Dwarf-folk listen to the words of my tongue'. >> lasta-
pedo
verb. imp
v. imp. of ped- say. Pedo mellon a minno! 'Say friend and enter'. >> ped-
tôl
verb. (he) comes
According to WJ/301, the expression tôl acharn "vengeance comes" was later changed to tûl acharn by Tolkien
lôd
verb. (he) floats
ónen
noun. I gave
Written onen in some editions of LotR. In the Qenyaqetsa, Qenya anta- is marked as having an irregular past tense áne. Assuming the same sound-shifts as observed in other words, this would indeed lead to onen in Sindarin, see PE/12:31 and TT/14:48-49
Lossoth
noun. the Snowmen
anglennatha
verb. (he) will approach
lammas
noun. account of tongues
dagorath
noun. all the battles
anfangrim
noun. the Longbeards (a tribe of Dwarves)
falathrim
noun. people of the Falas
rochirrim
noun. horse-lords, the people of Rohan
lâf
verb. (he) licks
galadhad
noun. the Two Trees of Valinor
pêd
verb. (he) says
rammas
noun. (great) wall
cuia
live
(i guia, i chuia; the attested form is the imperative cuio). Also cuina (i guina, i chuinar).
iphant
long-lived
(aged, literally ”year-full”), pl. iphaint. The spelling used in the source is ”ifant” (LR:400 s.v. YEN), but since the f arises from earlier (n > m +) p via nasal mutation, it should be written ph according to the spelling conventions described in LotR Appendix E.
cuia-
verb. to live
Derivations
- ᴹ√KUY “come to life, awake”
Element in
- N. cuio i Pheriain anann “long live the halflings” ✧ SD/046
tôl
verb. (he) comes
According to WJ/301, the expression tôl acharn "vengeance comes" was later changed to tûl acharn by Tolkien
thia
verb. it appears
osgar
verb. (he) cuts, amputates
síla
verb. (he) shines white
sôg
verb. (he) drinks
tôg
verb. (he) leads, brings
lhôd
verb. (he) floats
orthor
verb. (he) masters, conquers
lhammas
noun. account of tongues
lhâf
verb. (he) licks
blâb
verb. (he) flaps, beats
The Etymologies seem to list this word as a noun, but it is clearly the third person singular of the verb
A word appearing as Q. kuita “live” in Late Notes on Verb Structure (LVS) from 1969, most notably in the phrase kuita’r pare “live and learn”, derived from the root √KUY “live” (PE22/154, 156).
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I prefer to use √KUY for “wake” (NM/274) and √KOY for “live”; see those roots for discussion. As such, I would use Q. coita- for “to live” and would assume ᴺQ. cuita- means to “to waken, rouse”, as did its primitive form from the 1950s: ✶kuitā- (PE22/136). I further assume cuita- “to waken, rouse” is a transative/causative verb (taking a direct object) based on the long ā in this primitive form, with a past tense cuitane “woke, roused”.