hek-wā

preposition and adverb. leaving aside, not counting, excluding, except

lasa

adverb. not it = it is/was not so

lā-

verb. to not be

ndī

preposition. beneath, not touching, under

nuktā-

verb. stunt, prevent from coming to completion, stop short, not allow to continue

wini

noun. child not yet full grown

(au)be

adverb. not so

ug

root. dislike

In a 1969 essay on negation, Tolkien restored √LA as basis for the “negative of fact”, and altered the meaning of Q. ú to be “bad, uneasy, hard” as a sort of “negative with a bad sense” based on this new root √UG “dislike” (PE22/160). This is similar to the usage of these ú-forms in The Etymologies of the 1930s, where the root ᴹ√GŪ was a negative root, but its derivative ᴹQ. ú- was “not (with evil connotation)” (Ety/GŪ), though in the 1930s it seems to have been a true negative, as opposed to 1969 where it meant “difficult” or “impossible”. See the entry on the Quenya negative for a more information on the conceptual development of this and other negative roots.

au-

prefix. away

awa-

prefix. away

awā

adverb. away

bani

adjective. fair

khyē̆

pronoun. other person

mat-

verb. to eat

melā-

verb. to love

mō

noun. person

te

pronoun. they

tī

pronoun. they

ugu

root. expressing privation

wanyā

adjective. fair