uito interjection "it is not that" (emphatic word for "no"?) Compare ui, náto (VT49:28, 29)
Quenya
ui
no
ui
interjection. no, it is n[ot]
Element in
- Q. uito “it is not that” ✧ VT49/28
Elements
Word Gloss ui- “to not be, to not do”
ui-
verb. to not be, to not do
Derivations
Element in
- Q. epetai i hyarma ú ten ulca símaryassen “consequently the left hand was not to them evil in their imaginations” ✧ VT49/13
- Q. ui “no, it is n[ot]”
- Q. uin carë “I do not make” ✧ PE17/068; PE22/152
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √ū̆gu/gū > ū- [ugu-] > [uɣu-] > [ū-] ✧ VT49/29 √ū̆gu/gū > ui [ugi] > [uɣi] > [ui] ✧ VT49/29 ✶ugilme > uilme [ugilme] > [uɣilme] > [uilme] ✧ VT49/29 Variations
- ú ✧ VT49/13
- ū- ✧ VT49/29 (
ū-)
uito
it is not that
uito
interjection. it is not that
ia
ever
[ia adv. "ever" (GEY, EY); replaced by oia.]
oi
ever
oi adv. "ever" (OY)
u-
not do, not be
#u- vb. "not do, not be" (1st pers. aorist uin "I do not, am not"), pa.t. úmë (UGU/UMU). A late (ca. 1968) source gives the forms uin, uin(yë) "I am not", uil(yë) "you are not", uis "it is not", uilmë "we are not", uir "are not" and endingless ui *"is not" (VT49:29, 36); these forms were however struck out. The example uin carë "I dont" (PE17:68) combines this negative verb with a following verb in the "simplest aorist infinitive". Compare ua in another late source. See also ui, which (despite its use as an interjection "no") seems to be the endingless 3rd person aorist.
il-
verb. no, *un-
il- (prefix) "no, *un-" (LA); cf. ilfirin "immortal" (vs. firin "dead"). This prefix "denotes the opposite, the reversal, i.e. more than the mere negation" (VT42:32). But il- can also mean "all, every"; see ilaurëa, ilqua, ilquen.
oia
everlasting
oia adj. "everlasting" (OY); according to VT46:8 the word is both adjective and adverb. An explicitly adverbial form oiavë is mentioned elsewhere (PE17:74)
tuo
muscle, sinew, vigour, physical strength
tuo noun "muscle, sinew, vigour, physical strength" (TUG)
ua-
not do, not be
ua- negative verb "not do, not be". If a verb is to be negated, ua (coming before the verb) receives any pronominal endings (and presumably also any endings for plurality or duality, -r or -t), whereas the uninflected tense-stem of the verb follows: With the ending -n for "I", one can thus have constructions like uan carë "I do not" (aorist), uan carnë "I did not" (past), uan cára "I am not doing" (present), uan caruva "I shall not do" (future). The verb ua- can itself be fully conjugated: #ua aorist (or present?), únë (past), úva "(future), #uië (perfect) (the aorist and perfect are attested only with the ending -n "I"). In "archaic Quenya" these tense-forms could be combined with an uninflected aorist stem, e.g. future *úvan carë = later Quenya uan caruva, "I shall not do". In later Quenya, only the forms ua (present or aorist) and "occasionally" the past tense form #únë were used in normal prose (únen* "I did not, was not"). (PE17:144; compare FS for úva** as a future-tense negative verb "will not")
ua-
verb. to not be, to not do
Element in
- Q. álamë tulya úsahtienna “[and] lead us not into temptation” ✧ VT43/21; VT43/21
- Q. uan carë “I do not make” ✧ PE17/144
- Q. uan cára “I am not making” ✧ PE17/144
- Q. uan carnë “I did not make” ✧ PE17/144
- Q. uan caruva “I am not going to make” ✧ PE17/144; PE17/144
Variations
- ua ✧ PE17/144
yu-
verb. twi-
yu- or yú- prefix "twi-" or "both" (VT45:13, VT46:23, VT48:20; see yualë, yúcalë, yurasta below). According to PE14:84, yú can function independently as the adverb "twice".
yu-
prefix. both, both, [ᴱQ.] twice
Derivations
- √YU “both, both, [ᴹ√] two” ✧ VT48/10
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √yu- > yu- [ju-] ✧ VT48/10
vaia
envelope
vaia < waia (also vaiya < waiya) noun "envelope", especially of the Outer Sea or Air enfolding the world within the Ilurambar or world-walls (WAY). Cf. váya.
waia
envelope
waia > vaia noun "envelope", especially of the Outer Sea or Air enfolding the world within the Ilurambar or world-walls (WAY) (also vaiya, waiya)
vaiya
envelope
vaiya < waiya (also vaia, waia) noun "envelope", especially of the Outer Sea or Air enfolding the world within the Ilurambar or world-walls (WAY, capitalized Vaiya under GEY; the latter entry was struck out). In a "Qenya" text in MC:214, vaiya is simply translated "sky". In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, vaiya (/ waiya) was also the name of a tengwa letter that does not appear in Tolkien's later table, but which was apparently intended to have the value w > v, like the letter wilya > vilya in the later, canonical system (VT46:21). According to Arden R. Smith, the form of the pre-classical letter is a variant of #21, which letter Tolkien would later call vala (VT46:32).
waiya
envelope
waiya > vaiya (also vaia, waia) noun "envelope", especially of the Outer Sea or Air enfolding the world within the Ilurambar or world-walls (WAY)
yúyo
both
yúyo noun? adv.? "both" (YŪ, VT48:10). Used adjectivally in yúyo má "both hands"; notice that the noun following yúyo receives no plural or dual marker.
yúyo
adjective. both
Derivations
- √YU “both, both, [ᴹ√] two”
Element in
- Q. mahtanë yúyo má véla “*wield both hands alike” ✧ VT49/10
illumë
always
illumë adv. "always" (VT44:9)
úlumë
ever
úlumë adv. "ever", at all times (in a series or period) (PE17:156). Cf. ullumë.
voro
ever, continually
voro, voro- adv. "ever, continually" (BOR, Narqelion) Compare vor. (Focusing on the gloss "continually", post-Tolkien writers have sometimes used voro for "still, yet", but for this sense the term en is available.) The variants vora, vorë were used for "always" in drafts for a Quenya version of the Sub Tuum Praesidium, but Tolkien eventually replaced such forms with the unrelated word illumë (VT44:9). Compare vórë, vórëa.
atta
cardinal. two
atta (1) cardinal "two" (AT(AT), Letters:427, VT42:26, 27, VT48:6, 19). Elen atta "two stars" (VT49:44); notice how a noun is indeclinable before this numeral, and any case endings are "singular" and added to the numeral rather than the noun, e.g. genitive elen atto "of two stars" (VT49:45). Attalyar "Bipeds" (sg. *Attalya) = Petty-dwarves (from Sindarin Tad-dail) (WJ:389). A word atta_ "again" was struck out; see the entry _TAT in Etym and cf. ata in this list.
atta
cardinal. two
Cognates
Derivations
Element in
- Q. Atan “Man, (lit.) the Second (People)”
- Q. attalya “biped, *(lit.) two-footed”
- Q. attëa “second”
- ᴺQ. attië “group of two, couple, pair”
- ᴺQ. attindo “doubt, (lit.) two mind”
- Q. Attólamaitë “biconsonantal”
- Q. elen atto “of 2 stars” ✧ VT49/45
- Q. nai elen atta siluvat aurenna veryanwesto “*may two stars shine upon the day of your wedding” ✧ VT49/44; VT49/44
- Q. tatya “second”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶atata > atta [atata] > [atta] ✧ VT42/27 ✶atta > atta [atta] ✧ VT48/19
la
no, not
la negation "no, not" (see lá); also prefix la- as in lacarë, q.v. (VT45:25)
lá
no, not
lá (1) adv. "no, not" (LA, VT45:25) According to VT42:33, lá is the stressed form, alternating with la when the negation is unstressed. In another conceptual phase of Tolkien's, lá had the opposite meaning "yes" (VT42:32-33), but this idea is contradicted by both earlier and later material: usually lá is conceived as a negation. The negation can receive tense markers and be used as a negative verb "when [another] verb is not expressed" (VT49:13), apparently where the phrase "is not" is followed by a noun or an adjective as a predicate, or where some verb is understood, as in English "I do not" (i.e. "I do not do whatever the context indicates"). With pronominal endings la- in the aorist, e.g. lanyë "I do not, am not" (etc.) (Tolkien abandoned the form lamin.) Exemplified in the sentence melin sé apa lanyë hé *"I love him but I do not [love] him" (another person) (VT49:15). Present tense laia, past lánë, perfect alaië, future lauva.
lá-
verb. to not be
Changes
lamin→ lanye ✧ VT49/13Derivations
Element in
- Q. ála “do not” ✧ VT43/22
- Q. epetai i hyarma ú ten ulca símaryassen “consequently the left hand was not to them evil in their imaginations” ✧ VT49/13
- ᴺQ. laitë “false”
- Q. melin sé apa lanyë hé “I love him but not him (the other)” ✧ VT49/15
- Q. melinyes apa la hé “I love him but not him (the other)” ✧ VT49/15
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶lā > lanye [lanye] ✧ PE22/153 ✶lājā > laia [lājā] > [laijā] > [laija] > [laia] ✧ PE22/153 √(A)LA > lā- [lā-] ✧ PE22/156 √ala > lá [lā-] ✧ VT42/33 √ala > lā [lā-] ✧ VT49/13 ✶lājā > laia [lājā] > [laijā] > [laija] > [laia] ✧ VT49/13 Variations
- la ✧ PE22/154; VT43/22; VT49/15
- lā- ✧ PE22/156
- lá ✧ VT42/33; VT49/13; VT49/13
- lā ✧ VT49/13
- lamin ✧ VT49/13 (
lamin)
ohte
noun. egg
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ohtë
noun. egg
Cognates
- ᴺS. och “egg”
Derivations
- ᴺ✶. OKH “*egg”
satto
cardinal. two
satto, "Qenya" numeral "two" (in Tolkiens later Quenya atta) (VT49:54)
vor
ever
vor, voro adv. "ever" (BOR, LT1:250, 273 [only voro_ in the Etymologies]; also in Narqelion)_
vora
always
vora, vorë adv. "always"; see voro
ui interjection "no" (originally an endingless negative verb in the 3rd person aorist: "it is not [so]"; see #u-). Apparently this is the word for "no" used to deny that something is true (compare vá, which is rather used to reject orders, or to issue negative orders). (VT49:28) Compare uito.