athrad

noun. ford, crossing

This Sindarin word for “ford” or “crossing” appeared as an element in numerous names and was based on the root √THAR (PE17/14, 34). In one place Tolkien said it was based on (possibly a gerund of) the verb athra- “to cross” (PE17/14).

Conceptual Development: In The Etymologies of the 1930s, the first element of N. athrad “ford, crossing” was the prefix N. ath- “on both sides, across” derived from ᴹ√AT(AT) “again, back” related to the words for “two”, while the second element as based on ᴹ√RAT “walk” (Ety/AT(AT), RAT). In a deleted note from 1957, Tolkien again indicate athrad was connected to primitive atta “two” as well as √THAR, but this was revised so that only the connection to √THAR remained (PE17/14).

The Etymologies of the 1930s also had deleted N. iathrad “crossing, ford” where the initial element was from the root ᴹ√YAT “join” (EtyAC/YAT). The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. {athrod >>} adros “a crossing, ford” based on adr “across, athwart” (GL/17), clear derived from the early root ᴱ√TARA (QL/89) which was likely a precursor to later √THAR. The word G. trath “passage, ford” was also related (GL/71).

athrad

noun. (river-)crossing, ford, way

athrad

noun. 'crossing'

n. 'crossing', especially used of fords over rivers. Another name of a pâd. >> pâd

athrad dhaer

place name. Great Ford

A proposed replacement for Sarn Athrad, translated “Great Ford” (WJ/338) and also appearing as Athrad Daer (WJ/335). It is a combination of athrad “ford” and the adjective daer “great”. Since an adjective is usually lenited in this position, this makes Athrad Dhaer more likely to be the correct form.

athrad i-negyth

place name. Ford of the Dwarves

A proposed replacement for Sarn Athrad, translated “Ford of the Dwarves” and also appearing in a (rejected) singular form Athrad i-Nogoth (WJ/338). It is a combination of athrad “ford”, the definite article i and the plural Negyth of Nogoth “(Greater) Dwarf”.

athrad angren

place name. Ford of Isen

A Sindarin name for the Ford of Isen, a combination of athrad “ford” and the adjective angren “of iron” (UT/318). It also appeared in a plural form Ethraid Engrin.

Athrad Angren (pl. Ethraid Engrin)

noun. iron ford

athrad (“river-crossing, ford, way”) + angren (“iron”) #The first element could be interpreted as: ath (prefix “on both sides, across”) + râd (“path, track”).

Athrad D(h)aer

noun. great ford

athrad (“river-crossing, ford, way”) + daer (“great”) #The variation of the second element might reflect Tolkien's reluctance to use the “uncouth” digraph dh.

Athrad i-Negyth

noun. ford of the dwarves

athrad (“river-crossing, ford, way”) + in (pl. genitive article) + negyth (pl. of nogoth “dwarf”) #The first element could be interpreted as: ath (prefix “on both sides, across”) + râd (“path, track”) [Etym. RAT-]

sarn athrad

place name. Ford of Stones

A ford across the river Gelion translated “Ford of Stones” (S/92), its name is a combination of sarn “stone” and athrad “ford” (SA/sarn, thar).

Conceptual Development: The name dates back to the earliest Lost Tales and developed as follows: G. Sarnathrod “Stony Ford” (LT2/236) >> N. Sarn-athra/Athrasarn (SM/133, 244) >> N. Sarn Athrad “Stone of Crossing” (LR/406) >> S. Sarn Athrad “Ford of Stones” (S/92).

Sarn Athrad

noun. stone ford

sarn (“stone as a material”), athrad (ger. of athra- “river-crossing, ford, way”); #The second element could be interpreted as: ath (prefix “on both sides, across”) + râd (“path, track”)

athrad

crossing

1. athrad (ford), pl. ethraid**, 2) iach (ford), pl. iaich**

athrad

ford

athrad, pl. ethraid

athrad

crossing

(ford), pl. ethraid, 2) iach (ford), pl. iaich

athrad

ford

pl. ethraid

Sarn Athrad

Sarn Athrad

Sarn Athrad means "Ford of Stones" or "stony ford" in Sindarin (sarn + athrad).

pâd

ford

_ n. _ford. Also called athrad 'crossing'.

iach

noun. ford, crossing