roval

wing

n. wing. >> Landroval, raw, rov-

roval

noun. pinion, great wing (of eagle)

roval

noun/adjective. winged, winged; [N.] pinion, great wing (of an eagle)

An adjective appearing as an element in the name S. Landroval “Broad Winged” (PE17/63). In The Etymologies of the 1930s, however, its immediate precursor was a noun N. rhofal (with the Noldorin-style sound change of initial r to voiceless rh) glossed “pinion, great wing (of an eagle)” under the root ᴹ√RAM (Ety/RAM).

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would assume that roval can be either an adjective for “winged” or a noun for a “pinion” (feathered part of a wing), especially of great birds like eagles.

Element in

• S. Landroval “Broad Winged” ✧ PE17/063

rov-

wing

pref. wing. >> Landroval, raw, roval

raw

wing

n. wing. Q. ráma, pl1. rámar. >> Landroval, rov-, roval

raw

noun. wing

The Sindarin word for “wing” (PE17/63) based on the root ᴹ√RAM (Ety/RAM). Its Quenya cognate ráma indicates its ancient vowel ā was long, and this long ā became au (aw) in Sindarin. Meanwhile, the ancient m became v, which then vanished after the diphthong aw: ✱rāmā > raum(a) > rau(v) > raw.

Conceptual Development: The word G. ram “wing, pinion” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s was similarly derived (GL/64), but in Gnomish m did not become v.

Cognates

• Q. ráma “wing, wing; [ᴱQ.] arm” ✧ PE17/063

Derivations

• ᴹ√RAM “*wing, fly”

Element in

• S. roval “winged, winged; [N.] pinion, great wing (of an eagle)” ✧ PE17/063

rafn

noun. wing (horn), extended point at side, etc.

thoronath

noun. eagles

thorn

noun. eagle

thoron

noun. eagle

thoron

noun. eagle

The Sindarin word for “eagle”, derived from ✶thorono (Let/427).

Possible Etymology: The form of this word is difficult to explain. Since final nasals vanished after vowels, in the ordinary phonetic development of Sindarin it should have become thôr, a form that did appear as variant in the Etymologies (Ety/THOR, KIRIS). Tolkien himself suggested that the (Noldorin) word was a back-formation from the archaic genitive ON. thoronen (Ety/THOR). While this specific genitive form did not survive in (Old) Sindarin, there are plenty of other mechanisms that might result in such a back-formation in Sindarin. For example, David Salo suggested that it could be a back-formation from its plural ✱theryn (GS/291), perhaps also influenced by ancient names where it still appeared, such as Thorondor “King of Eagles”.

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s this word appeared as G. thorn (GL/73), which was also the usual form in names of this period. In Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s it reappeared as ᴱN. thorn (PE13/154), but in The Etymologies of the 1930s it appeared as N. thoron beside the variant thôr as noted above (Ety/THOR, KIRIS). The names of this period also began to reflect this change, and names after the 1940s consistently show thoron, though the form þorn did appear at least once in later notes (PE22/159).

Cognates

• Q. soron “eagle” ✧ Let/427; SA/thoron; PE22/159

Derivations

• ✶thorono “eagle” ✧ Let/427
  • ᴹ√THOR(ON) “come swooping down”

Element in

• S. Cirith Thoronath “Eagles’ Cleft” ✧ SA/thoron
• ᴺS. thorombar “eagle’s nest, eyrie”
• S. Thorondir “*Eagle-man”
• S. Thorondor “King of Eagles” ✧ Let/427; SA/thoron
• S. Thorongil “Eagle of the Star” ✧ Let/427

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶þorono > Thoron	[tʰorono] > [θorono] > [θoron]	✧ Let/427

Variations

• Thoron ✧ Let/427
• þorn ✧ PE22/159

thôr

noun. eagle

roval

great wing

(pinion, wing), pl. rovail (idh rovail). – Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” *rhoval* pl. *rhovel*.

roval

wing

1) roval (pinion, great wing [of eagle]), pl. rovail (idh rovail). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” rhoval_ _pl. rhovel. 2) rafn (horn, extended point at the side), pl. raifn (idh raifn).

roval

wing

(pinion, great wing [of eagle]), pl. rovail (idh rovail). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” *rhoval* pl. *rhovel*.

roval

pinion

roval (wing, great wing [of eagle]), pl. rovail (idh rovail). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” rhoval_ _pl. rhovel.

roval

pinion

(wing, great wing [of eagle]), pl. rovail (idh rovail). – Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” *rhoval* pl. *rhovel*.

roval

great wing

(of eagle) roval (pinion, wing), pl. rovail (idh rovail). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” rhoval_ _pl. rhovel.

roval

great wing

(of eagle) *roval (pinion, wing), pl. rovail (idh rovail); this is a suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” rhoval_ _pl. rhovel.

roval

great wing

(pinion, wing), pl. rovail (idh rovail); this is a suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” *rhoval* pl. *rhovel*.

rafn

wing

(horn, extended point at the side), pl. raifn (idh raifn).

thoron

eagle

thoron, pl. theryn, coll. pl. thoronath. The sg. may also appear as thôr (with stem thoron-); thôr is also an adjective ”swooping, leaping down”. In ”Noldorin”, the pl. was therein (LR:392 s.v. THOR).

thoron

eagle

pl. theryn, coll. pl. thoronath. The sg. may also appear as thôr (with stem thoron-); thôr is also an adjective ”swooping, leaping down”. In ”Noldorin”, the pl. was therein (LR:392 s.v. THOR).

thamas

great hall

pl. themais, coll. pl. thamassath.

aearon

great ocean

also Gaearon (i** ’Aearon), pl. Gaearyn (i** Ngaearyn = *i Ñaearyn). Also short form Gaeron (i** ‘Aeron), pl. Gaeryn (i** Ngaeryn = i Ñaeryn*). Coll. pl. Gaearonnath, Gaeronnath.

sirion

great river

(i** hirion, o sirion), pl. siryn (i** siryn).

tirion

great watchtower

(i** dirion, o thirion), pl. tiryn (i** thiryn).

ardhon

great province

(great region, world), pl. erdhyn, coll. pl. ardhonnath.

daedhelos

great fear

daedhelos (i naedhelos, o ndaedhelos), pl. daedhelys (i ndaedhelys). Coll. pl. daedhelossath. A side-form ends in -oth instead of -os. The word appears in the mutated form "ndae<u>d</u>elos" in LotR Appendix F, but since the second element must be delos "abhorrence" and it would surely be lenited following a vowel, this would seem to be one of the cases where Tolkien wrote d even though dh would be technically correct. Another term for GREAT FEAR is goe (i **oe) (terror), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ngoe** = i ñoe).

daedhelos

great fear/dread

(i** naedhelos, o ndaedhelos), pl. daedhelys (i** ndaedhelys). Coll. pl. daedhelossath. A side-form ends in -oth instead of -os. The word appears in the mutated form "ndaedelos" in LotR Appendix F, but since the second element must be delos "abhorrence" and it would surely be lenited following a vowel, this would seem to be one of the cases where Tolkien wrote d even though dh would be technically correct.

goe

great fear

goe (i **oe) (terror), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ngoe** = i ñoe);

gond

great stone

(i ’ond, construct gon) (rock), pl. gynd (i ngynd = i ñynd), coll. pl. gonnath (Letters:410).

lae

great number

(no distinct pl. form) (VT45:27), also rim (crowd, host), no distinct pl. form except with article (idh** rim), coll. pl. rimmath**. Note: a homophone means ”cold pool or lake”.

taur

great wood

(i daur, o thaur) (forest), pl. toer (i thoer), coll. pl. torath. Note: homophones mean ”king (of a people)” and also ”lofty, high, sublime, noble” etc.