sír

river

sír noun "river", shorter form of sirë (PE17:65, VT49:17)

sindi

river

sindi noun "river" (LT1:265; rather sírë in LotR-style Quenya)

sirya

river

#sirya noun "river", attested in the dual form siryat (VT47:11). Compare sírë.

sírë

river

sírë noun "river" (SIR, VT46:13), "stream" (LT1:265). Also short form sír, q.v.Compare #sirya.

sír(ë)

noun. river, river, [ᴱQ.] stream

The most common Quenya word for “river”, derived from the root √SIR “flow”.

Conceptual Development: This word first appeared as ᴱQ. sīre “stream” as a derivative of ᴱ√SIŘI [SIÐI] (QL/84), and this form and gloss also appeared in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/84). The form ᴹQ. siri- “river” appeared in the Declension of Nouns (DN) from the early 1930s, along with uninflected sire with short i and various inflected forms with siry- (PE21/10). The form sīre “river” with long ī appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s as a derivative of ᴹ√SIR “flow” (Ety/SIR; EtyAC/SIR). In several notes from the mid-1960s, it appeared in monosyllabic form sír (PE17/65) or sīr (VT49/17), but it had dual form siryat from the late 1960s implying a stem form of sirĭ- and a development similar to that of DN from the early 1930s (VT47/11).

Neo-Eldarin: Its form síre is probably better known and more commonly used in Neo-Quenya. For example this is the typical form in Helge Fauskanger’s NQNT (NQNT).

Cognates

• S. sîr “river, stream”

Derivations

• √SIR “flow”

Element in

• ᴺQ. anasirë “tributary”
• Q. caitas lá i sír “it is beyond the river” ✧ PE17/065
• Q. caitas palla i sír “it is far beyond the river” ✧ PE17/065
• Q. imbë siryat “between two rivers” ✧ VT47/11
• ᴺQ. lantasírë “waterfall, (lit.) falling river”
• Q. lendes lann’ i sír “he came (to a point) beyond the river” ✧ PE17/065
• Q. lendes pallan(na) i sír “he came (to a point) far beyond the river” ✧ PE17/065
• Q. Siril

Variations

• sír ✧ PE17/065
• sīr ✧ VT49/17

celusindi

river

celusindi _("k")_noun "river" (LT1:257; hardly a valid word in Tolkien's later Quenya, where the terms sírë and sirya appear instead)

nen

river

nen noun "river" (LT1:248), "river, water" (LT1:262) (In Tolkien's later Quenya, nén with a long vowel means "water", but hardly "river" - that is sírë.)

nuinë

suffix. river

Element in

• ᴺQ. nuinerocco “hippopotamus, (lit.) river-horse”

hlóna

river, especially given to those at all seasons full of water from mountains

[hlóna (2) noun "a river, especially given to those at all seasons full of water from mountains" (VT48:27; the word is marked with a query and the note containing it rejected; it was apparently replaced by lón, q.v.)]

sirion

noun. the great river

sîr (“river”) + on (augmentative suffix) #Another possible interpretation: “the land of the waters” where ion is archaic pl. genitive suffix.

sirion

place name. properly 'the Vale or lands about the River Síre' or 'the Great Stream'

_ topon. _properly 'the Vale or lands about the River Síre' or 'the Great Stream'. >> -ion

sirion

place name. Great River

The Great River of Beleriand (S/120), a combination of sîr “river” and the adjective iaun “wide”, reduced to its suffixal form -ion also seen in the names of lands (PE17/42).

Conceptual Development: This river was named G. Sirion in the earliest Lost Tales (LT1/238) and was explained as an archaic word for “river” in the Gnomish Lexicon (GL/67). The name N. Sirion appeared in The Etymologies from the 1930s as an elaboration of N. sîr (Ety/SIR). The derivation given above appeared in Tolkien’s Words, Phrases and Passages from the Lord of the Rings from the late 1950s or early 1960s (PE17/42). In an early name list its Qenya equivalent was given as ᴱQ. Sirion as well (PE13/102).

Derivations

• ✶siriānā “Sirion” ✧ PE17/042

Element in

• Q. Siriondil “*Sirion-lover”
• S. Eithel Sirion “Well of Sirion”
• S. Tol Sirion “*Island of Sirion”

Elements

Word	Gloss
sîr	“river, stream”
iaun	“wide, extensive, large, roomy, vast, huge”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶siriānā > Sirion	[siriānā] > [siriāna] > [siriǭna] > [siriauna] > [siriaun] > [sirion]	✧ PE17/042

sîr

noun. river

duin

noun. (long and large) river (having strong current)

sirion

Sirion

Sirion is a Sindarin/Noldorin name which contains the element sîr. Depending on the meaning of the second element, the name could either mean "great river" or "land of waters" (-ion as augmentative suffix or archaic plural genitive suffix). Its name in Khuzdul was Gabilān, with the element Gabil - "Great".

sirion

great river

(i** hirion, o sirion), pl. siryn (i** siryn).

sirion

great river

sirion (i hirion, o sirion), pl. siryn (i siryn).

tirion

great watchtower

(i** dirion, o thirion), pl. tiryn (i** thiryn).

sîr

river

1) (also = rill) sîr (i hîr, o sîr), in compounds sir- or -hir or -hír; no distinct pl. form except with article (i sîr), coll. pl. siriath. Note: sîr is also the adverb ”today”. 2) celon (i gelon, o chelon), pl. celyn (pl. i chelyn), 3) The word lind ”singer” may also be used of rivers (see . (WJ.309).

sîr

river

(i hîr, o sîr), in compounds sir- or -hir or -hír; no distinct pl. form except with article (i sîr), coll. pl. siriath. Note: sîr is also the adverb ”today”.

aearon

great ocean

also Gaearon (i** ’Aearon), pl. Gaearyn (i** Ngaearyn = *i Ñaearyn). Also short form Gaeron (i** ‘Aeron), pl. Gaeryn (i** Ngaeryn = i Ñaeryn*). Coll. pl. Gaearonnath, Gaeronnath.

ardhon

great province

(great region, world), pl. erdhyn, coll. pl. ardhonnath.

duin

river

(long, large river with strong current) duin (i dhuin), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nuin) (VT48:24)

duin

large river

(i dhuin), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nuin), coll. pl. duinath (Names:179, PM:54); compare the river-name Anduin, ”long river”.

gond

great stone

(i ’ond, construct gon) (rock), pl. gynd (i ngynd = i ñynd), coll. pl. gonnath (Letters:410).

lind

river

”singer” may also be used of rivers (see

celon

river

(i gelon, o chelon), pl. celyn (pl. i chelyn)

ethir

of a river

(estuary), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. ethiriath. Note: a homophone means "spy".

roval

great wing

(pinion, wing), pl. rovail (idh rovail); this is a suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” *rhoval* pl. *rhovel*.

taur

great wood

(i daur, o thaur) (forest), pl. toer (i thoer), coll. pl. torath. Note: homophones mean ”king (of a people)” and also ”lofty, high, sublime, noble” etc.

goe

great fear

goe (i **oe) (terror), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ngoe** = i ñoe);

lae

great number

(no distinct pl. form) (VT45:27), also rim (crowd, host), no distinct pl. form except with article (idh** rim), coll. pl. rimmath**. Note: a homophone means ”cold pool or lake”.

thamas

great hall

pl. themais, coll. pl. thamassath.

daedhelos

great fear/dread

(i** naedhelos, o ndaedhelos), pl. daedhelys (i** ndaedhelys). Coll. pl. daedhelossath. A side-form ends in -oth instead of -os. The word appears in the mutated form "ndaedelos" in LotR Appendix F, but since the second element must be delos "abhorrence" and it would surely be lenited following a vowel, this would seem to be one of the cases where Tolkien wrote d even though dh would be technically correct.

daedhelos

great fear

daedhelos (i naedhelos, o ndaedhelos), pl. daedhelys (i ndaedhelys). Coll. pl. daedhelossath. A side-form ends in -oth instead of -os. The word appears in the mutated form "ndae<u>d</u>elos" in LotR Appendix F, but since the second element must be delos "abhorrence" and it would surely be lenited following a vowel, this would seem to be one of the cases where Tolkien wrote d even though dh would be technically correct. Another term for GREAT FEAR is goe (i **oe) (terror), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ngoe** = i ñoe).

gabilân

place name. Great River

Cognates

• S. Gelion ✧ WJI/Gevelon

Derivatives

• S. Gelion ✧ NM/311; WJ/336; WJI/Gevelon

Elements

Word	Gloss
gabil	“great”
-n	“-one”

Variations

• Gabilān ✧ NM/311; WJ/336; WJI/Gabilān; WJI/Gevelon

siriānā

place name. Sirion

Derivatives

• S. Sirion “Great River” ✧ PE17/042

sirion

noun. great river

sirion

place name. Sirion

Element in

• N. Eges-hirion “Mouths of Sirion” ✧ LR/407
• N. Eithel Sirion “Sirion’s Well”
• N. Siriombar “Sirion’s Haven”
• N. Tolsirion

sîr

noun. river

sîr

noun. river

Cognates

• ᴹQ. síre “river” ✧ Ety/SIR

Derivations

• On. sīre “river” ✧ Ety/SIR
  • ᴹ√SIR “flow” ✧ Ety/SIR

Element in

• N. Beleghir “Great River”
• N. Calenhir “*Green River”
• N. Narosîr “Redway”
• N. Nanduhiriath “Dimrill-dale” ✧ RS/433
• N. Ossiriand “Land of Seven Rivers”
• N. Sirannon “Gate-stream”
• N. Sirion ✧ Ety/SIR

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
On. sīre > sîr	[sīre] > [sīr]	✧ Ety/SIR

duirro

noun. river-bank

celon

noun. river

beleghir

place name. Great River

Precursor to the river name Anduin appearing in the Lord of the Rings from the 1940s (RS/410), a combination of beleg “great” and the lenited form of sîr “river”.

Changes

• Beleghir → Anduin “Great River” ✧ RS/410

Elements

Word	Gloss
beleg	“great, large”
sîr	“river”

anduin

place name. Great River

Changes

• Andon → Anduin ✧ TI/298

Element in

• N. Ethir-anduin

Elements

Word	Gloss
ann	“long”
duin	“water, river”

Variations

• Andon ✧ TI/298; TII/Anduin