huan

hound

huan (hún-, as in dat. sg. húnen) noun "hound" (KHUGAN, KHUG). Cf. hú, huo.

hú

hound

hú noun "hound" (PE17:86), cf. huan, huo

hó

noun. hound (or ?heart)

hú

noun. hound (or ?heart)

A Quenya word hú glossed as either “hound” or “heart” (according to Christopher Gilson) appearing in rough notes on Words, Phrases and Passages from the Lord of the Rings from the late 1950s or early 1960s exploring the possible origins of S. huorn (PE17/86). This was followed by an unglossed variant form Q. hó, apparently derived from khōgo. Tolkien seems to have vacillated between primitive roots √KHUG/KHOG (the former being the basis for “dog” words in The Etymologies) or √KHON (the basis for “heart” words in The Etymologies), connections that were also pointed out by Christopher Gilson.

Neo-Quenya: Giving the tenuous nature of this word, I’d stick to better defined ᴹQ. huo “dog” from The Etymologies for purposes of Neo-Quenya.

Cognates

• S. hû “hound (or ?heart), hound, [N.] dog; S. ?heart” ✧ PE17/086

Derivations

• ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay”
• ✶khōgo ✧ PE17/086

Variations

• hó ✧ PE17/086

harma

wolf

[harma (2) noun "wolf" (3ARAM). The gloss "hound" was inserted, but then deleted (VT45:17)]

narmo

wolf

narmo ("ñ")noun "wolf" (ÑGAR(A)M; both the old form ñarmo = *ngarmo and the Third Age form narmo are given). Another word for "wolf" is ráca.

nauro

noun. wolf

wolf, werewolf of Morgoth

ráca

wolf

ráca ("k") noun "wolf" (DARÁK). Another word for "wolf" is narmo.

hû

hound

_ n. Zoo. _hound. Q. hú. The gloss might be 'heat'.

huan

masculine name. Great Dog, Hound

The great hound who helped Beren and Lúthien against the forces of Morgoth (S/142). His name is derived from the same primitive form ᴹ✶khugan as ᴹQ. huan “hound” (Ety/KHUGAN). Given that he was originally a Valinorian hound, it is possible his Sindarin name is simply adopted from Quenya.

Conceptual Development: The name ᴱQ. Huan appeared in the earliest Lost Tales (LT2/21) and remained constant through all Tolkien’s later writing, though its language ultimately changed from Qenya to Sindarin. The name N. Huan appeared in The Etymologies from the 1930s, which is the source of the derivation given above (Ety/KHUGAN).

Variations

• Húan ✧ WJI/Húan

huan

noun. great dog, hound

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “hound” derived from primitive ᴹ√KHUGAN; in the second version of this entry the root became ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay” and Tolkien only said that N. Huan was a dog-name, though its cognate ᴹQ. huan still meant “hound” (Ety/KHUGAN). This word was indeed used as the name of the great Valinorian hound Huan, which Tolkien established very early (LT2/21) and retained for his entire life (S/142).

Possible Etymology: It is hard to explain why the primitive short ŭ in huan did not become o as usual in Noldorin and Sindarin. Perhaps the primitive form was actually ✱khūgan in the Noldorin/Sindarin branch of the language. Tolkien did frequently write the name as Húan in later writings (RS/183; WJ/62 and forward).

Conceptual Development: In Tolkien’s earliest writings, ᴱQ. huan “dog” was a Qenya word, and its nearest Gnomish equivalents were G. hû “dog” and G. saur “hound, wild dog” (GL/49, 67), all derived from the early root ᴱ√SAẆA (QL/82). The form ᴱN. fand or fan “dog” appearing in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s was probably also related (PE13/143). By The Etymologies of the 1930s, it seems Huan was a Noldorin name, and it may have remained so in Sindarin of the 1950s and 60s, but since its Quenya form was identical it is hard to know for sure.

Derivations

• ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay”

Element in

• S. Huan “Great Dog, Hound” ✧ SI/Huan

Variations

• Huan ✧ SI/Huan

hû

noun. hound (or ?heart), hound, [N.] dog; S. ?heart

A noun appearing as N. hû “dog” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay” (Ety/KHUGAN). The same form hû appeared in rough notes on Words, Phrases and Passages from the Lord of the Rings from the late 1950s or early 1960s with a gloss that might be “hound” or might be “heart”, according to Christopher Gilson (PE17/86). This later hû form was derived from ✶khōgo, which makes me think “hound” is the more likely meaning given the primitive form’s resemblance to ᴹ√KHUG.

Conceptual Development: G. hû “dog” also appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/49), but in this period was probably derived from the early root ᴱ√SAẆA (QL/82).

Cognates

• Q. hú “hound (or ?heart)” ✧ PE17/086

Derivations

• ✶khōgo ✧ PE17/086

Variations

• hû ✧ PE17/086

rŷn

noun. "chaser", hound of chase

gaurwaith

noun. wolf-men

draug

noun. wolf

draug

noun. wolf

A noun for “wolf”, most notably appearing as an element in the name of the great werewolf S. Draugluin. In The Etymologies of the 1930s, N. draug “wolf” was derived from the root ᴹ√DARAK (Ety/DARÁK).

Element in

• S. Draugluin “*Blue (Were)wolf” ✧ SA/draug

huar

noun. hound, wild dog, wild dog

Cognates

• ᴺQ. huar “wild dog, jackal”

Derivations

• ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay”

draug

wolf

1) draug (i dhraug), pl. droeg (in droeg), coll. pl. drogath; 2) garaf (i ngaraf = i ñaraf, o n**garaf = o ñgaraf), pl. geraif (in geraif = i ñgeraif), coll. pl. garavath**, 3)

draug

wolf

(i dhraug), pl. droeg (in droeg), coll. pl. drogath

garaf

wolf

(i ngaraf = i ñaraf, o n’garaf = o ñgaraf), pl. geraif (in geraif = i ñgeraif), coll. pl. garavath

gaur

wolf

(i ngaur = i ñaur), pl. goer (in goer = i ñgoer), coll. pl. gaurhoth (attested in lenited form: i ngaurhoth = i ñaurhoth).

rŷn

chaser

(= hound of chase) rŷn (construct ryn; no distinct pl. form except with article: idh rŷn)

r

chaser

ŷn (construct ryn; no distinct pl. form except with article: idh rŷn)

ñgūr

noun. wolf

Element in

• ✶ñguriyē “she-wolf” ✧ PE21/82

huan

masculine name. hound

Changes

• huan → Huan “hound” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Cognates

• ᴹQ. huan “hound, hound, [ᴱQ.] dog” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Derivations

• ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Variations

• huan ✧ Ety/KHUGAN (huan)
• Húan ✧ RSI/Húan

huan

noun. hound

Cognates

• ᴹQ. huan “hound, hound, [ᴱQ.] dog” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Derivations

• ᴹ✶khugan “hound” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN
  • ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Element in

• N. Huan “hound” ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶khugan > Huan	[kʰūgan] > [xūgan] > [xūɣan] > [xuan] > [huan]	✧ Ety/KHUGAN

Variations

• Huan ✧ Ety/KHUGAN

rhŷn

noun. "chaser", hound of chase

gaul

noun. wolf-howl

draug

noun. wolf

draug

noun. wolf

Cognates

• ᴹQ. ráka “wolf” ✧ Ety/DARÁK

Derivations

• ᴹ✶d’rāk ✧ Ety/DARÁK
  • ᴹ√DARAK “*wolf” ✧ Ety/DARÁK

Element in

• N. Draugluin “Werewolf”
• En. Draugluin “Werewolf Pale”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶d’rāk > draug	[darā́ka] > [drāka] > [drǭka] > [drouka] > [drauka] > [drauk] > [draug]	✧ Ety/DARÁK

garaf

noun. wolf

garaf

noun. wolf

A noun for “wolf” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√ÑGARAM (Ety/ÑGAR(A)M).

Conceptual Development: This word seems to have replaced N. araf or aram derived from the rejected root ᴹ√ƷARAM with various glosses like “wolf” or (small or swift) “dog” (Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAM). This in turn may be a later iteration of G. harog or harw “wolf” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s with feminine variant G. harach “a she-wolf” (GL/48).

Cognates

• ᴹQ. narmo “wolf” ✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M

Derivations

• ᴹ√ÑGARAM “*wolf” ✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√ÑGAR(A)M > garaf	[ŋgaramo] > [garamo] > [garam] > [garav]	✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M