Quenya 

haran

king, chieftain

haran (#harn-, as in pl. harni) noun "king, chieftain" (3AR, TĀ/TA3, VT45:17; for "king", the word aran is to be preferred in LotR-style Quenya). In a deleted entry in the Etymologies, haran was glossed "chief" (VT45:17)

#turco

chief

#turco (1) noun "chief" (isolated from Turcomund "chief bull", Letters:423). Turco, masc. name, see Turcafinwë.

Ingwë

chief

Ingwë masc. name, "chief", name of the "prince of Elves" _(PM:340, ING, WEG, VT45:18). Pl. Ingwer "Chieftains", what the Vanyar called themselves (so in PM:340, but in PM:332 the plural has the more regular form Ingwi). Ingwë Ingweron "chief of the chieftains", proper title of Ingwë as high king (PM:340)_. In the Etymologies, Ingwë is also said to be the name of a symbol used in writing: a short carrier with an i-tehta above it, denoting short i (VT45:18).

ingwë

masculine name. Chief

Lord of the first tribe of the Elves and the high king of Elvenkind (S/52, 62). His name is ancient and its original meaning is unclear, but it is sometimes translated as “Chief”, and is interpreted as a combination of the root √ING “first, foremost” and the suffix -wë common in ancient names (PM/340).

Conceptual Development: In the earliest Lost Tales, this character was first named ᴱQ. Ing, but this was soon changed to ᴱQ. Inwe (LT1/22). The form become ᴹQ. Ingwe in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (SM/13, LR/214), and the derivation for Ingwë discussed above had already emerged in The Etymologies (Ety/ING, WEG).

Element in

Elements

WordGloss
INGhighest, top, highest, top; [ᴹ√] first, foremost”
-wë“ancient name suffix (usually but not always masculine)”
Quenya [MRI/Ingwë; PM/340; PMI/Ingwë; SI/Ingwë; WJI/Ingwë] Group: Eldamo. Published by

turco

noun. chief

Derivations

  • TUR “dominate, master, conquer; power [over others], mastery (legitimate or illegitimate), control (of other wills); strong, mighty in power, dominate, master, conquer; power [over others], mastery (legitimate or illegitimate), control (of other wills); strong, mighty in power; [ᴹ√] victory; [ᴱ√] am strong”

Element in

  • S. Turcomund “Chief of Bulls” ✧ Let/423

Variations

  • Turco ✧ Let/423 (Turco)

hesto

captain

hesto noun "captain" (VT45:22; the word is not explictly identified as Quenya but can hardly be any other language)

héra

chief, principal

héra adj. "chief, principal" (KHER)

cáno

commander

cáno ("k") noun "commander", usually as the title of a lesser chief, especially one acting as the deputy of one higher in rank (PM:345, SA:káno PM:362 indicates that cáno originially meant "crier, herald"); "ruler, governor, chieftain" (UT:400), "leader" (PE17:113).Masc. name Cáno, see Canafinwë. The word cáno ("k") also occurred in the Etymologies with the gloss "chief", but Tolkien changed it to cánë "valour" (VT45:19).

taran

king

taran (1) noun "king", possibly ephemeral variant of aran, q.v. (PE17:186)

-tar

king

-tar or tar-, element meaning "king" or "queen" in compounds and names (TĀ/TA3), e.g. Valatar; compare the independent nouns tár, tári. Prefix Tar- especially in the names of the Kings and Queens of Númenor (e.g. Tar-Amandil); see their individual names (like Amandil in this case), cf. also Tar-Mairon "King Excellent", title used by Sauron (PE17:183). Also in Tareldar "High-elves"; see also Tarmenel.

aran

king

aran noun "king"; pl. arani (WJ:369, VT45:16, PE17:186); gen.pl. aranion "of kings" in asëa aranion, q.v.; aranya "my king" (aran + nya) (UT:193). Aran Meletyalda "king your mighty" = "your majesty" (WJ:369); aran Ondórëo, "a king of Gondor" (VT49:27). Also in arandil "king's friend, royalist", arandur "king's servant, minister" (Letters:386); Arantar masc. name, "King-Lord" (Appendix A); Arandor "Kingsland" region in Númenor (UT:165); the long form Arandórë appears as a name of Arnor in PE17:28 (elsewhere Arnanórë, q.v.) Othercompounds ingaran, Noldóran, Núaran, q.v.

aran

noun. king

Cognates

  • S. aran “king, lord, chief, (lit.) high or noble person, king, lord, chief, (lit.) high or noble person; [N.] lord (of a specific region)” ✧ PE17/147

Derivations

  • RĀ/ARA “noble, high, royal” ✧ PE17/118
  • ARAN “good, excellent, noble” ✧ PE17/147

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ARA > aran[aran]✧ PE17/118
ARAN > aran[aran]✧ PE17/147

Variations

  • Aran ✧ MR/121 (Aran); PE17/147; WJ/369; WJ/369; WJ/369
Quenya [LotR/0864; LotRI/Asëa aranion; MR/121; PE17/049; PE17/100; PE17/118; PE17/147; PE17/186; PE22/158; VT49/27; WJ/369] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tár

king

tár noun "king" (only used of the legitimate kings of whole tribes); the pl. tári "kings" must not be confused with the sg. tári "queen" (TĀ/TA3). Prefix tar-, compare -tar above. The normal Quenya word for "king" is aran, but compare Tarumbar.

túr

king

túr, tur noun "king" (PE16:138, LT1:260); rather aran in LotR-style Quenya, but cf. the verb tur-. Also compare the final element -tur, -ntur "lord" in names like Axantur, Falastur, Fëanturi, Vëantur (q.v.)

vardar

king

vardar noun "king" (LT1:273; rather aran in LotR-style Quenya)

eldatár

`Vm#1~C6 noun. elf-king, elfking, elven-king

Quenya [Compound of elda and tar] Group: Neologism. Published by

Sindarin 

Ara-

prefix. king

pref. king. >> ar-, Arathorn

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:113] < S. _aran_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

ar-

prefix. king

pref. king. >> ara-, Arathorn

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:113] < S. _aran_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

ara

noun. king

_ n. _king. 

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:147] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

aran

noun. king (used of a lord or king of a specified region)

Sindarin [Ety/360, S/428, LotR/II:IV, LotR/VI:VII, SD/129-] Group: SINDICT. Published by

main

chief

(adj.) main (lenited vain; pl. mîn) (prime, prominent) (VT45:15)

main

chief

(lenited vain; pl. mîn) (prime, prominent) (VT45:15)

hest

captain

hest (i chest, o chest), pl. hist (i chist)

hest

captain

(i chest, o chest), pl. hist (i chist)

hothron

noun. captain

Elements

WordGloss
hoth“host, horde, host, horde, [N.] crowd; group plural; [ᴱN.] folk, [G.] people; †army”

aran

king

1) (king of a region) aran (pl. erain). Coll. pl. aranath. Also †âr with stem-form aran- (also with pl. erain; the longer form aran may be a back-formation from this plural). 2) (king of a people)taur (i daur, o thaur) (said in LR:389 s.v. _T_Ā to refer to ”legitimate kings of the whole tribes”), pl. toer (i thoer), coll. pl. torath.

aran

king

(pl. erain). Coll. pl. aranath. Also †âr with stem-form aran- (also with pl. erain; the longer form aran may be a back-formation from this plural).

taur

king

(i daur, o thaur) (said in LR:389 s.v. to refer to ”legitimate kings of the whole tribes”), pl. toer (i thoer), coll. pl. torath.

Adûnaic

ârû

noun. king

A noun translated as “king” (SD/429). The Adûnaic word for “queen” is not attested, but could be a feminized form of this word, such as ✱ârî.

Element in

Variations

  • Ārū ✧ SD/429

Khuzdûl

durin

masculine name. king

Element in

Khuzdûl [LotR/0305; LotRI/Durin; PE17/040; PM/304; PMI/Durin; RSI/Durin; SDI1/Durin; SI/Durin; TI/182; TII/Durin; UTI/Durin; WJI/Durin] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

aran

noun. king (used of a lord or king of a specified region)

Noldorin [Ety/360, S/428, LotR/II:IV, LotR/VI:VII, SD/129-] Group: SINDICT. Published by

taur

noun. king (only used of the legitimate kings of whole tribes)

In LotR/IV:IV, Frodo is called Daur, which might be the mutated form of this word

Noldorin [Ety/389, Ety/395] Group: SINDICT. Published by

âr

noun. king

âr

noun. king (used of a lord or king of a specified region)

Noldorin [Ety/389] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Westron

tûrac

noun. king

Changes

  • tūrantūrac- ✧ PM/053

Variations

  • tūrac- ✧ PM/053 (tūrac-)
  • tūran ✧ PM/060 (tūran)
Westron [PM/053; PM/060] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Edain

halbar

noun. chieftain

Element in

Variations

  • Halbar ✧ WJ/238
Edain [WJ/238; WJ/309] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Qenya 

káno

noun. chief

Changes

  • kánokáne “chief” ✧ Ety/KAN

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KAN “dare” ✧ Ety/KAN

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√KAN > káno[kānō] > [kāno]✧ Ety/KAN

hesto

noun. captain

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KHES “command” ✧ EtyAC/KHES

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√KHES > hesto[kʰesto] > [xesto] > [hesto]✧ EtyAC/KHES

haran

noun. king, chieftain, lord or king of a specified region

Cognates

  • N. aran “king, lord (of a specific region)” ✧ Ety/TĀ
  • Ilk. garon “lord” ✧ EtyAC/ƷARA

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ƷAR “have, hold” ✧ Ety/ƷAR; Ety/TĀ; EtyAC/ƷARA

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ƷAR > haran[ɣaran] > [haran]✧ Ety/ƷAR
ᴹ√ƷAR > harni[ɣarani] > [ɣarni] > [harni]✧ Ety/ƷAR
ᴹ√ƷAR > haran[ɣaran] > [haran]✧ Ety/TĀ
ᴹ√ƷARA > haran[ɣaran] > [haran]✧ EtyAC/ƷARA
Qenya [Ety/ƷAR; Ety/TĀ; EtyAC/ƷARA] Group: Eldamo. Published by

aran

noun. king

Element in

Variations

  • aran ✧ PE22/106; PE22/124
  • Aran ✧ PE22/125
Qenya [PE22/106; PE22/124; PE22/125] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tár

noun. king

Cognates

  • N. taur “king (of a whole tribe)” ✧ Ety/TĀ
  • Ilk. tôr “king” ✧ Ety/TĀ

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶tār(ō) “king” ✧ Ety/TĀ
    • ᴹ√TĀ/TAƷ “high, lofty; noble” ✧ Ety/TĀ; PE21/55

Element in

  • ᴹQ. tar- “high; king or queen (in compounds)” ✧ Ety/TĀ

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶tārō > tár[tār]✧ Ety/TĀ

Variations

  • tār ✧ LR/047
Qenya [Ety/TĀ; LR/047] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Doriathrin

hest

noun. captain

A noun glossed “captain” derived from the root ᴹ√KHES “command” (EtyAC/KHES). The language of this word is unclear; Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne indicated it might be ?Bel. for Beleriandic = Ilkorin.

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KHES “command” ✧ EtyAC/KHES

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√KHES > hest[kʰesto] > [xesto] > [xest] > [hest]✧ EtyAC/KHES
Doriathrin [EtyAC/KHES] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tôr

noun. king

A noun for “king” derived from primitive ᴹ✶tār(ō), also appearing in its plural form tórin (Ety/TĀ, BAL). Tolkien said that it was “only used of the legitimate kings of whole tribes”, though apparently it also survived in compounds like Torthurnion “King of Eagles” (Ety/THOR) and Balthor “Vala-king” (Ety/BAL). It is an example of how [[ilk|[ā] became [ō]]] in Ilkorin, as noted by Helge Fauskanger (AL-Ilkorin/tôr).

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. tár “king” ✧ Ety/TĀ

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶tār(ō) “king” ✧ Ety/TĀ
    • ᴹ√TĀ/TAƷ “high, lofty; noble” ✧ Ety/TĀ; PE21/55
  • ᴹ√TĀ/TAƷ “high, lofty; noble” ✧ Ety/THIN

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶tārō > tôr[tārō] > [tāro] > [tōro] > [tōr]✧ Ety/TĀ

Variations

  • Tor ✧ Ety/THIN (Dor. Tor); Ety/THOR
  • tórin ✧ EtyAC/BAL
Doriathrin [Ety/BAL; Ety/TĀ; Ety/THIN; Ety/THOR; EtyAC/BAL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Old Noldorin 

aran

noun. king

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ƷAR “have, hold”

Derivatives

  • N. aran “king, lord (of a specific region)”
Old Noldorin [PE22/027] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

tār(ō)

noun. king

Derivations

  • ᴹ√TĀ/TAƷ “high, lofty; noble” ✧ Ety/TĀ; PE21/55

Derivatives

  • Ilk. tôr “king” ✧ Ety/TĀ
  • ᴹQ. tár “king” ✧ Ety/TĀ
  • N. taur “king (of a whole tribe)” ✧ Ety/TĀ

Variations

  • tārō ✧ Ety/TĀ; Ety/TĀ
  • tā-r ✧ PE21/55
  • tā-ro ✧ PE21/55
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/TĀ; PE21/55] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

thegor

noun. chief

Gnomish [GL/72; LT1A/Cûm a Thegranaithos] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hothron

noun. captain

Gnomish [GL/49; LT1A/Orc] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tîr

noun. king

tûr

noun. king

Cognates

  • Eq. tur “king” ✧ LT1A/Meril-i-Turinqi

Derivations

  • ᴱ√TURU “am strong” ✧ LT1A/Meril-i-Turinqi
  • ᴱ✶tūr(ǝ) ✧ PE13/115

Element in

Variations

  • Tur ✧ GG/15; GG/15
  • tîr ✧ PE13/115
Gnomish [GG/15; GL/72; LT1A/Meril-i-Turinqi; PE13/115] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

tîr

noun. king

Cognates

  • Eq. tur “king” ✧ PE13/154

Element in

  • En. balthir “evil king”
  • En. idir “no king” ✧ PE13/148
  • En. tîr idir “king without a crown” ✧ PE13/148
  • En. uthir “without a king” ✧ PE13/155 (uthir)

Variations

  • tír ✧ PE13/148; PE13/154
  • thir ✧ PE13/155 (thir)
Early Noldorin [PE13/148; PE13/154; PE13/155] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

túranu

noun. king

Variations

  • tūranu ✧ QL/095
Early Quenya [QL/095] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tur

noun. king

Cognates

  • En. tîr “king” ✧ PE13/154
  • G. tûr “king” ✧ LT1A/Meril-i-Turinqi

Derivations

  • ᴱ√TURU “am strong” ✧ LT1A/Meril-i-Turinqi; QL/095

Element in

  • Eq. turwen “princess” ✧ QL/096
  • Eq. túrin “king(dom)” ✧ QL/096
  • Eq. Sorontur “King of Eagles” ✧ LT1A/Sorontur
  • Eq. túrani “queen” ✧ QL/096
  • Eq. túranu “king” ✧ QL/096
  • Eq. turillo “prince” ✧ QL/096
  • Eq. turinqi “queen” ✧ LT1A/Meril-i-Turinqi; QL/096
  • Eq. turqin “queen” ✧ QL/096 (turqin)
  • Eq. Turondo

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√TURU > Tur[tur]✧ QL/095

Variations

  • -tur ✧ LT1A/Sorontur
  • túr ✧ PE13/154; PE16/138
  • Tur ✧ QL/096
Early Quenya [LT1A/Meril-i-Turinqi; LT1A/Sorontur; PE13/154; PE16/138; QL/096] Group: Eldamo. Published by

vardar

noun. king

Early Quenya [LT1A/Varda; QL/102] Group: Eldamo. Published by