minno

verb. imp

v. imp. of minna- enter. Pedo mellon a minno! 'Say friend and enter'. >> minna-

minno

verb. enter! (lit. to the inside!)

minna-

verb. to enter, go in

A Sindarin verb for “go in, enter” based on the root √MI “in” (PE17/41), most notably appearing in its imperative form minno in the phrase on the gate to Moria: pedo mellon a minno “speak, friend, and enter” (LotR/305).

Conceptual Development: The imperative (or possibly Noldorin-style infinitive) form N. minno “enter” appeared in a hastily-added note to The Etymologies of the 1930s for the root ᴹ√MĪ/IMI “in?” (MĪ/IMI). This note may have been added later, as Tolkien was working on The Lord of the Rings in the 1940s. The phrase N. pedo mellon a minno already had its final form in the first drawing of the Moria Gate from Lord of the Rings drafts of the 1940s (TI/182).

minna-

verb. to enter

minna

enter

1) minna- (i vinna, i minnar), 2) neledh- (i neledh, i neledhir) (go in)

minna

enter

(i vinna, i minnar)

pedo

verb. imp

v. imp. of ped- say. Pedo mellon a minno! 'Say friend and enter'. >> ped-

avgaro

prefix. imp

pref. & v. imp. do not do it!

cuio

verb. imp

v. imp. live. Cuio i Pheriain anann 'May the Halflings live long'.

edro

verb. imp

v. imp. of edra-open. annon edhellen edro hi ammen! 'Elvish gate open now for us'. >> edra-

eglerio

verb. imp

v. imp. glorify.

lasto

imp

v. imp. of lasta-give ear, listen. fennas nogothrim lasto beth lammen 'doorway of the Dwarf-folk listen to the words of my tongue'. >> lasta-

main

ordinal. first, (only in the sense of) prime, chief, pre-eminent

mein

ordinal. first, (only in the sense of) prime, chief, pre-eminent

mein

ordinal. first

minui

ordinal. first

minui

ordinal. first

ned

noun. first, *one more; first; *during

This word replaced the preposition uin “of the” in the third version of the King’s Letter, appearing in the phrase nelchaenen ned Echuir “the thirty-first day of Stirring”. Both Carl Hostetter (VT31/30) and David Salo (SG/229) theorized that this replacement has a similar prepositional function, from either √NOT “count” or √NED “middle”. Fiona Jallings suggested it might be a temporal preposition, with sense “during” (FJNS/349).

On VT47/40, note 67, Patrick Wynne suggested that this word might be a cognate of the newly published Quenya word net(ë) “one more”. This theory is supported by the most likely interpretation of nelchaenen. This word seems to mean “thirtieth” rather than “thirty-first”, and Patrick Wynne suggested that nelchaenen ned means “thirtieth and one more” = “thirty-first”. I find this theory the most compelling, and use it here.

tíro

verb. imp

_ v. imp. _look. >> tíria, tirith

erui

first

(single, alone). No distinct pl. form. Some would argue that Tolkien abandoned erui as a word for ”first”.

minui

first

1) minui (lenited vinui; no distinct pl. form), 2) mîn (lenited vîn; no distinct pl. form) (isolated, towering). Note: homophones include the noun ”peak” and the number ”one”; 3) erui (single, alone). No distinct pl. form. Some would argue that Tolkien abandoned erui as a word for ”first”.

minui

first

(lenited vinui; no distinct pl. form)

mîn

first

(lenited vîn; no distinct pl. form) (isolated, towering). Note: homophones include the noun ”peak” and the number ”one”

neledh

enter

(i neledh, i neledhir) (go in)

minna-

verb. to enter

edhen

adjective. first

ereg

place name. First

Earlier name for the river S. Erui from Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, apparently a Noldorin word meaning ereg “first” (TI/312, WR/436).

ereg

adjective. first

neledh-

verb. to enter

Hammond and Scull apparently understand this word as a derivative of neledh "three", hence their translation neledh neledhi "three by three". However, we have shown in Hiswelókë (third issue, pp. 74-78) that this word is conceivably a verb derived from LED "to go". The prefix ne- also occurs in nestegi "to insert, stick in"

Minnónar

first-born

Minnónar pl. noun "First-born", Elves (as contrasted to Apanónar, the After-born, Men). Sg. #Minnóna (WJ:403)

minnónar

collective name. First-born

A name for the Elves as the first-born children of Ilúvatar, in contrast to Apanónar “After-born” as a name for Men (WJ/403). It is a compound of minya “first” and the plural form of the adjective nóna “born”.

Conceptual Development: The similar but rejected terms ᴹQ. Estanosse “Firstborn” and ᴹQ. Esselda “✱First-elves” appear in The Etymologies (Ety/ESE, EtyAC/ESE).

esta

first

esta (2) adj. "first" (ESE/ESET); this entry was marked with a query. The word Yestarë (q.v.) "Beginning-day" in LotR suggests that Tolkien decided to change the stem in question to _YESE/YESET_. We could then read *yesta for esta (but later this became a noun "beginning" rather than an adj. "first", PE17:120) and also prefix a y to the other words derived from ESE/ESET (essë* > yessë, essëa > yessëa). Estanossë noun "the firstborn", read likewise Yestanossë** (*Yestanessi?) but in a later text, Tolkien used Minnónar (q.v.) for "the Firstborn" as a name of the Elves, and this form may be preferred. _(In the Etymologies as printed in LR, the word _Estanossë is cited as "Estanesse", but according to VT45:12, the second-to-last vowel is actually o in Tolkien's manuscript.)

enna

first

[enna adj. "first" (VT45:12)]

inga

first

inga (2) adj. "first" (ING)

minya

first

minya adj. "first" (MINI) (cf. Minyatur, Minyon); "eminent, prominent" (VT42:24, 25). Minyar "Firsts", the original name of the Vanyar (or rather the direct Quenya descendant of the original Primitive Quendian name) (WJ:380)

setta

first

[setta, setya adj. "first" (possibly also "primary", but Tolkien's gloss was not certainly legible) (VT46:13)]

minya

ordinal. first

minya

ordinal. first