#sil-cal- ("k") vb. "to shine" (silver and gold) < "Qenya" sílankálan *"they shine (silver and gold)" (VT27:20, 27); cf. sil-, cal-, q.v.
Quenya
sil-
shine
sil-
to shine
sil-
verb. to shine (white)
Cognates
Derivations
- √SIL “shine (white or silver)” ✧ Let/425
Element in
- Q. elen síla lúmenn’ omentielvo “a star shines on the hour of our meeting” ✧ Let/265; Let/425; LotR/0081; PE17/013; WJ/367
- Q. nai elen atta siluvat aurenna veryanwesto “*may two stars shine upon the day of your wedding” ✧ VT49/45; VT49/45
- Q. nai elen siluva lyenna “*may a star shine upon you” ✧ VT49/39
- Q. nai elen siluva parma-restalyanna meldonya “*may a star shine upon your book-fair, my friend” ✧ VT49/39
- Q. sisíla- “to shine (frequentative)” ✧ MC/223
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √SIL > síla [sil-] ✧ Let/425
sil-
verb. shine (white)
sisíla-
frequentative
sisíla- is said to be the "frequentative" form of sil- (MC:223); the participle sisílala in Markirya is simply translated "shining".
cal-
shine
#cal- vb. "shine", future tense caluva ("k") "shall shine" _(UT:22 cf. 51). Compare also early "Qenya" cala- ("k")"shine" (LT1:254)_. It is possible that the verbal stem should have a final -a in later Quenya as well, since this vowel would not appear in the future tense caluva (compare valuvar as the pl. future tense of vala-, WJ:404).
cal-
verb. to shine
Cognates
- S. cal- “to shine”
Derivations
- √KAL “light; shine, be bright, light; shine, be bright, [ᴱ√] shine golden”
Element in
- Q. Anar caluva tielyanna “The sun shall shine upon your path” ✧ UT/022
- Q. calima “bright, luminous”
- Q. calina “light, bright, sunny, (lit.) illumined”
- ᴺQ. nancal- “to reflect, (lit.) shine back”
accal(a)-
verb. shine
shine (suddenly and) brilliantly, blaze
calta-
shine
calta- ("k")vb. "shine" (KAL)
untúpa
down-roofs
untúpa vb. "down-roofs" = covers (perhaps for *undutúpa-, cf. undu-). Present tense of untup- with lengthening of the stem vowel and the suffix -a (cf. síla "shines" from sil-)
sil- vb. "shine" (white), present tense síla "shines, is shining" (FG); aorist silë, pl. silir (RS:324), frequentative sisíla- (Markirya comments), future tense siluva (VT49:38), dual future siluvat (VT49:44, 45)