A word in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√SPAR “strew, spread, ?scatter” with two unclear glosses, one of which might be “carpet” (EtyAC/SPAR²). Its other gloss is even less clear, but might be “string” or “stray” according to Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne.
Qenya
samno
noun. carpenter, wright, builder
farma
noun. ?carpet
karaste
noun. making, manufacture, construction
A noun appearing as ᴹQ. karaste “making, manufacture, construction” in the Quenya Verb Structure of the 1940s, a combination of kar- “do, make, build” with the general action verbal suffix -ste (PE22/110).
Neo-Quenya: In Tolkien’s later writing, this verbal suffix became -sta (PE22/137), so I would update this noun form to ᴺQ. carasta “making, manufacture, construction”, which aligns nicely with the later verb carasta- “to build”.
kar
noun. building, house
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “building, house” under the root ᴹ√KAR “make, build, construct” (Ety/KAR).
kar
noun. deed
kar-
verb. to do, make, build
karakse
noun. jagged hedge of spikes
karka
noun. tooth
karne
adjective. red
harna
noun. helmet
ampana-
verb. to build
A verb for “to build” in the Quenya Verbal System of 1948, attested only in its imperfect passive participle form {ampananta >>} ampanaina “while it was being built” (PE22/108). A longer and better attested verb of the same meaning is ᴹQ. ampanóta-.
anto
noun. mouth
arkimbele
place name. Rivendell
A Quenya name for Imladris(t) (Rivendell) appearing only in the locative form Arkimbelesse “at Rivendell” in linguistic notes from the 1940s (PE22/125). The etymology of the name is unclear, but it may be a combination of arka “narrow” and imbe “dell” as suggested to me by Lokyt in a Discord conversation from 2021-08-25.
harpa
noun. helmet
he
pronoun. they
imbeláris
place name. Rivendell
A Quenya name for Imladris(t) (Rivendell) given on a rejected page of linguistic notes from the 1940s (PE22/127), simply a Quenyarized form of the Noldorin name.
karaite
adjective. able to make, handy, crafty, craftsmanlike, skilled
karamaite
adjective. able to make, handy, crafty, craftsmanlike, skilled
karanya-
verb. to make red, redden
karie
noun. making
karina
adjective. made
karkane
noun. row of teeth
A word for a “row of teeth” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, an elaboration of ᴹQ. karka “tooth” (Ety/KARAK).
kas
noun. head
kas
noun. head
kassa
noun. helmet
korko
noun. crow
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “crow” derived from the root ᴹ√KORKA of the same meaning, replacing rejected ᴹQ. karko derived from ᴹ√KARKA (Ety/KARKA).
Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. karon “crow” (QL/45), a word that was also mentioned in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/45). In the Quendi and Eldar essay from 1959-60, Tolkien had Q. quáco “crow” derived from primitive ✶k(a)wāk (WJ/395), but in notes from the late 1960s Tolkien instead had Q. {koake >>} quácë “frog” < ✶kāwāk, with primitive ✶kā for “crow” (VT47/36).
Neo-Quenya: Since quácë “frog” is later than (and possibly replaces) Q. quáco “crow”, I prefer corco as “crow” for purposes of Neo-Quenya.
kár
noun. head
latimberista
place name. Rivendell
A Quenya name for Imladris(t) (Rivendell) given on a rejected paged of linguistic notes from the 1940s (PE22/127). The elements of this Quenya name are the same as its Noldorin cognate: Tolkien stated that is initial element is latimbe “glen” (√LAT + imbe), and its final element is clearly rista “cut”. On the same page, Tolkien stated that this name was not used in practice, and was replaced the Quenyarized form of the Noldorin name: Imbeláris.
le
pronoun. you
lin-
verb. to sing
min
cardinal. one
mine
cardinal. one
morko
noun. bear
nangwa
noun. jaw
A noun for “jaw” The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶nakma under the root ᴹ√NAK “bite” (Ety/NAK). It was possibly displaced by anca “jaw, jaws”, which was also introduced in The Etymologies of the 1930s, but continued to appear in later documents included The Lord of the Rings Appendix E (LotR/1123). However, it might be that nangwa refers to a single “jaw” (upper or lower), while anca refers collectively to both “jaws”.
nele
noun. tooth
nelet
noun. tooth
The normal Quenya word for “tooth”, appearing in The Etymologies written around 1937 derived from the root ᴹ√NELEK of the same meaning (Ety/NÉL-EK), where the final k became t. Its plural form nelki [nelci] indicates a stem form of nelk- [nelc-], since in most inflected forms the word would undergo the Quenya syncope and loose the second e. A variant form nelke (EtyAC/NÉL-EK) may reflect a reformation to align with those inflected forms.
Conceptual Development: In the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s Tolkien had ᴱQ. nele (neli-) “tooth” under the early root ᴱ√NELE (QL/65), a word also mentioned in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon (PME/65). In Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s Tolkien instead had ᴱQ. nyat “tooth” (PE16/136), but that seems to have been a transient idea. ᴹQ. nelet first appeared in Common Eldarin: Noun Structure from 1936 alongside variant nelke, but it was replaced by nele and then later nelke was deleted as well (PE21/56 and note #12). Both nelet and variant nelke were restored in The Etymologies (see above).
Primitive √nelek “tooth” was mentioned in Common Eldarin: Noun Structure from the early 1950s, but its Quenya derivatives were not listed.
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I’d use nelet (nelc-) “tooth” as the traditional form of this word, with nelcë as a modern variant with more regular inflections.
nelke
noun. tooth
o-
prefix. together
pé
noun. mouth
roina
adjective. ruddy
se
pronoun. they
suhto
noun. draught, draught, *a single act of drinking
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “draught” derived from the root ᴹ√SUK “drink” (Ety/SUK).
Neo-Quenya: This noun may have been replaced by Q. yulda “something drunk, a drink, a draught” (LotR/377; PE17/63), but I think suhto might be retained in reference to “a single act of drinking” vs. yulda for “a drink, the thing drunk”.
ti
pronoun. they
toi
pronoun. they
tul-
verb. to come
ve
preposition. with
wa-
prefix. together
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s appearing as {sauro >>} samno “carpenter, wright, builder” derived from primitive ᴹ✶stabnō under the root ᴹ√STAB having to do with (wooden) rooms and buildings (Ety/STAB), where the ancient bn nasalized to mn. For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would limit this word to one who constructs buildings with wood, as opposed to tautamo as a more general word for a craftsman in wood.