pata- vb. "walk" (PE17:34)
Quenya
nyarro
rat
pata-
walk
vanta
walk
vanta (2) noun "walk" (BAT)
Sindarin
brasta-
verb. tower up
_v. _tower up, loom.
padra-
walk
_ v. _walk. >> pad-
pad-
walk
_ v. _walk, step. Q. pata-. >> Tharbad
pada-
verb. to walk
nâr
rat
nâr (construct nar, pl. nair)
nâr
rat
(construct nar, pl. nair)
pada
walk
(on a track or path) pada- (i bada, i phadar)
pada
walk
(on a track or path) pada- (i bada, i phadar)
Primitive elvish
rat
root. tower up
The extended root √ARAT “good, excellent, noble” appeared in 1957 Quenya Notes (QN) as an extension of √AR “beyond, further than”, and was principally used for the adjectives Q. ar(a)ta, S. arod/raud “noble” and elaborations thereof (PE17/147). In Definitive Linguistic Notes (DLN) from 1959 it was instead given as √RAT “tower up”, serving as the basis for the same set of words (PE17/186). In any case, all these seem to be variants of √RĀ/ARA “noble”; see that entry for details.
Derivatives
Elements
Word Gloss RĀ/ARA “noble, high, royal” Variations
- RAT ✧ PE17/182; PE17/186
rat
root. to find a way
This root first appeared as ᴹ√RAT “walk” in The Etymologies of the 1930s with derivatives like N. râd “path, track”, N. ostrad “street”, N. rath “course, river-bed”, and N. rant “lode, vein”, the last with the meaning Ilk. rant “flow, course of river” in Ilkorin (Ety/RAT). Hints of this root can be seen as early as the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s in words like G. rada “track, path, way” with primitive form rad·, probably actually ✱ᴱ√RATA (GL/64).
ᴹ√RATA reappeared on a rejected page of roots in the Quenya Verbal System from the 1940s with the gloss “go in a line (as a road)” (PE22/127). Above it Tolkien wrote “usually of animals/or two feet is {SRATA}”, perhaps indicating Tolkien was divorcing this root from the sense “walk”, which in later writings seems to be attributed to the root ✱√PAT (PE17/34). In notes from the late 1960s Tolkien glossed √RAT as “find a way”, saying it “applied to persons journeying in the wild; to travel in roadless land; and also to streams and rivers and their courses” (NM/353). In this document it was the basis for S. rant “course” in S. Celebrant “Silverlode”, as well as Q. ratta “track” and S. rath “(climbing) street”, the latter also influenced by √RATH “climb” that was itself a more emphatic variant of √RAT (NM/354).
Derivatives
Variations
- RAT ✧ NM/363
Noldorin
nâr
noun. rat
nâr
noun. rat
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “rat” derived from primitive ᴹ✶nyadrō under the root ᴹ√NYAD “gnaw” (Ety/NYAD). Tolkien gave the intermediate form naðr, but it is not clear why the ð vanished; compare N. nadhor “pasture” < ᴹ√NAD (< ✱nadrō?), and indeed Tolkien had a variant archaic form naðor “rat” which shows the normal phonetic developments (EtyAC/NYAD).
Cognates
- ᴹQ. nyarro “rat” ✧ Ety/NYAD
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources On. naðr > nâr [naðr] > [nâr] ✧ Ety/NYAD
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
Qenya
nyarro
noun. rat
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “rat” derived from primitive ᴹ✶nyadrō under the root ᴹ√NYAD “gnaw” (Ety/NYAD). In The Etymologies as published in The Lost Road, the form was incorrectly given as nyano (LR/379), but Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne corrected this to nyarro in their Addenda and Corrigenda to the Etymologies (VT46/7).
Cognates
- N. nâr “rat” ✧ Ety/NYAD
Derivations
Element in
- ᴺQ. andanyarro “weasel, ferret, mink, stoat, polecat, (lit.) long-rat”
- ᴺQ. carastanyarro “beaver, (lit.) build-rat”
- ᴺQ. nyarrincë “mouse”
- ᴺQ. poco(lle)nyarro “opossum, (lit.) pouch-rat”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ✶nyadrō > nyarro [njadrō] > [njaðrō] > [njarrō] > [njarro] ✧ Ety/NYAD Variations
- nyano ✧ EtyAC/NYAD
vanta
noun. walk, walk, *hike, march
Derivations
- ᴹ√BAT “tread” ✧ Ety/BAT
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√BAT > vanta [banta] > [βanta] > [vanta] ✧ Ety/BAT
Old Noldorin
nadhr
noun. rat
Derivations
Derivatives
- N. nâr “rat” ✧ Ety/NYAD
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ✶nyadrō > naðr > naðor [njadrō] > [nadrō] > [nadro] > [naðro] > [naðr] > [naðor] ✧ Ety/NYAD Variations
- naðr ✧ Ety/NYAD
- naðor ✧ EtyAC/NYAD
Middle Primitive Elvish
nyadrō
noun. rat
Derivations
- ᴹ√NYAD “gnaw” ✧ Ety/NYAD
Derivatives
rat
root. walk, go in a line (as a road), go in a line (as a road), walk
Derivatives
- Ilk. rant “flow, course of river” ✧ Ety/RAT
- ᴹ✶ratā “path, track” ✧ Ety/RAT
- N. râd “path, track” ✧ Ety/RAT
- ᴹ✶rattā̆ “course, river-bed” ✧ Ety/RAT
- ᴹQ. ranta “course” ✧ PE22/127
- ᴺQ. ratta “street, course, river-bed”
- S. râd “path, pass, path, pass, [N.] track”
- N. rada- “to make a way, find a way” ✧ Ety/RAT
- N. rant “lode, vein” ✧ Ety/RAT
Element in
- N. athrad “ford, crossing” ✧ Ety/AT(AT)
- N. Rathloriel “Golden-bed, Bed of Gold” ✧ Ety/LÁWAR
Variations
- RATA ✧ PE22/127 (RATA)
nyarro noun "rat", the most likely reading of Tolkien's manuscript. Christopher Tolkien originally read the word as "nyano" (so in the published Etymologies, entry NYAD), but the "Noldorin"/Sindarin cognates nadhr, nadhor (VT46:7) indicate that the primitive form is meant to be *nyadrō, which form could hardly yield "nyano" in Quenya.