Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Early Noldorin

am

adverb. up

Early Noldorin [PE13/137; PE13/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

amoth

noun. shoulder

A word appearing as ᴱN. amoth “shoulder” in Early Noldorin Word-lists of 1920s derived from ᴱ✶a-mbod-t’ (PE13/137, 159) and related to ᴱN. bost “back” (PE13/139). In these documents amoth was an element in the name ᴱN. Egallmoth “He of the Wide Shoulders” with an initial element of ᴱN. egall “very broad” (PE13/142, PE13/159).

In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, the name G. Egalmoth was glossed “Broad-back” and it contained G. alm “back, shoulders” from primitive ᴱ✶alđam- (GL/19), while in Gnomish Lexicon slips modifying this document, the word for “a shoulder” was G. {awlan >>} alan derived from ᴱ✶aldǝmā (PE13/109). These 1910s words were probably based on the early root ᴱ√ALA “spread”, from which ᴱQ. almo or aldamo “back, shoulders” was derived (QL/29).

In Tolkien’s later writings, S. Egalmoth was given an entirely new etymology as “Pointed Helm-crest” (WJ/318).

Neo-Sindarin: Despite the change in the meaning if Egalmoth, I think ᴺS. amoth “shoulder” can be retained for purposes of Neo-Sindarin, reconceived as a derivative of √AM “up” (< ✱ammots-) and perhaps originally an augmentative using the suffix -oth = “✱most up (part of the torso)”.

Early Noldorin [PE13/137; PE13/139; PE13/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

amrent

noun. lark

The word ᴱN. amrent or amrint “lark” appeared in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/137, 159), and the word amrint “lark” also appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon and Gnomish Lexicon Slips of the 1910s (GL/19; PE13/110), though in the Gnomish Lexicon the word was initially glossed “robin” (GL/19).

Possible Etymology: The etymology of this word isn’t entirely clear. When glossed “robin”, its initial element seems to have been G. am “breast” and hence probably = “red breast” with its second element a variant of G. crintha “rosy, pink”. When the word was changed to amrint “lark”, Tolkien marked this new entry with a “✱”, indicating it was part of its own derivational group rather than related to G. am “breast”. In the Gnomish Lexicon Slips Tolkien gave its primitive form as ᴱ✶ambarinþǝ (PE13/110) and in the Noldorin Dictionary of the 1920s Tolkien gaves its Qenya equivalent as ᴱQ. ambarin(d-). That document also had the new form ᴱN. amrent indicating some kind of a-affection. It is conceivable that the initial element might be ᴱ√AM(U) “up”, but that seems unlikely since the lark is a ground bird.

Neo-Sindarin: I would adapt ᴺS. amrent “lark” for purposes of Neo-Sindarin, and assume it is derived from ✱ambarint(h)a of now-obscure meaning.

Early Noldorin [PE13/137; PE13/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

am(b)

noun. breast

Early Noldorin [PE13/137] Group: Eldamo. Published by

am(m)arth

noun. fate

Early Noldorin [PE13/137; PE13/159; PE15/61] Group: Eldamo. Published by

amra-

verb. *to rise, *to rise; [G.] to go up and down, live in the mountains, wander

Early Noldorin [PE13/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

amvenn

adverb/adjective. uphill; arduous, difficult, tiresome

Early Noldorin [PE13/139; PE13/159; PE13/160] Group: Eldamo. Published by

amvinn

noun. slope, incline, hillside

Early Noldorin [PE13/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

am(b)red

adjective. fated

Early Noldorin [PE13/137; PE13/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

amon

noun. hill

Early Noldorin [PE13/137; PE13/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

amros

adjective. rising, soaring, lofty

Early Noldorin [PE13/137; PE13/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

amrost

noun. rising, (esp.) sunrise, rising, (esp.) sunrise, [G.] dawn

Early Noldorin [PE13/137; PE13/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

am(b)os

noun. breastplate

Early Noldorin [PE13/137] Group: Eldamo. Published by

amon gwareth

place name. Hill of Watching

Early Noldorin [SM/034] Group: Eldamo. Published by

amrint

noun. lark

amrosta-

verb. *to rise

amrost úr

sunrise

Early Noldorin [PE13/137; PE13/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

blador

noun. world

A word glossed “world” in Early Noldorin Wordlists of the 1920s, probably a variant of G. Bladorwen “Wide Earth, Mother Earth” as suggested by Gilson, Welden, Hostetter and Wynne (PE13/139).

Early Noldorin [PE13/139] Group: Eldamo. Published by

braith

?. [unglossed]

A verb appearing in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s as G. braitha- “wrap, swathe” based on G. brach “a shawl, plaid, wrap” (GL/23). The form ᴱN. braith also appeared in Early Noldorin word lists of the 1920s (PE13/139), but it was unglossed and whether it was related is unclear.

Neo-Sindarin: Since I retain ᴺS. brach “shawl, wrap”, I’d also keep this Gnomish verb as a derivative of the Neo-Root ᴺ√BARAK “wrap”, but updated to ᴺS. braetha- “to wrap, swathe” since ai became ae in Sindarin of the 1950s and 60s.

Early Noldorin [PE13/139] Group: Eldamo. Published by

bhraig

?. [unglossed]

A set of unglossed forms written next to ᴱN. braith (also unglossed) in Early Noldorin word lists of the 1920s (PE13/139), their meaning and etymology are unclear.

Early Noldorin [PE13/139] Group: Eldamo. Published by

adob

noun. building

Early Noldorin [PE13/132; PE13/136; PE13/158; PE13/165] Group: Eldamo. Published by

agos

adverb. very

Early Noldorin [PE13/124] Group: Eldamo. Published by

alch

noun. shield

Early Noldorin [PE13/136; PE13/158] Group: Eldamo. Published by

bailchir

noun. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/128] Group: Eldamo. Published by

cai

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/140] Group: Eldamo. Published by

delin

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/142] Group: Eldamo. Published by

fedhui

adjective. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/142; PE13/143] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gist-

verb. to know

Early Noldorin [PE13/144] Group: Eldamo. Published by

glaith

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/144] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gunn

noun. dragon

Early Noldorin [PE13/141; PE13/144; PE13/145; PE13/162] Group: Eldamo. Published by

han

noun. above

Early Noldorin [MC/217] Group: Eldamo. Published by

laus

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE15/64] Group: Eldamo. Published by

leus

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE15/64] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mad-

verb. to eat

Early Noldorin [PE13/127; PE13/128; PE13/129; PE13/131; PE13/132; PE13/163; PE13/164; PE13/165] Group: Eldamo. Published by

maitha-

verb. to ravish, to ravish; [G.] to rule, govern, wield control, hold

Early Noldorin [PE13/149; PE13/163] Group: Eldamo. Published by

maur

adjective. good

Early Noldorin [PE13/122; PE13/124; PE13/125; PE13/150] Group: Eldamo. Published by

orod

noun. mountain

Early Noldorin [MC/217] Group: Eldamo. Published by

pap-

verb. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/132] Group: Eldamo. Published by

pethil

noun. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/152] Group: Eldamo. Published by

rhosta-

verb. *to rise

Early Noldorin [PE13/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tain

noun. mountain

Early Noldorin [PE13/152; PE13/153] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ai-

prefix. [unglossed]

bhregint

?. [unglossed]

bhreigros

?. [unglossed]

blaithrod

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/139] Group: Eldamo. Published by

braithgair

noun. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/139] Group: Eldamo. Published by

caiad

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/140] Group: Eldamo. Published by

celin

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/140] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ciann

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/140] Group: Eldamo. Published by

cunn

noun. dragon

ei-

prefix. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/161] Group: Eldamo. Published by

farn

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/143] Group: Eldamo. Published by

flair

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/143] Group: Eldamo. Published by

flaith

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/143] Group: Eldamo. Published by

floth

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/143] Group: Eldamo. Published by

fraith

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/143] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gairuid

adjective. funny

Early Noldorin [PE13/141; PE13/143] Group: Eldamo. Published by

galad

noun. dawn

Early Noldorin [PE13/144] Group: Eldamo. Published by

geryd

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/144] Group: Eldamo. Published by

glaithfedhui

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/144] Group: Eldamo. Published by

glewin

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/144] Group: Eldamo. Published by

glich

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/144] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gol-

verb. to sing

Early Noldorin [PE13/145] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gwag

adjective. soft

Early Noldorin [PE13/146] Group: Eldamo. Published by

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/145] Group: Eldamo. Published by

harn

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/147] Group: Eldamo. Published by

adjective. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/125] Group: Eldamo. Published by

isteth

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/148] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhuaith

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/149; PE15/62] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhû

noun. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/149] Group: Eldamo. Published by

luaith

?. [unglossed]

môr

adjective. good

nelyn

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/150] Group: Eldamo. Published by

raith

noun. [unglossed], [G.] extent, reach; region, sphere, district, scope

Early Noldorin [PE13/152] Group: Eldamo. Published by

scarn

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/153] Group: Eldamo. Published by

stroth

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/153] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tarch

adjective. dry

Early Noldorin [PE13/153] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tarf

adjective. dry

Early Noldorin [PE13/165] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tharn

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/154] Group: Eldamo. Published by

thesg

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/154] Group: Eldamo. Published by

thrand

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/154] Group: Eldamo. Published by

thrann

?. [unglossed]

?. [unglossed]

Early Noldorin [PE13/154] Group: Eldamo. Published by