An adjective meaning “blond” appearing in notes written on or shortly before 1960, cognate to Q. vanya “fair-haired” from the root √WAN, distinct from √BAN “beauty” (PE17/150). A similar form S. gwân “pale, fair” appeared in notes from the same period, but the page where it appeared was marked through (PE17/165). It was part of a paradigm in which the name of the first tribe the Vanyar originally referred to the color of their hair; see bain “beautiful” for further discussion.
Sindarin
gwain
adjective. young, *new
Cognates
- Q. vinya “young, new” ✧ PE17/191
Derivations
- √WIN “young, young, [ᴹ√] new, fresh” ✧ PE17/191
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √WIN > gwein [winjā] > [winja] > [gwinja] > [gwenja] > [gwenia] > [gweni] > [gwein] > [gwain] ✧ PE17/191 Variations
- gwein ✧ PE17/191
gwain
adjective. blond
Cognates
- Q. vanya “fair, beautiful, unmarred; fair-haired (yellow to golden), fair, beautiful, unmarred; fair-haired (yellow to golden); [ᴱQ.] good (not evil), holy” ✧ PE17/150
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶wanya > gwain [wanja] > [gwanja] > [gwania] > [gwenia] > [gweni] > [gwein] > [gwain] ✧ PE17/150 Variations
- gwain ✧ PE17/150
gwain
adjective. fair
adj. fair. . This gloss was rejected.
gwain
adjective. new
gwain
adjective. blonde
_ adj. _blonde.
gwana
noun/adjective. fair
Changes
gwain→ gwana “fair, general word for Elves” ✧ PE17/140Derivations
- ✶
wanasō✧ PE17/140Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶wanasō > gwana [wanasō] > [wanaso] > [wanaho] > [gwanaho] > [gwanah] > [gwana] ✧ PE17/140 Variations
gwain✧ PE17/140 (gwain)
gwein
adjective. young
adj. young. Q. vinya. >> gwîn
gwein
adjective. young
gwân
adjective. fair
_ adj. _fair, pale.
gwain
new
1) #gwain (gwin-), lenited wain, pl. gwîn. Isolated from the month-name Narwain, ”new sun” (where #gwain appears in lenited form). The form gwîn ”young” listed in VT46:22 would have to be taken as a pl. form, if it is to be the cognate of Quenya vinya. 2) cîw (lenited gîw; no distinct pl. form) (fresh), 3) eden (begun again), pl. edin; 4) sain (sin-), lenited hain; pl. sîn;
gwain
new
(gwin-), lenited ’wain, pl. gwîn. Isolated from the month-name Narwain, ”new sun” (where #gwain appears in lenited form). The form gwîn ”young” listed in VT46:22 would have to be taken as a pl. form, if it is to be the cognate of Quenya vinya.
gwann
departed
(dead), lenited ’wann; pl. gwain
gwae
wind
_ n. _wind. Tolkien also notes "WAKH in wagme > gwaew, gwae" (PE17:34). Q. vea. >> gwaew
gwae
noun. wind
The normal Sindarin word for “wind”, usually appearing as gwae but sometimes as gwaew, most frequently derived from √WAY “blow” but also a bewildering variety of other roots (NM/237; PE17/33-34, 189); see the entry for √WĀ for further discussion.
Conceptual Development: The earliest form of this word was G. gwâ “wind” from both Gnomish Grammar and Gnomish Lexicon from the 1910s (GG/14; GL/43). The form ᴱN. gwá “wind” reappeared in Early Noldorin Word-lists from the 1920s (MC/217), but in the Nebrachar poem from circa 1930 the form was gwaew “wind” (MC/217). It was N. gwaew “wind” in The Etymologies of the 1930s from the root ᴹ√WAIWA (Ety/WĀ), and appeared a number of times in later writings as both gwae and (more rarely) gwaew, as noted above.
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I prefer using only gwae for “wind”, reserving gwaew for “storm”.
Cognates
Derivations
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶wā-yo > gwoe > gwae [wājo] > [wǭjo] > [wǭio] > [woio] > [gwoio] > [gwoi] > [gwoe] > [gwae] ✧ NM/237 √WAYA > gwae [wajā] > [waja] > [waia] > [gwaia] > [gwai] > [gwae] ✧ PE17/033 ✶waiwe > gwae(w) [waiwe] > [gwaiwe] > [gwaiw] > [gwaew] ✧ PE17/033 √WIW > gwae(w) [waiwe] > [gwaiwe] > [gwaiw] > [gwaew] ✧ PE17/034 ✶wāyā > gwoe > gwae [wājā] > [wāja] > [wǭja] > [wǭia] > [woia] > [gwoia] > [gwoi] > [gwoe] > [gwae] ✧ PE17/034 √WAYA > Gwae [wajā] > [waja] > [waia] > [gwaia] > [gwai] > [gwae] ✧ PE17/189 Variations
- gwaew ✧ PE17/033 (gwaew)
- gwae(w) ✧ PE17/033 (gwae(w)); PE17/034
- Gwae ✧ PE17/189
gwaew
wind
_ n. _wind. Tolkien also notes "WAKH in wagme > gwaew, gwae" (PE17:34). >> gwae
sûl
noun. wind
sûl
noun. wind, [strong] wind, *gust
A noun for “wind” appearing in names like Amon Sûl, derived from the root √SŪ “blow, move with audible sound (of air)” (NM/237; PE17/124).
Conceptual Development: A precursor to this word is G. saul “great wind” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/67), derived from the early root ᴱ√SUHYU “air, breath, exhale, puff” as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT1A/Súlimo; QL/86).
Neo-Sindarin: Given its connection to the sound of wind, I think sûl would be used mostly for strong or noisy wind, including (but not limited to) gusts of wind, as opposed to more ordinary (and less noisy) gwae “wind”. This notion is supported by its Gnomish precursor G. saul “great wind”.
Cognates
- Q. súrë “wind, breeze” ✧ PE17/124
Derivations
Element in
- S. Amon Sûl “Weathertop, (lit.) Hill of the Wind” ✧ SA/sûl
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √sū > sûl [sūl] > [sūle] > [sūl] ✧ NM/237 √SŪ > sūl [sūli] > [sūle] > [sūl] ✧ PE17/124 Variations
- sūl ✧ PE17/015; PE17/124
gwaew
wind
1) gwaew (i **waew) (storm), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwaew), 2) sûl (i hûl), pl. suil (i suil**). Note: a homophone means ”goblet”.
gwaew
wind
(i ’waew) (storm), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwaew)
sûl
wind
(i hûl), pl. suil (i suil). Note: a homophone means ”goblet”.
gwanwen
departed
1) (past participle) gwanwen (lenited wanwen; pl. gwenwin), also as noun: a ”departed” one, one of the Elves of Aman: Gwanwen (i **Wanwen), pl. Gwenwin (in Gwenwin) (WJ:378), 2) gwann (dead), lenited wann; pl. gwain**;
bain
fair
_ adj. _fair, good, blessed, wholesome, favourable, without evil/bad element, not dangerous, evil or hostile. bân or bain << bân pl. bain. >> bân
bân
adjective. fair
_ adj. _fair, good, wholesome, favourable, not dangerous, evil or hostile. bân or bain << bân pl. bain. >> bain
cîr
adjective. renewed
cýr
adjective. renewed
fael
adjective. fair minded, just, generous
gwanwen
proper name. Departed
A term the Sindar used for the Elves who left Beleriand for Aman, derived from the same root as Q. vanwa: √WĀ/AWA (WJ/366, 378). Another variation was Gwanwel (WJ/378), perhaps incorporating †Ell “Elf”.
Variations
- Gwanwel ✧ WJ/378; WJI/Gwanwen
gwanwen
adjective. departed, departed, *gone, lost [to time], past
Derivations
- √WĀ/AWA “away (from); go (away), depart, pass away, move (from speaker); before (of time), ago, away (from); go (away), depart, pass away, move (from speaker); before (of time), ago; [ᴹ√] forth, out”
Element in
Variations
- Gwanwen ✧ WJ/378
lind
adjective. fair
Derivations
- √LIN “sing, make a musical sound, sing, make a musical sound, [ᴱ√] gentle”
Element in
- S. Linhir “Fair Stream” ✧ RC/587
Variations
- lin ✧ RC/587 (lin)
sain
adjective. new
bain
fair
bain (beautiful). Lenited vain. No distinct pl. form.
bain
fair
(beautiful). Lenited vain. No distinct pl. form.
cîl
renewal
(i gîl; no distinct pl. form except with article: i chîl) (VT48:8)
cîr
renewed
clashes with the word for ”ship”.s
cîw
new
(lenited gîw; no distinct pl. form) (fresh)
cýron
new moon
(i gýron), pl. cýroen (i chýroen). Archaic ✱cýraun, spelt cýrawn in the source (VT48:7).
dess
young woman
(i ness, o ndess, constuct des), pl. diss (i ndiss)
eden
new
(begun again), pl. edin
gwaeren
windy
(lenited ’waeren; pl. gwaerin)
gwanwen
departed
(lenited ’wanwen; pl. gwenwin), also as noun: a ”departed” one, one of the Elves of Aman: Gwanwen (i ’Wanwen), pl. Gwenwin (in Gwenwin) (WJ:378)
mân
departed spirit
(i vân, construct man), pl. main (i main)
neth
young
neth (pl. nith). A homophone is the noun ”sister, girl”.
neth
young
(pl. nith). A homophone is the noun ”sister, girl”.
sain
adjective. new
sain
new
(sin-), lenited hain; pl. sîn
siniath
news
(tidings) (i siniath).
This word, the cognate of Q. vinya, is attested only in the form gwein (PE17/191). As elements of the canonical names Iarwain “Old-young” and Narwain “January, ✱New-fire”, it clearly should be gwain. Perhaps the form gwein uses the older, Noldorin phonology, as N. gweith >> S. gwaith and N. teith >> S. taith. @@@