Soronto

eagle

Soronto (þ?), masc. name, seems to incorporate soron "eagle"; the ending -to is rare (occurs in suhto, q.v.), here apparently used to derive a masculine name.

Soronúmë

eagle

Soronúmë (prob. þ) (name of a constellation, apparently incorporating soron "eagle") (SA:thoron)

sor

eagle

sor, sornë noun "eagle" (LT1:266); rather soron in LotR-style Quenya

sorno

eagle

sorno (þ) noun "eagle" (archaic thorno) _(Letters:427). Also soron. Early "Qenya" has sor, sornë (LT1:266)_

sorno

noun. eagle

soron

eagle

soron (or sornë) (þ) noun "eagle", before an ending sorn- as in pl. sorni, "gen.sg....sornen"; in LotR-style Quenya this would be the dative singular instead (THOR/THORON). SD:290 has the pl.soroni "eagles", changed to sorni as in the Etymologies. Early "Qenya" has the forms sor, sornë (LT1:266)

soron

noun. eagle

The Quenya word for “eagle”, appearing in a number of compounds, derived from primitive ✶thorono and the root ᴹ√THOR(ON) “come swooping down” (PE22/159; Let/427; Ety/THOR; PE21/33). It had couple variants such as sorno (Let/427) and sorne (Ety/THOR), but consistently appeared as soron- in compounds. Its stem form isn’t entirely clear: its most common plural form was sorni (Ety/THOR; SD/290), which is the expected result from the Quenya syncope, but in one place it had the plural soroni and the presence of the variant sorne muddies the waters.

Conceptual Development: This word appeared as ᴱQ. sorne or sor (sorn-) “eagle” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s derived from the early root ᴱ√ŠORO [ÞORO] (QL/86). The form sorn- “eagle” also appeared in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa where Tolkien indicated the primitive form was sorni- (PME/86). The form ᴱQ. soron appeared in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s as a cognate of ᴱN. thorn “eagle” (PE13/154), and Tolkien mostly stuck with that form thereafter, though he occasionally used variants like sorne and sorno as noted above.

In the Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s, Tolkien listed a large number of declined forms for ᴹQ. soron “eagle”, and those declensions used soron- (or sorun-) as their base. In The Etymologies of the 1930s, however, Tolkien gave plural sorni and genitive sornen indicating a stem form sorn-, but that document also gave sorne as an alternate form of soron “eagle”. Nevertheless, I think from the 1930s forward, it is more likely that Quenya syncope would have come into play in the declension of this word, so it would have plural sorni, dative sornen, ablative sornello, etc. The only noun case where the primitive stem would be preserved would be possessive soronwa.

Cognates

• S. thoron “eagle” ✧ Let/427; SA/thoron; PE22/159

Derivations

• ✶thorono “eagle” ✧ Let/427
  • ᴹ√THOR(ON) “come swooping down”

Element in

• ᴺQ. sornion “eyrie”
• Q. Soronildi “Eorlingas”
• Q. Sorontar “King of Eagles” ✧ SA/thoron
• Q. Sorontil “Eagle-horn”
• Q. Soronto
• Q. Soronúmë “*Eagle of the West” ✧ SA/thoron

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶þorono > þorno > sorno	[tʰorono] > [tʰorno] > [θorno] > [sorno]	✧ Let/427

Variations

• sorno ✧ Let/427

ëa

eagle

ëa (3) "eagle" (LT1:251, LT2:338), a "Qenya" word apparently superseded by soron, sornë in Tolkien's later forms of Quenya.

ëaren

eagle

ëaren noun "eagle" or "eyrie" (LT1:251; this early "Qenya" word is evidently no more valid than ëa "eagle" in LotR-style Quenya.)

wilin

bird

wilin noun "bird" (LT1:273; if this "Qenya" word is to be used in LotR-style Quenya, it must not be confused with the 1st pers. aorist of the verb wil-.)

thoronath

noun. eagles

thorn

noun. eagle

thoron

noun. eagle

thoron

noun. eagle

The Sindarin word for “eagle”, derived from ✶thorono (Let/427).

Possible Etymology: The form of this word is difficult to explain. Since final nasals vanished after vowels, in the ordinary phonetic development of Sindarin it should have become thôr, a form that did appear as variant in the Etymologies (Ety/THOR, KIRIS). Tolkien himself suggested that the (Noldorin) word was a back-formation from the archaic genitive ON. thoronen (Ety/THOR). While this specific genitive form did not survive in (Old) Sindarin, there are plenty of other mechanisms that might result in such a back-formation in Sindarin. For example, David Salo suggested that it could be a back-formation from its plural ✱theryn (GS/291), perhaps also influenced by ancient names where it still appeared, such as Thorondor “King of Eagles”.

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s this word appeared as G. thorn (GL/73), which was also the usual form in names of this period. In Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s it reappeared as ᴱN. thorn (PE13/154), but in The Etymologies of the 1930s it appeared as N. thoron beside the variant thôr as noted above (Ety/THOR, KIRIS). The names of this period also began to reflect this change, and names after the 1940s consistently show thoron, though the form þorn did appear at least once in later notes (PE22/159).

Cognates

• Q. soron “eagle” ✧ Let/427; SA/thoron; PE22/159

Derivations

• ✶thorono “eagle” ✧ Let/427
  • ᴹ√THOR(ON) “come swooping down”

Element in

• S. Cirith Thoronath “Eagles’ Cleft” ✧ SA/thoron
• ᴺS. thorombar “eagle’s nest, eyrie”
• S. Thorondir “*Eagle-man”
• S. Thorondor “King of Eagles” ✧ Let/427; SA/thoron
• S. Thorongil “Eagle of the Star” ✧ Let/427

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶þorono > Thoron	[tʰorono] > [θorono] > [θoron]	✧ Let/427

Variations

• Thoron ✧ Let/427
• þorn ✧ PE22/159

thôr

noun. eagle

aew

noun. (small) bird

aewen

adjective. of birds

thoron

eagle

thoron, pl. theryn, coll. pl. thoronath. The sg. may also appear as thôr (with stem thoron-); thôr is also an adjective ”swooping, leaping down”. In ”Noldorin”, the pl. was therein (LR:392 s.v. THOR).

thoron

eagle

pl. theryn, coll. pl. thoronath. The sg. may also appear as thôr (with stem thoron-); thôr is also an adjective ”swooping, leaping down”. In ”Noldorin”, the pl. was therein (LR:392 s.v. THOR).

aew

bird

(small bird) 1) aew. No distinct pl. form. 2) fileg, pl. filig; the form filigod appears as an alternative singular. or

aew

bird

. No distinct pl. form.

roval

great wing

(pinion, wing), pl. rovail (idh rovail). – Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” *rhoval* pl. *rhovel*.

aewen

of birds

pl. aewin.

fileg

bird

pl. filig; the form filigod appears as an alternative singular.

emlinn

yellowhammer

(= "yellow singer"); no distinct pl. form. Also emelin, no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. emelinnath. Adj.

narak

noun. eagle

A noun attested only in the plural subjective form Narīka “eagles” (SD/251). This formation is peculiar, because it seems to be a neuter subjective form, but the names of animals are generally common-nouns, as pointed out by Andreas Moehn (EotAL/NAR’K). If it were declined as a common noun, the subjective plural should be ✱narkim: compare Nimir “Elf” whose subjective plural form is nimrim (SD/436). Perhaps when Narīka was written, Tolkien had not finished working out the Adûnaic gender and case system.

Element in

• Ad. narîka ’nBâri ’nAdûn yanâkhim “The Eagles of the Lords of the West are at hand” ✧ SD/251

thorono

noun. eagle

Derivations

• ᴹ√THOR(ON) “come swooping down”

Derivatives

• Q. soron “eagle” ✧ Let/427
• S. thoron “eagle” ✧ Let/427

Element in

• S. Arathorn “Steadfast King” ✧ Let/427

Variations

• þorono ✧ Let/427

thoron

noun. eagle

thoron

noun. eagle

Cognates

• ᴹQ. soron “eagle” ✧ Ety/THOR; Ety/THOR

Derivations

• ᴹ√THOR(ON) “come swooping down” ✧ Ety/THOR
• On. thoron “eagle” ✧ Ety/THOR
  • ᴹ√THOR(ON) “come swooping down” ✧ Ety/THOR

Element in

• N. Amon Thorn
• N. Cilthorondor “*Eagle Cleft Land” ✧ Ety/THOR
• N. Cristhorn “Eagle’s Cleft” ✧ Ety/KIRIS
• N. Elthoron “Eagle of the Sky” ✧ Ety/THOR
• N. Thorondor “King of Eagles” ✧ Ety/THOR

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√THÓRON > thôr	[tʰoron] > [θoron] > [θoro] > [θor] > [θōr]	✧ Ety/THOR
ᴹ√THÓRON > therein	[tʰoroni] > [θoroni] > [θœrœni] > [θœrœin] > [θerein]	✧ Ety/THOR

Variations

• thôr ✧ Ety/KIRIS; Ety/THOR

thôr

noun. eagle

thôr

noun. eagle

aew

noun. (small) bird

emlin

noun. yellow bird, "yellow hammer"

fileg

noun. small bird

emelin

noun. yellow bird, "yellow hammer"

emmelin

noun. yellow bird, "yellow hammer"

filigod

noun. small bird