Vala (1) noun "Power, God, angelic power", pl. Valar or Vali (BAL, Appendix E, LT2:348), described as "angelic governors" or "angelic guardians" (Letters:354, 407). The Valar are a group of immensely powerful spirits guarding the world on behalf of its Creator; they are sometimes called Gods (as when Valacirca, q.v., is translated "Sickle of the Gods"), but this is strictly wrong according to Christian terminology: the Valar were created beings. The noun vala is also the name of tengwa #22 (Appendix E). Genitive plural Valion "of the Valar" (FS, MR:18); this form shows the pl. Vali, (irregular) alternative to Valar (the straightforward gen. pl. Valaron is also attested, PE17:175). Pl. allative valannar *"to/on the Valar" (LR:47, 56; SD:246). Feminine form Valië (Silm), in Tolkiens earlier material also Valdë; his early writings also list Valon or Valmo (q.v.) as specifically masc. forms. The gender-specific forms are not obligatory; thus in PE17:22 Varda is called a Vala (not a Valië), likewise Yavanna in PE17:93. Vala is properly or originally a verb "has power" (sc. over the matter of Eä, the universe), also used as a noun "a Power" _(WJ:403). The verb vala- "rule, order", exclusively used with reference to the Valar, is only attested in the sentences á vala Manwë! "may Manwë order it!" and Valar valuvar "the will of the Valar will be done" (WJ:404). However, Tolkien did not originally intend the word Valar to signify "powers"; in his early conception it apparently meant "the happy ones", cf. valto, vald- (LT2:348)_. For various compounds including the word Vala(r), see below.
Quenya
Númevalion
of the west-powers
Vala
power, god, angelic power
vala
noun. (Angelic) Power, ‘God’, Authority, (Angelic) Power, Authority, God
Cognates
- S. Balan “Vala, Vala, [N.] Power, God” ✧ PE17/048; SA/val
Derivations
- √BAL “power; powerful, mighty; have power” ✧ PE17/048; PE17/048; SA/val
Element in
- Q. lan i Valaron arcanwar tauvar “*while the thrones of the Valar endure” ✧ PE22/147; PE22/147
- Q. Nasser ar Cenime Cantar Valaron ar Maiaron “The Natures and Visible Shapes of the Valar and Maiar” ✧ PE17/175
- Q. Pelóri Valion “Mountains of Valinor” ✧ MR/018
- Q. Valacar “*Vala Helm” ✧ PE17/114
- Q. Valacirca “Sickle of the Valar” ✧ S/048; SA/val
- Q. Valandil “Lover of the Valar” ✧ Let/386
- Q. Valandor “Land of the Valar”
- Q. Valandur “*Servant of the Vala”
- Q. Valanya “*Friday, Vala-day”
- Q. Valaquenta “Account of the Valar” ✧ SA/val
- Q. Valar ar Maiar fantaner nassentar fanainen ve quenderinwe coar ar larmar “Valar and Maiar cloaked their true-being in veils, like to Elvish bodies and raiment” ✧ PE17/174; PE17/175
- Q. Valarauko “Demon of Might” ✧ SA/val
- Q. Valarin
- Q. Valaróma “Horn of Oromë, *(lit.) Vala-horn”
- Q. Valar valuvar “the will of the Valar will be done” ✧ WJ/404
- Q. Valimar “Dwelling of the Valar” ✧ PE17/074; SA/val
- Q. Valinórë “Land of the Valar” ✧ Let/198; PE17/074; SA/val
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √BAL > Valar [balar] > [βalar] > [valar] ✧ PE17/048 √BAL > Vala [bala] > [βala] > [vala] ✧ PE17/048 √bal- > val- [bala] > [βala] > [vala] ✧ SA/val Variations
- vala ✧ LotR/1123
-on
name
-on gen.pl. ending (3O), in aldaron, aranion, elenion, Eldaron, #esseron, Ingweron, Istarion, Númevalion, Quendion, Silmarillion, Sindaron, tasarion (see Nan-Tasarion), Valion, wenderon, yénion. Normally the ending -on is added to the nominative plural, whether it ends in -i or -r, but some nouns in -ë that would have nominative plurals in -i seem to prefer the ending -ron in the genitive (hence #esseron as the gen. pl. of essë "name", though the nominative pl. is attested as essi and we might have expected the gen. pl. *ession; similarly wenderon, Ingweron).
sanda
name
[sanda, sandë] (þ) (2) noun "name" (VT46:16)
sanya
name
[sanya] (þ) (2) noun ?"name" (reading of gloss uncertain, VT46:16)
esse
noun. name
essë
name
essë (1) noun "name", also later name of Tengwa #31, originally (MET) called árë (ázë). (Appendix E). With a pronominal ending esselya "thy name" (VT43:14). Pl. #essi in PM:339 and MR:470, gen.pl. #esseron "of names" in the compound Nómesseron (q.v.); we would rather have expected *ession, given the nom.pl. essi; perhaps #esser is a valid alternative plural form. Essecarmë noun "name-making" (MR:214, 470), Eldarin ceremony where the father announces the name of his child. Essecenta *("k") noun "Name-essay" (see centa) (MR:415); Essecilmë noun "name-choosing", an Eldarin ceremony where a child named him- or herself according to personal lámatyávë (q.v.) (MR:214, 471). The meaning Tolkien originally assigned to the word essë** in the Etymologies was "place" rather than "name" (VT45:12).
essë
noun. name
Cognates
- ᴺS. ess “name”
Derivations
- ᴹ√ES “indicate, name”
Element in
- Q. amilessë “mother-name”
- Q. anessë “given (or added) name, nickname, surname” ✧ MR/216
- Q. cilmessë “self-name”
- Q. epessë “after-name”
- Q. Essecarmë “Name-making” ✧ MR/470
- Q. Essecenta Eldarinwa “Enquiry (into the origins) of the Elvish names” ✧ WJ/359
- Q. Essecilmë “Name-choosing” ✧ MR/470
- Q. na airë esselya “hallowed be thy name” ✧ VT43/14
- Q. nómessë “place-name” ✧ VT42/17
- Q. notessë “numeral”
- ᴺQ. tengessë “address, (lit.) indication-name”
Variations
- esse ✧ LotR/1123
- essë ✧ MR/470
- Esse ✧ WJ/359
esta-
verb. name
Númevalion noun *"of the West-powers" (SD:290); cf. Valion