Quenya 

engwa

sickly

engwa adj. "sickly"; nominal pl. Engwar "the Sickly", Elvish name of Mortal Men (Silm, GENG-WĀ)

engwa

adjective. sickly

An adjective for “sickly” in The Etymologies of the 1930s from the root ᴹ√GENG-WA “sick” (Ety/GENG-WĀ), used in its noun plural form ᴹQ. Engwar “The Sickly” as a name for Men (LR/245). Christopher Tolkien kept Engwar in the published version of The Silmarillion (S/103).

Derivations

Element in

  • Q. Engwar “Men, (lit.) The Sickly” ✧ S/103

harma

treasure, a treasured thing

harma (1) noun "treasure, a treasured thing" (3AR), also name of tengwa #11, later (MET) called aha (Appendix E).

harma

noun. treasure, treasure, [ᴹQ.] treasured thing

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ƷAR “have, hold”

Element in

  • ᴺQ. sundoharmar “capital [funds], (lit.) base treasures”

harwë

treasure, treasury

harwë (2) noun "treasure, treasury" (3AR)(For clarity, harma may be used for "treasure")

mírë

jewel

mírë noun "jewel" (MIR, SA:mîr), "a treasure, a precious thing" (PE17:37).Cf. Elemmírë; short form -mir in Tar-Atanamir (SA:mîr); see also Artamir.

mírë

noun/adjective. jewel, gem, precious thing, treasure; precious

A word first appearing with the gloss “jewel, precious thing, treasure” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√MIR (Ety/MIR). It appeared regularly in Tolkien’s later writings with the same etymology and glosses like “gem”, “jewel” and “precious thing”, and it was a common element in names. In one place Tolkien said it could also be used as an adjective “precious” (PE17/165).

Cognates

  • S. mîr “jewel, precious thing, treasure” ✧ PE17/024; PE17/037; PE17/073; PE17/165; SA/mîr

Derivations

  • MIR “precious; esteem, value” ✧ PE17/037; PE17/165
  • mīrĭ “precious, precious thing” ✧ PE17/165
    • MIR “precious; esteem, value” ✧ PE17/165

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
MIR > mírë[mīre]✧ PE17/037
mīrĭ > míre[mīri] > [mīre]✧ PE17/165
MIR > mīre[mīre]✧ PE17/165

Variations

  • míre ✧ PE17/024; PE17/073; PE17/165; PE19/096
  • mīre ✧ PE17/165
Quenya [LotR/0377; PE17/024; PE17/037; PE17/073; PE17/165; PE19/096; RGEO/58; RGEO/59; SA/mîr] Group: Eldamo. Published by

quámëa

sick

quámëa ("q")adj. "sick" (evidently = nauseous, cf. quámë and the verb quama-) (QL:76)

laiwa

sick, sickly, ill

laiwa adj. "sick, sickly, ill" (SLIW, VT45:28). Since Tolkien eventually decided that roots in sl- yield Quenya words in hl- (though this was pronounced l- in late Exilic Quenya), it may be that the spelling *hlaiwa is to be preferred.

sincë

noun. mineral [as in any solid inorganic substance], gem, metal

Cognates

  • ᴺS. sinc “*mineral, [G.] metal”

Derivations

Element in

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

Sindarin 

mírdan

noun. jewel-smith

Sindarin [S/401] mîr+tân. Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhaew

adjective. sickly, sick, ill

Sindarin [Ety/386, X/OE, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

mîr

noun. jewel, precious thing, treasure

Sindarin [Ety/373, LotR/E, S/434, PM/348, LB/354, RGEO/73] Group: SINDICT. Published by

mîr

noun. jewel

_ n. _jewel, precious thing. Q. míre, pl1. míri. >> advir

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:165] < MĬR precious. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

gem

sickly

gem (lenited em, pl. gim).

gem

sickly

gem (lenited em, pl. gim)

gem

sickly

(lenited ’em, pl. gim).

ingem

year-sick

(pl. ingim)

gern

worn

gern (old, of things), lenited ern, pl. girn

gern

worn

(old, of things), lenited ’ern, pl. girn

mirion

great jewel

(i Virion), pl. Míryn (i Míryn). (LR:373 s.v. MIR lists the archaic ”Noldorin” plural Miruin.)

mírdan

jewel-smith

(i vírdan), pl. mírdain (i mírdain)

lhaew

sick, sickly

*lhaew (ill), lenited ?thlaew or ?laew (the lenition product of lh is uncertain); no distinct pl. form. Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” thloew, flaew.

lhaew

sick, sickly

(ill), lenited ?thlaew or ?laew (the lenition product of lh is uncertain); no distinct pl. form. Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” thloew, flaew.

mîr

treasure

mîr (i vîr, construct mir) (precious thing, jewel), no distinct pl. form except with article (i mîr), coll. pl. míriath.

mîr

treasure

(i vîr, construct mir) (precious thing, jewel), no distinct pl. form except with article (i mîr), coll. pl. míriath.

mîr

jewel

mîr (i vîr, construct mir) (precious thing, treasure), no distinct pl. form except with article (i mîr), coll. pl. míriath. GREAT JEWEL (Silmaril) Mirion (i Virion), pl. Míryn (i Míryn). (LR:373 s.v. MIR lists the archaic ”Noldorin” plural Miruin.)

mîr

jewel

(i vîr, construct mir) (precious thing, treasure), no distinct pl. form except with article (i mîr), coll. pl. míriath.

golovir

noldo-jewel

(i Ngolovir = i Ñolovir, o N’golovir = o Ñgolovir), no distinct pl. form except with article (in Golovir = i Ñgolovir). Adj.

míriel

jewel-like

(lenited víriel, pl. míril) (sparkling like a jewel)

Adûnaic

zimra Reconstructed

noun. jewel

An element appearing in the names Zimraphel (UT/224) and Zimrathôn (UT/222) and also the Hadorian name Zimrahin (WJ/234). The corresponding Quenya names Q. Míriel and Q. Hostamir both seem to contain mírë “jewel”, so this is the likely meaning of the Adûnaic word as well, as suggested by most authors (AAD/25, AL/Adûnaic, EotAL/ZIM’R).

Element in

Noldorin 

gem

adjective. sickly

Noldorin [Ety/358] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gem

adjective. sickly

An adjective for “sickly” in The Etymologies of the 1930s from the root ᴹ√GENG-WA “sick” (Ety/GENG-WĀ), where the ancient cluster ngw became mb as usual in Noldorin and Sindarin.

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. engwa “sickly” ✧ Ety/GENG-WĀ

Derivations

  • ᴹ√GENGWA “sick” ✧ Ety/GENG-WĀ

Element in

  • N. ingem “old (in mortal sense), suffering from old age, decrepit, (lit.) year-sick” ✧ Ety/GENG-WĀ

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√GENG-WĀ > gemb > gem[geŋgwā] > [gembā] > [gemba] > [gemb] > [gemb] > [gemm] > [gem]✧ Ety/GENG-WĀ
Noldorin [Ety/GENG-WĀ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gemb

adjective. sickly

Noldorin [Ety/358] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gern

adjective. worn, old, decripit (used of things only)

Noldorin [Ety/360] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gern

adjective. worn, old, decrepit (of things)

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. yerna “old, worn” ✧ Ety/GYER

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶gyernā “old, worn, decrepit (of things)” ✧ Ety/GYER
    • ᴹ√GYER “*old, worn out (of things)” ✧ Ety/GYER

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶gyernā > gern[gjernā] > [gernā] > [gerna] > [gern]✧ Ety/GYER

Variations

  • gem ✧ EtyAC/YA
Noldorin [Ety/GYER; Ety/YA; EtyAC/YA] Group: Eldamo. Published by

flaew

adjective. sickly, sick, ill

Noldorin [Ety/386, X/OE, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

mirion

noun. great jewel, Silmaril

Noldorin [Ety/373] Group: SINDICT. Published by

mîr

noun. jewel, precious thing, treasure

Noldorin [Ety/373, LotR/E, S/434, PM/348, LB/354, RGEO/73] Group: SINDICT. Published by

thlaew

adjective. sickly, sick, ill

Noldorin [Ety/386, X/OE, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

thloew

adjective. sickly, sick, ill

Noldorin [Ety/386, X/OE, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

engwa

adjective. sickly

Cognates

  • N. gem “sickly” ✧ Ety/GENG-WĀ

Derivations

  • ᴹ√GENGWA “sick” ✧ Ety/GENG-WĀ

Element in

  • ᴹQ. Engwar “The Sickly” ✧ Ety/GENG-WĀ

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√GENG-WĀ > engwa[geŋgwā] > [ɣeŋgwā] > [eŋgwā] > [eŋgwa]✧ Ety/GENG-WĀ

Variations

  • engwa ✧ Ety/GENG-WĀ
Qenya [Ety/GENG-WĀ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Doriathrin

mîr Reconstructed

noun. jewel

A word for “jewel” attested only in compounds, probably of the same derivation and meaning as its Noldorin cognate N. mîr.

Cognates

  • N. mîr “jewel, precious thing, treasure”
  • ᴹQ. míre “jewel, precious thing, treasure”

Derivations

  • ᴹ√MIR “*precious”

Element in

Middle Primitive Elvish

gem

root. *sick

Middle Primitive Elvish Group: Eldamo. Published by

geng

root. *sick

Middle Primitive Elvish Group: Eldamo. Published by

gengwa

root. sick

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “sick” with derivatives ᴹQ. engwa/N. gem “sickly” (Ety/GENG-WĀ). It was given as ᴹ√GENG-WĀ, and thus represented an extension of an otherwise unattested root ᴹ√GENG. In the entry for ᴹ√YEN from The Etymologies it appeared as ᴹ√GEM in the discussion of N. ingem “old, (lit.) year-sick” (EtyAC/YEN), but I believe this represents the Noldorin phonetic developments of the true primitive form rather than a conceptual variation. The continued appearance of Q. Engwar in The Silmarillion narratives of the 1950s and 60s hints that this root may have remained valid as well.

Derivatives

  • Q. engwa “sickly”
  • ᴹQ. engwa “sickly” ✧ Ety/GENG-WĀ
  • N. gem “sickly” ✧ Ety/GENG-WĀ

Element in

  • N. ingem “old (in mortal sense), suffering from old age, decrepit, (lit.) year-sick” ✧ Ety/YA; Ety/YEN

Variations

  • GENG-WĀ ✧ Ety/GENG-WĀ; Ety/YA; EtyAC/GENG-WĀ; EtyAC/YEN
  • GEM ✧ Ety/YEN
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/GENG-WĀ; Ety/YA; Ety/YEN; EtyAC/GENG-WĀ; EtyAC/YEN] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kwam

root. *sick

A root connected to sickness, first appearing as ᴱ√QAMA from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with derivatives like ᴱQ. qáme “sickness, nausea”, ᴱQ. qama- “to be ill, vomit”, G. cwam “ill”, and G. côma “disease, illness” (QL/76; GL/26, 28). It reappeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s as ᴹ√KWAM with derivatives ᴹQ. qáme, N. paw and Ilk. côm “sickness” (Ety/KWAM). It does not appear again in Tolkien’s later writing, but there is nothing contradicting its validity either.

Derivatives

  • Ilk. côm “sickness” ✧ Ety/KWAM
  • ᴹQ. qáme “sickness, sickness, [ᴱQ.] nausea” ✧ Ety/KWAM
  • ᴺQ. quam- “to be ill, vomit”
  • ᴺS. pavra- “to ail, be ill”
  • N. paw “sickness, sickness, *illness, ailment” ✧ Ety/KWAM
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/KWAM] Group: Eldamo. Published by

sliw

root. sickly

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “sickly”, with derivatives like ᴹQ. laiwa/N. flaew “sickly, sick, ill” and ᴹQ. líve/N. fliw “sickness” (Ety/SLIW). The root was first written as ᴹ√LIW (EtyAC/LIW). It is probably a later iteration of the unglossed root ᴱ√LEẆE from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with derivatives ᴱQ. leuke “sick, ill; pallid, wan” and ᴱQ. leume “sickness” (QL/53).

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶slaiwā “sickly, sick, ill” ✧ Ety/SLIW
    • ᴹQ. laiwa “sickly, sick, ill” ✧ Ety/SLIW
    • On. thlaiwa “sickly, sick, ill” ✧ Ety/SLIW
    • N. flaew “sickly, sick, ill” ✧ Ety/SLIW
  • ᴹ✶slīwē “sickness” ✧ Ety/SLIW
    • ᴹQ. líve “sickness” ✧ Ety/SLIW
    • On. thlīwe “sickness” ✧ Ety/SLIW
    • N. fliw “sickness” ✧ Ety/SLIW
  • ᴹQ. laiwa “sickly, sick, ill” ✧ EtyAC/LIW
  • ᴹQ. líve “sickness” ✧ EtyAC/LIW
  • N. flaew “sickly, sick, ill” ✧ EtyAC/LIW
  • N. fliw “sickness” ✧ EtyAC/LIW
  • ᴺS. lhýda- “to make sick, sicken”

Variations

  • LIW ✧ EtyAC/LIW (LIW)
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/SLIW; EtyAC/LIW] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

himp

noun. jewel

Cognates

  • Eq. sinqe “jewel, gem”
Early Noldorin [PE13/147] Group: Eldamo. Published by

naud

noun. treasure

Changes

  • nodnaud “gem” ✧ PE13/150

Variations

  • nod ✧ PE13/150 (nod)
Early Noldorin [PE13/150] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Primitive Elvish

leẇe

root. *sick

Derivatives

  • Eq. leuke “sick, ill; pallid, wan” ✧ QL/053
  • Eq. leume “sickness” ✧ QL/053
Early Primitive Elvish [QL/053] Group: Eldamo. Published by

qama

root. *sick

Derivatives

  • ᴱ✶qāmē
    • G. côma “disease, illness” ✧ GL/26
  • Eq. qamba “unwell, sick” ✧ QL/076
  • Eq. qáme “sickness, nausea” ✧ QL/076
  • Eq. qama- “to be ill, vomit” ✧ QL/076
  • G. cwam “ill”
  • G. cwanc “sickly, poorly, seedy”
Early Primitive Elvish [QL/076] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

sinqe

noun. jewel, gem

A noun given as ᴱQ. sink (sinq-) “mineral, metal, gem” in the Qenya Lexicon, a derivative of the root ᴱ√SINI “pale blue” (QL/83), transferred from the root ᴱ√SṆTYṆ “twinkle” where the word was only glossed “gem” (QL/85). The word sink (sinq-) “mineral, gem” also appeared in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/83). In the Early Qenya Grammar and word lists of the 1920s, this word became ᴱQ. sinqe “jewel, gem” (PE14/42, 71; PE15/72, 74).

Neo-Quenya: I think this word may be adapted to Neo-Quenya as ᴺQ. sincë (sinci-) based on the primitive form ✶sinki seen in ✶sinkitamo > Q. sintamo “smith” (PE17/108). I think this word refers to minerals in general (any solid inorganic substance), as opposed to words for more specific categories of substances like Q. ondo “stone”, Q. tinco “metal”, or Q. mírë “gem”.

Cognates

  • En. himp “jewel”

Element in

Elements

WordGloss
sink“mineral, gem, metal”
Early Quenya [PE14/042; PE14/044; PE14/071; PE14/074; PE14/078; PE15/72; PE15/74; PE16/111; VT40/08] Group: Eldamo. Published by

sink

noun. mineral, gem, metal

Cognates

Derivations

  • ᴱ√SINI “pale blue‽” ✧ QL/083
  • ᴱ√SṆTYṆ “twinkle” ✧ QL/085

Element in

  • Eq. sinqevoite “gemmed” ✧ QL/083; QL/085 (sinqevo??)
  • Eq. sinqe “jewel, gem”
  • Eq. sinqe?? “sparkle as with gems” ✧ QL/085 (sinqe??)
  • Eq. sinqele “mine” ✧ QL/083
  • Eq. sinqina “metallic” ✧ QL/083

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√SINI > sink[siŋkʷ] > [siŋk]✧ QL/083
Early Quenya [PME/083; QL/083; QL/085] Group: Eldamo. Published by

qámea

adjective. sick

A word appearing as qāmea “sick” in Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, an adjective form of ᴱQ. qáme “sickness, nausea” (QL/76).

Neo-Quenya: Since ᴹQ. qáme “sickness” appears in Tolkien’s later writings (Ety/KWAM), I would retain ᴺQ. quámëa for purposes of Neo-Quenya, but given the meaning of its noun form I would assume its primary meaning is “✱nauseous”, as opposed to generally sick which would be [ᴺQ.] hlaiwa.

Cognates

Variations

  • qāmea ✧ QL/076
Early Quenya [QL/076] Group: Eldamo. Published by