Early Quenya
yakse
noun. steel
Changes
yakse→ yaisa ✧ GL/37Cognates
- G. gais “steel” ✧ GL/37; GL/37
Derivations
Element in
- Eq. yaksina “of steel” ✧ QL/105
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ✶ı̯aisa > yaisa [jaisā] > [jaisa] ✧ GL/37 ᴱ✶ı̯aksĕ > yakse [jaksē] > [jakse] ✧ GL/37 Variations
- yaisa ✧ GL/37; GL/37
- yakse ✧ GL/37 (
yakse)- Y̯akse ✧ QL/105
yakse
noun. cow
akse
noun. steel
Element in
- Eq. aksina “steel” ✧ PE15/77
- Eq. i mitta ’n·felda aksínen “the worst piece of steel” ✧ PE14/048; PE14/081
yaksi
noun. cow
Changes
yaksi→ yakse ✧ GL/36Cognates
- G. gach “milch cow” ✧ GL/36; GL/36
Variations
- yakse ✧ GL/36
yaisa
noun. steel
aksina
adjective. steel
mui
noun. cow
Cognates
- G. mûs “cow”
The noun ᴱQ. yaksi “cow” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s as a derivative of the early root ᴱ√Ẏak “a head of cattle” (QL/105). The contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon also had ᴱQ. yaksi, but this form was deleted and ᴱQ. yakse was given as the cognate of G. gach “milch cow” (GL/36).
Conceptual Development: In Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s, the word for “cow” was ᴱQ. mui (PE16/132), likely related to G. mûs “cow” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s which had a deleted variant {mui} (GL/58). This probable relationship was suggested by Patrick Wynne and Christopher Gilson (PE16/132).
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would adapt this word as ᴺQ. yaxë from the Neo-Root ᴺ√GYAK; Helge Fauskanger used this word for “cow” in his NQNT (NQNT).