topon. 'Green Slopes', 'Green Crest/ridges'. Dialectal of late Gondorian Sindarin for the pl. pennath blended with other plural forms pinn, pind. >> pind, pinn
Sindarin
pinn
noun. crest
Pinnath Gelin
'Green Slopes'
Pinnath Gelin
'Green-crests'
pinnath gelin
place name. Green Ridges
A fiefdom in Gondor, glossed “Green Hills” in The Lord of the Rings (LotR/771) and elsewhere translated “Green Ridges”, “Green Downs” (RC/525), “Green Slopes” or “Green Crests/Ridges” (PE17/24). This name appears to be a combination of the class-plural of pind “crest, ridge” and the lenited plural form of calen “green”.
Conceptual Development: When it first appeared in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, this name was already N. Pinnath Gelin (WR/280).
Pinnath Gelin
noun. green ridges
pinnath (collective plural of ? [His.]), celin (pl. of calen- “green”)
pinnath
noun. ridges, group of downs
penn
slope
pl1. pinn _n. _slope. >> #pend
pind
noun. crest
n. crest, ridge, esp. used of long (low) hill with a sharp ridge against skyline. Q. quíne. >> pend 1/2, pinn, Pinnath Gelin
pind
noun. crest, ridge
A word for “crest, ridge” (PE17/24) or a “long (low) hill with a sharp ridge against the skyline” (PE17/97). Tolkien seems to have coined this word to explain the abnormal “double plural” form pinnath in S. Pinnath Gelin “Green Hills or Ridges” (LotR/771; RC/525). It is clear he originally intended pinnath to be derived from S. pend “slope” < √PED, but it was a somewhat peculiar combination of the normal plural form pind with the class plural suffix -ath (PE17/24). By introducing S. pind “ridge” < √KWIN, Tolkien resolved this quandary (PE17/158).
Conceptual Development: The notion of this “double plural” form dates all the way back to the Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s, where it seems the noun ᴱN. binn “slope, hillside, bank” was developed from the plural form of the adjective ᴱN. benn “sloping”, and the plural of the noun was binniath (PE13/138, 160). It seems likely that pinnath was initially a remnant of this double pluralization, before Tolkien reconceived of it as a derivative of √KWIN.
Pinnath Gelin
Pinnath Gelin
Usually translated as Green Hills, and sometimes as Green Downs, the meaning of the name Pinnath Gelin would be actually closer to Green Ridges, Green Slopes or Green Crests. The first word was the dialectical Sindarin or Gondor Sindarin pinnath. The second was the plural of the word calen, "green".
pind
slope
(noun) 1) #pind (i bind; construct pin) (declivity), no distinct pl. form except with article (i phind), coll. pl. pinnath (in the name Pinnath Gelin). 2) talad (i dalad, o thalad) (incline), pl. telaid (i thelaid).
pind
ridge
pind (i bind, o phind, construct pin), no distinct pl. form except with article (i phind), coll. pl. pinnath.
pind
ridge
(i bind, o phind, construct pin), no distinct pl. form except with article (i phind), coll. pl. pinnath.
pend
slope
calen
green
1) (etymologically "bright") calen (lenited galen), pl. celin (attested in lenited form in the name Pinnath **Gelin, "Green Ridges"). 2) laeg (fresh), no distinct pl. form. (Note: a homophone means ”keen, sharp, acute”.) In the Woodland dialect lêg, whence leg- in the name Legolas** ”Greenleaf” (Lettters:282, 386).
calen
green
(lenited galen), pl. celin (attested in lenited form in the name Pinnath Gelin, "Green Ridges").
pend
noun/adjective. slope, steep incline, hill side; sloping (down), steeply inclined, slope, steep incline, hill side, [N.] declivity; [S.] sloping (down), steeply inclined
A noun for “slope” (RC/525) or a “steep incline, hill side” (PE17/24), also used as an adjective for “steeply inclined, sloping down” (PE17/24) or “steeply sloping” (PE17/173). In keeping with the general conventions of this lexicon, I represent it as pend since Tolkien said -nd frequently survived “at the end of fully accented monosyllables” (LotR/1115), but in his notes Tolkien marked pend as Old Sindarin and gave penn as the modern form (PE17/24, 173).
Conceptual Development: The earliest appearance of this word was in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s as ᴱN. benn (†bend) with glosses like “inclined, sloping” (PE13/138) or “slanting, sloping, up or down hill” (PE13/160). In this period it as derived from primitive ᴱ✶bendā and was an adjective only; the noun form was ᴱN. binn.
In The Etymologies of the 1930s it first appeared as N. denn (†dend) “sloping” as a derivative of ᴹ√DEN “hillside, slope”, but the meaning of this root was change to ᴹ√DEN “hole; gap, passage” (Ety/DEN). Tolkien introduced a new root ᴹ√PEN(ED) with the derivative N. penn (†pend) “declivity” (Ety/PEN). In later writings, though, its root form was √PED instead of ᴹ√PEN, as √PEN was given the new sense “lack, be without” (PE17/173; WJ/375).
adlanna-
verb. to slope, slant
amloth
noun. flower or floreate device used as crest fixed to the point of a tall helmet
calen
adjective. green
calen
green
(galen) _ adj. _green (fresh, vigorous). galen after a sg. noun. Q. kălina (lit. illumined) sunny, light.
edhel
noun. Elf
eledh
noun. Elf
elen
noun. Elf
ell
noun. Elf
laeb
adjective. green
_ adj. _green. A theoretical equivalent to Q. laiqua but that did not exist in Sindarin.
laeg
green
_ adj. _green. >> Legolas
laeg
adjective. green
_ adj. _green (of leaves, herbage). Q. laika.
penedh
noun. Elf
penneth
noun. ridges, group of downs
adlanna
slope
(vb.) *adlanna- (slant) (i adlanna, in adlannar). This is a suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” atlanna-.
adlanna
slope
(slant) (i adlanna, in adlannar). This is a suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” atlanna-.
avar
non-eldarin elf
pl. Evair, also called
calben
elf of the great journey
(i galben, o chalben), pl. celbin (i chelbin).
ceber
stone ridge
(i geber, o cheber) (spike, stake), pl. cebir (i chebir). A lenited pl. form occurs in the name Sarn Gebir.
dúnedhel
elf of beleriand
(i Núnedhel), pl. *Dúnedhil*** (i Ndúnedhil*). (WJ:378, 386)*
edhel
elf
(pl. edhil). Coll. pl. Edhelrim (or Edhellim) (UT:318). Also †eledh, pl. elidh, coll. pl. eledhrim (Letters:281), also elen, pl. elin, also with coll. pl. eledhrim (elen + rim with the regular change nr > dhr). (WJ:363, 377-78; the shorter coll. pl. Eldrim > *Elrim*** may also occur). But since elin** also means "stars", other terms for "Elf" may be preferred.
edhelharn
elf-stone
(pl. edhelhern) (SD:128-31).
elleth
elf-woman
(pl. ellith) (WJ:363-64, 377)
ellon
elf-man
(pl. ellyn)
elvellon
elf-friend
(pl. elvellyn, coll. pl. elvellonnath (WJ:412);
gwanwel
elf of aman
(”departed” Elf), pl. gwenwil (in gwenwil), coll. pl. gwanwellath. (WJ:378) Also gwanwen; see
laeg
green
(fresh), no distinct pl. form. (Note: a homophone means ”keen, sharp, acute”.) In the Woodland dialect lêg, whence leg- in the name Legolas ”Greenleaf” (Lettters:282, 386).
laegel
green-elf
pl. laegil; coll. pl. laegrim or laegeldrim (WJ:385). These forms from a late source would seem to supersede the ”N” forms listed in LR:368 s.v. LÁYAK: *Lhoebenidh* or *Lhoebelidh*. The Green-elves of Beleriand were also called Lindel (pl. Lindil), also Lindedhel (pl. Lindedhil) *(WJ:385)*.
lasgalen
leaf-green
(pl. lesgelin).
lefn
elf left behind
pl. lifn.
miniel
first elf
(i Viniel), pl. Mínil (i Mínil), coll. pl. Miniellath. (WJ:383)
mornedhel
dark elf
(i Vornedhel), pl. Mornedhil (i Mornedhil). Conceivably the entire word could be umlauted in the pl.: ?Mernedhil. **(WJ:409) Another term for ”Dark Elf” is Dúredhel (i Dhúredhel), pl. Dúredhil (i Núredhil**).
peredhel
half-elf
(pl. peredhil) (PM:256, 348).
send
grey-elf
(i hend, o send, construct sen) (probably a term only used by the Noldor, borrowed from Quenya Sinda), pl. sind (i sind), coll. pl. Sendrim (the only attested form).
n. crest, ridge, esp. used of long (low) hill with a sharp ridge against skyline. Q. quíne. >> pend 1/2, pind, Pinnath Gelin