Quenya 

harma

wolf

[harma (2) noun "wolf" (3ARAM). The gloss "hound" was inserted, but then deleted (VT45:17)]

narmo

wolf

narmo ("ñ")noun "wolf" (ÑGAR(A)M; both the old form ñarmo = *ngarmo and the Third Age form narmo are given). Another word for "wolf" is ráca.

nauro

noun. wolf

wolf, werewolf of Morgoth

Quenya [PE 19:106] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

ráca

wolf

ráca ("k") noun "wolf" (DARÁK). Another word for "wolf" is narmo.

ango

noun. dragon

Quenya [PE 22:124] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

lócë

dragon, snake, serpent, drake

lócë ("k")noun "dragon, snake, serpent, drake", older hlócë _("k")(SA:lok-, LT2:340, LOK; in the Etymologies the word is followed by "-ī", whatever that is supposed to mean)_

angulócë

dragon

angulócë noun("k") "dragon" (LOK)

fenumë

dragon

fenumë noun "dragon" (LT2:341 but lócë is the normal word in LotR-style Quenya)

Sindarin 

draug

noun. wolf

Sindarin [Ety/354, S/430] Group: SINDICT. Published by

draug

noun. wolf

A noun for “wolf”, most notably appearing as an element in the name of the great werewolf S. Draugluin. In The Etymologies of the 1930s, N. draug “wolf” was derived from the root ᴹ√DARAK (Ety/DARÁK).

Element in

  • S. Draugluin “*Blue (Were)wolf” ✧ SA/draug
Sindarin [SA/draug] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gaurwaith

noun. wolf-men

Sindarin [UT/85, UT/90] gaur+gwaith. Group: SINDICT. Published by

limlug

noun. fish-dragon, sea-serpent

Sindarin [Ety/370, X/LH] lim+lhûg. Group: SINDICT. Published by

draug

wolf

1) draug (i dhraug), pl. droeg (in droeg), coll. pl. drogath; 2) garaf (i ngaraf = i ñaraf, o n**garaf = o ñgaraf), pl. geraif (in geraif = i ñgeraif), coll. pl. garavath**, 3)

draug

wolf

(i dhraug), pl. droeg (in droeg), coll. pl. drogath

garaf

wolf

(i ngaraf = i ñaraf, o n’garaf = o ñgaraf), pl. geraif (in geraif = i ñgeraif), coll. pl. garavath

gaur

wolf

(i ngaur = i ñaur), pl. goer (in goer = i ñgoer), coll. pl. gaurhoth (attested in lenited form: i ngaurhoth = i ñaurhoth).

lhûg

dragon

lhûg (construct lhug; with article ?i thlûg or ?i lûg the lenition product of lh is uncertain) (snake, serpent), pl. lhuig (?i luig), also amlug (pl. emlyg).

lhûg

dragon

(construct lhug; with article ?i thlûg or ?i lûg – the lenition product of lh is uncertain) (snake, serpent), pl. lhuig (?i luig), also amlug (pl. emlyg).

limlug

fish-dragon

(sea serpent), pl. limlyg

Primitive elvish

ñgūr

noun. wolf

Element in

Primitive elvish [PE21/82] Group: Eldamo. Published by

phawalōkō

noun. dragon

Derivatives

Elements

WordGloss
phawa
(s)lōkō“reptile, snake, worm”
Primitive elvish [PE17/181] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

draug

noun. wolf

Noldorin [Ety/354, S/430] Group: SINDICT. Published by

draug

noun. wolf

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. ráka “wolf” ✧ Ety/DARÁK

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶d’rāk ✧ Ety/DARÁK
    • ᴹ√DARAK “*wolf” ✧ Ety/DARÁK

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶d’rāk > draug[darā́ka] > [drāka] > [drǭka] > [drouka] > [drauka] > [drauk] > [draug]✧ Ety/DARÁK
Noldorin [Ety/DARÁK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

garaf

noun. wolf

Noldorin [Ety/377] Group: SINDICT. Published by

garaf

noun. wolf

A noun for “wolf” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√ÑGARAM (Ety/ÑGAR(A)M).

Conceptual Development: This word seems to have replaced N. araf or aram derived from the rejected root ᴹ√ƷARAM with various glosses like “wolf” or (small or swift) “dog” (Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAM). This in turn may be a later iteration of G. harog or harw “wolf” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s with feminine variant G. harach “a she-wolf” (GL/48).

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. narmo “wolf” ✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ÑGARAM “*wolf” ✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ÑGAR(A)M > garaf[ŋgaramo] > [garamo] > [garam] > [garav]✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M
Noldorin [Ety/ÑGAR(A)M] Group: Eldamo. Published by

araf

noun. wolf, dog

Changes

  • aram → araf “swift dog, wolf, small dog” ✧ EtyAC/ƷARAM
  • araf → araf “dog” ✧ EtyAC/ƷARAM

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. harma “wolf, hound” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAM

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ÑGARAM “*wolf” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ƷARAM > araf[ɣaramā] > [aramā] > [arama] > [aram] > [arav]✧ Ety/ƷARAM

Variations

  • aram ✧ EtyAC/ƷARAM (aram)
Noldorin [Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAM] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gaul

noun. wolf-howl

Noldorin [Ety/377] Group: SINDICT. Published by

amlug

noun. dragon

Noldorin [Ety/349, Ety/370] Group: SINDICT. Published by

amlug

noun. dragon

Cognates

Elements

WordGloss
am-“snake”
lhûg“dragon”
Noldorin [Ety/ANGWA; Ety/LOK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhûg

noun. dragon

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. lóke “dragon” ✧ Ety/LOK

Derivations

  • ᴹ√LOK “great serpent, dragon” ✧ Ety/LOK

Element in

  • N. amlug “dragon” ✧ Ety/LOK
  • N. lhimlug “fish-dragon, sea-serpent” ✧ Ety/LOK

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√LOK > lhûg[lōke] > [lūke] > [lūk] > [l̥ūk] > [l̥ūg]✧ Ety/LOK

lhimlug

noun. fish-dragon, sea-serpent

Noldorin [Ety/370, X/LH] lim+lhûg. Group: SINDICT. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

narmo

noun. wolf

A noun for “wolf” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√ÑGARAM (Ety/ÑGAR(A)M), apparently a variant of ᴹ√ÑGAW “howl”. It seems narmo is a word for an ordinary wolf, as opposed to nauro “werewolf”.

Conceptual Development: A similar (but rejected) form ᴹQ. harma “wolf” appeared under the deleted root ᴹ√ƷARAM (Ety/ƷARAM).

Cognates

  • Ilk. garm “wolf” ✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M
  • N. garaf “wolf” ✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ÑGARAM “*wolf” ✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M

Element in

  • ᴺQ. nengarmo “otter, (lit.) water-wolf”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ÑGAR(A)M > ñarmo > narmo[ŋgaramo] > [ŋgarmo] > [ŋarmo] > [narmo]✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M
Qenya [Ety/ÑGAR(A)M] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ráka

noun. wolf

A noun for “wolf” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶d’rāk under the root ᴹ√DARAK (Ety/DARÁK), where the ancient initial dr became r as usual for Quenya (PE19/37).

Conceptual Development: Earlier words for “wolf” of similar form include ᴱQ. ulku and feminine ᴱQ. ulqi “she-wolf” appearing in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√ULUKU (QL/97).

Cognates

  • N. draug “wolf” ✧ Ety/DARÁK
  • Ilk. drôg “wolf” ✧ Ety/DARÁK

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶d’rāk ✧ Ety/DARÁK
    • ᴹ√DARAK “*wolf” ✧ Ety/DARÁK

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶d’rāk > ráka[drāka] > [rāka]✧ Ety/DARÁK

harma

noun. wolf, hound

Changes

  • harma → harma “wolf, hound” ✧ EtyAC/ƷARAM

Cognates

  • Ilk. garm “wolf” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAM
  • N. araf “wolf, dog” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAM
  • Dan. garma “wolf” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAM

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ÑGARAM “*wolf” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAM

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ƷARAM > harma[ɣarama] > [ɣarma] > [harma]✧ Ety/ƷARAM
ᴹ√ƷÁRAM > harma[ɣarama] > [ɣarma] > [harma]✧ EtyAC/ƷARAM

Variations

  • harma ✧ Ety/ƷARAM (harma); EtyAC/ƷARAM (harma); EtyAC/ƷARAM (harma)
Qenya [Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAM] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lungu

noun. dragon

Derivations

  • ᴹ√LOK “great serpent, dragon”

lóke

noun. dragon

Cognates

  • N. lhûg “dragon” ✧ Ety/LOK

Derivations

  • ᴹ√LOK “great serpent, dragon” ✧ Ety/LOK

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√LOK > lóke[lōke]✧ Ety/LOK

angulóke

noun. dragon

Cognates

  • N. amlug “dragon” ✧ Ety/LOK

Element in

Elements

WordGloss
ango“snake, dragon”
lóke“dragon”

Doriathrin

drôg

noun. wolf

A Doriathrin noun meaning “wolf” derived from the primitive form ᴹ✶d’rāk (Ety/DARÁK), probably from older ✱✶darākă. The accent mark in the root ᴹ√DARÁK indicated that the first syllable was unstressed, so that the [[ilk|initial [dar-] became [dr-]]]. Thereafter the [[ilk|long [ā], became [ō]]] and the [[ilk|voiceless stop [k] voiced to [g] after the vowel]].

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. ráka “wolf” ✧ Ety/DARÁK

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶d’rāk ✧ Ety/DARÁK
    • ᴹ√DARAK “*wolf” ✧ Ety/DARÁK

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶d’rāk > drôg[darā́k] > [drā́k] > [drṓk] > [drṓg]✧ Ety/DARÁK
Doriathrin [Ety/DARÁK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

garm

noun. wolf

A Doriathrin noun for “wolf” derived from the root ᴹ√ÑGAR(A)M (Ety/ÑGARAM), probably from a primitive form ✱✶ŋgaramō given its Quenya and Noldorin cognates ᴹQ. narmo and N. garaf (as suggested by Helge Fauskanger, AL-Doriathrin/garm). If so, the second a was lost due to the Ilkorin Syncope, and the [[ilk|the initial [ŋg-] simplified to [g-]]]. The initial syllable of the primitive form was probably stressed, since the [[ilk|initial [ŋgar-] did not simplify to [ŋgr-]]].

Conceptual Development: An earlier version of this entry had the root ᴹ√ƷARAM, but this produced the same form Dor. garm in Doriathrin [Ilkorin] since [[ilk|initial [ɣ] became [g]]].

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. narmo “wolf” ✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M
  • ᴹQ. harma “wolf, hound” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAM

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ÑGARAM “*wolf” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM; Ety/ÑGAR(A)M; EtyAC/ƷARAM

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ƷARAM > garm[ɣaramā] > [ɣarama] > [ɣarma] > [garma] > [garm]✧ Ety/ƷARAM
ᴹ√ÑGAR(A)M > garm[ŋgaramō] > [ŋgaramo] > [ŋgarmo] > [ŋgarm] > [garm]✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M
Doriathrin [Ety/ƷARAM; Ety/ÑGAR(A)M; EtyAC/ƷARAM] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Ossriandric

garma

noun. wolf

A (rejected) noun for “wolf” developed from the (rejected) root ᴹ√ƷARAM (Ety/ÑGARAM), most likely from primitive ✱✶ʒaramā [ɣaramā] given its cognates. It is an example of the Danian syncope, with second unstressed [a] vanishing after the identical vowel. It is also one of the Danian words for which a long final vowel developed into short final [a]. Finally, it provides an example of how [[dan|[ɣ] became [g]]] in Danian.

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. harma “wolf, hound” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAM

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ÑGARAM “*wolf” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAM

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ƷARAM > garma[ɣaramā] > [garamā] > [garmā] > [garma]✧ Ety/ƷARAM
Ossriandric [Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAM] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

darak

root. *wolf

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s with derivatives ᴹQ. ráka/N. draug “wolf” (Ety/DARÁK), the latter an element in the name N. Draugluin “[Blue] Werewolf” (LR/134), originally “Werewolf Pale” (LB/205). The continued appearance of this name in later versions of the Silmarillion imply the continued validity of this root.

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶d’rāk ✧ Ety/DARÁK
    • Ilk. drôg “wolf” ✧ Ety/DARÁK
    • ᴹQ. ráka “wolf” ✧ Ety/DARÁK
    • N. draug “wolf” ✧ Ety/DARÁK

Variations

  • DARÁK ✧ Ety/DARÁK
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/DARÁK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ñgaram

root. *wolf

An unglossed root in The Etymologies of the 1930s with various derivative “wolf” words like ᴹQ. narmo and N. garaf (Ety/ÑGAR(A)M). It replaced a rejected root ᴹ√ƷARAM of the same meaning (Ety/ƷARAM). Unlike other wolf words, this root seems to be more neutral, without the “evil” connotations of words like S. gaur “werewolf”.

Derivatives

  • Ilk. garm “wolf” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM; Ety/ÑGAR(A)M; EtyAC/ƷARAM
  • Dan. garma “wolf” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAM
  • ᴹQ. narmo “wolf” ✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M
  • ᴹQ. harma “wolf, hound” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAM
  • N. garaf “wolf” ✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M
  • N. araf “wolf, dog” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM

Variations

  • ƷARAM ✧ Ety/ƷARAM (ƷARAM)
  • ÑGAR(A)M ✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M
  • ƷÁRAM ✧ EtyAC/ƷARAM (ƷÁRAM)
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/ƷARAM; Ety/ÑGAR(A)M; EtyAC/ƷARAM] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

harog

noun. wolf

Derivations

Variations

  • harw ✧ GL/48; GL/75
Gnomish [GL/48; GL/75] Group: Eldamo. Published by

harw

noun. wolf

ulug

noun. wolf

urc

noun. wolf

A noun for “wolf” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/75), likely related to ᴱQ. ulku “wolf” from the contemporaneous Qenya Lexicon derived from the early root ᴱ√ULUKU (QL/97). In the Qenya Lexicon Tolkien gave the Gnomish form as ulug, but in the Gnomish Lexicon the gloss of G. ulug was changed {“wolf” >>} “dragon” (GL/74).

Changes

  • ulug → ulug “wolf” ✧ GL/74
  • ulug → ulug “wolf” ✧ LT2A/Foalókë

Cognates

  • Eq. ulku “wolf” ✧ QL/097

Derivations

Element in

  • G. fuithlug “dragon (who guards treasure)” ✧ LT2A/Foalókë (fûlug)

Variations

  • ulug ✧ GL/74 (ulug); LT2A/Foalókë (ulug); QL/097
Gnomish [GL/74; GL/75; LT2A/Foalókë; QL/097] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ulug

noun. dragon

Cognates

  • Eq. lóke “snake, dragon” ✧ GL/74

Derivations

  • ᴱ√LOKO “twine, twist, curl” ✧ LT2A/Foalókë

Element in

  • G. fuithlug “dragon (who guards treasure)” ✧ LT2A/Foalókë
  • G. uluch “she-dragon” ✧ GL/74

Variations

  • ulug ✧ GL/74; LT2A/Foalókë
Gnomish [GL/74; LT2A/Foalókë] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lingwir

noun. dragon

Cognates

Early Noldorin

cunn

noun. dragon

gunn

noun. dragon

Changes

  • gund → cunn “dragon” ✧ PE13/145
  • cunn → gunn ✧ PE13/162

Cognates

  • Eq. kondo “dragon” ✧ PE13/162; PE13/162

Element in

  • G. Glorund ✧ PE13/144
  • En. gonnas “dragon’s lair” ✧ PE13/141; PE13/162

Variations

  • cunn ✧ PE13/141; PE13/145; PE13/162 (cunn)
  • gund ✧ PE13/144 (gund); PE13/145 (gund); PE13/162 (gund)
Early Noldorin [PE13/141; PE13/144; PE13/145; PE13/162] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Primitive Elvish

uluku

root. wolf

A root in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “wolf”, with derivatives like ᴱQ. ulku and G. ulug of the same meaning (QL/97). In the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon Tolkien first gave G. ulug “wolf”, but this word’s gloss was revised to “dragon” as a cognate to ᴱQ. lōke (GL/74), and Tolkien added a new word G. urc “wolf” as an equivalent to harw. None of the later Elvish “wolf” words resemble either √ULUK- or √URUK-.

Derivatives

  • Eq. ulku “wolf” ✧ QL/097
  • Eq. ulqi “she-wolf” ✧ QL/097
  • G. urc “wolf”
Early Primitive Elvish [QL/097] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

ulku

noun. wolf

Cognates

  • G. urc “wolf” ✧ QL/097

Derivations

  • ᴱ√ULUKU “wolf” ✧ QL/097

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√ULUKU > ulku[ulukū] > [uluku] > [ulku]✧ QL/097
Early Quenya [QL/097] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kondo

noun. dragon

Cognates

  • En. gunn “dragon” ✧ PE13/162; PE13/162

Element in

  • Eq. kondasse “dragon’s lair” ✧ PE13/162
Early Quenya [PE13/162] Group: Eldamo. Published by

fenume

noun. dragon

Variations

  • fenumë ✧ LT2A/Glorund
  • Fenume ✧ QL/038
Early Quenya [LT2A/Glorund; QL/038] Group: Eldamo. Published by