pan

since

pan adv. "since" (in the sense of because) (VT49:17, 18). The word comes from a text that was later struck out; we cannot know whether Tolkien rejected the word as such.

pan

conjunction. *since

Changes

• pan → an “*since” ✧ VT49/18

panya-

fix, set

panya- vb. "fix, set" (PAN). The verb napan- (q.v.), "add" or literally *"to-set", may argue the existence of a shorter stem #pan- as well.

nómë

place

#nómë noun "place", isolated from Nómesseron, q.v. Cf. also sinomë.

nómë

noun. place

Derivations

• √NOM “place”

Element in

• ᴺQ. ainomë “anyplace, anywhere”
• ᴺQ. ilinomë “everywhere”
• ᴺQ. istanómë “school, academy”
• ᴺQ. mancanómë “market, market-place”
• ᴺQ. minomë “instead, in place of, in exchange of”
• ᴺQ. nanomë “someplace, somewhere”
• ᴺQ. nómëa “local”
• ᴺQ. nómessëa “local”
• Q. nómessë “place-name” ✧ VT42/17
• ᴺQ. -non “-place, -spot (forms place-names, area nouns)”
• Q. Quentalë Ardanómion “*History of the Places of Arda” ✧ WJ/206
• Q. sinomë “here, (lit.) in this place”
• Q. tanomë “there, (lit.) in the place (referred to)”

Variations

• Nóme ✧ VT42/17 (Nóme)

tulca-

fix, set up, establish

tulca- (2) ("k") vb. "fix, set up, establish" (LT1:270)

pan

conjunction. *since, because

@@@ NQNT frequently uses the instrumental where English uses “because”, e.g. poldorelyanen “because of your strength, (lit.) by means of your strength”. NQNT generally uses pan for “since, because” when used as a conjugation joining phrases: pan pennelte savie “since they lacked faith”. Tamas Ferencz suggests that an “for” might also be used this way, though I think the meaning would be slightly different. However, Tolkien himself seems to have used an in this way in the Ambidexters Sentence: úsië, an cé mo quernë cendelë númenna, ve senya i hyarma tentanë Melcorello: “on the contrary, for [because] if one turned the face westward, as was usual the left hand pointed away from Melkor”.

This word probably should not be used temporally, as in the English “since then”. Sami Paldanius suggested the phrase lúmello yá “from a time when ...” for that purpose.

Elements

Word	Gloss
pá	“touching, against, on (above but touching); as regards, concerning, touching, against, on (above but touching); as regards, concerning, [ᴹQ.] about”

italo

conjunction. since

Elements

Word	Gloss
ita	“that which, what”

pan

noun. arrangement, settlement, *grouping; place, spot

Derivations

• √PAN “arrange, set in order, arrange, set in order; [ᴹ√] place, set, fix in place (especially of wood)”

pân

fixed board in a floor

(i bân, o phân, construct pan) (plank), pl. pain (i phain). Not to be confused with the adj. ✱pân ”all”.

pân

plank

pân (i bân, o phân, construct pan) (fixed board in a floor), pl. pain (i phain). Not to be confused with the adj. *pân ”all”.

pân

plank

(i bân, o phân, construct pan) (fixed board in a floor), pl. pain (i phain). Not to be confused with the adj. ✱pân ”all”.

pân

board

(fixed board in a floor) pân (i bân, o phân, construct pan) (plank), pl. pain (i phain). Not to be confused with the adj. *pân ”all”.

pân

board

(i bân, o phân, construct pan) (plank), pl. pain (i phain). Not to be confused with the adj. ✱pân ”all”.

land

open space

(construct lan, pl. laind) (level), also used as adjective ”wide, plain”.

sant

privately owned place

(i hant, o sant) (field, garden, yard), pl. saint (i saint) (VT42:20)

pathu

level place

(i bathu) (sward), analogical pl. pethy (i phethy). Cited in archaic form pathw in the source (LR:380 s.v. PATH); hence the coll. pl. is likely pathwath. In the Etymologies as printed in

penia

fix

penia- (i benia, i pheniar) (set);

penia

fix

(i benia, i pheniar) (set);

sâd

place

sâd (-had; i hâd, o sâd, construct sad) (spot, limited area naturally or artificially defined), pl. said (i said) (UT:314, VT42:20)

sâd

place

(-had; i hâd, o sâd, construct sad) (spot, limited area naturally or artificially defined), pl. said (i said) (UT:314, VT42:20)  

partha

arrange

partha- (i bartha, i pharthar) (compose)

partha

arrange

(i bartha, i pharthar) (compose)

caew

resting place

(i gaew, o chaew) (lair). No distinct pl. form except with article (i chaew).

gardh

bounded or defined place

(i ’ardh) (region), pl. gerdh (i ngerdh = i ñerdh);

pan

root. arrange, set in order, arrange, set in order; [ᴹ√] place, set, fix in place (especially of wood)

Tolkien introduced this root early and it retained more or less the same meaning throughout his life. It first appeared as ᴱ√PANA “arrange” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with derivatives like ᴱQ. pano “series, course, plan, arrangement” and ᴱQ. panya- “plan, arrange, intend, mean” (QL/72). It also had derivatives in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon such as G. pan “arrangement, settlement; place, spot” and G. panta- “set, put, place, arrange, settle” (GL/63).

In The Etymologies of the 1930s it appeared as ᴹ√PAN “place, set, fix in place (especially of wood)”, with derivatives like ᴹQ. panya-/N. penia- “fix, set”, ᴹQ. pano “piece of shaped wood”, and N. pân “plank, fixed board (especially in a floor)” (Ety/PAN). √PAN appeared unglossed in the second version of the Tengwesta Qenderinwa from around 1950 (TQ2: PE18/89) and the root √PAN “arrange, set in order” was mentioned in passing in etymological notes from the late 1960s (PE17/108).

Derivatives

• ✶panda ✧ PE18/089
• Q. pan- “*to arrange, set in order”
• ᴺQ. panin “definite, planned, concerted, deliberate, prepense, meant”
• ᴺQ. panna “arrangement, grouping; *plan, course; book”
• ᴺQ. panwë “arrangement, plan; structure, ordering; (musical) theme”
• ᴺS. pan “arrangement, settlement, *grouping; place, spot”
• ᴺS. pan- “to arrange, order, settle; to set, put, place; to write a book”
• ᴺS. pant “money”
• ᴺS. panu “arrangement, plan; structure, ordering; (musical) theme”

Element in

• ᴺQ. sampan- “to combine”
• Q. sampanë “combination”

nom Reconstructed

root. place

A hypothetical root serving as the basis for Q. nómë “place”.

Derivatives

• Q. nómë “place”

pân

noun. plank, fixed board (especially in floor)

penia-

verb. to fix, to set