Sindarin
-en
suffix. my
-en
suffix. used in patronimics
-en
suffix. adjective suffix
Derivations
- ✶-inā “adjective; passive participle”
Element in
- S. aewen “of birds” ✧ SA/lin¹
- ᴺS. anóren “sunny”
- S. dínen “silent” ✧ PE17/098
- S. firin “mortal, dying, dying, mortal; [N.] human”
- S. glórin “*golden, golden, [G.] of gold”
- S. lossen “snowy” ✧ RGEO/62
- ᴺS. mirwelthen “vintage, *(lit.) wine pressing”
- S. rhúnen “eastern”
- S. thurin “secret, hidden”
- S. tolothen “eighth” ✧ SD/129
Variations
- -en ✧ PE17/098 (-en); RGEO/62 (-en); SA/lin¹ (-en); SD/129
-en
suffix. my, 1st sg. poss. suffix
Variations
- -en ✧ PE17/046; PE17/046
-ien
suffix. used in patronimics
-ien
suffix. feminine ending
An occasional feminine suffix in Sindarin, in one place given as a feminine patronymic (PE17/170) as in the name Lúthien “Daughter of Flowers” (PE17/15, 161). See the entry on the root √YE(L) for a discussion of conceptual vacillations on its connection to “daughter”.
Conceptual Development: In Noldorin it seems N. -ien was simply a feminine suffix in the name N. Lhúthien “Enchantress” (Ety/LUK).
Cognates
- Q. -ien “feminine ending; feminine patronymic, -daughter” ✧ PE17/170
Derivations
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶(ĭ)ondī > -ien [-iondī] > [-iondi] > [-iœndi] > [-iœnd] > [-iœnn] > [-ienn] > [-ien] ✧ PE17/170
-ren
suffix. adjective suffix
@@@ perhaps a later, S-only, innovation
Cognates
- Q. -rin “-ian, racial-adjective, language”
Element in
- S. angren “of iron” ✧ SA/anga
- S. celebrin “like silver (in hue or worth), like silver (in hue or worth), [G.] of silver”
- ᴺS. cothren “hostile”
- S. edhellen “elvish”
- S. Falathren “Shore-language”
- ᴺS. fathren “tasselled”
- ᴺS. gwaeren “windy”
- S. gwaeren “windy”
- S. gwathren “shadowy, dim”
- ᴺS. mabren “handed, having hands, dextrous”
- S. mithren “grey”
- S. silivren “(white) glittering, crystalline”
- ᴺS. singren “salt, *salty”
-eb
suffix. adjective suffix
Cognates
- Q. -inqua “-ful, complete” ✧ WJ/412
Derivations
Element in
- S. aglareb “glorious, brilliant, glorious, brilliant, *radiant” ✧ WJ/412
- ᴺS. eitheb “thorny, *(orig.) full of points; sharp”
- S. ereb “single, alone, lonely, single, alone, lonely, [N.] isolated”
- S. fíreb “mortal”
- ᴺS. glidheb “like honey”
- S. gorthob “horrible”
- S. maecheneb “sharp-eye[d]” ✧ WJ/337
- ᴺS. maeligeb “wealthy, rich”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶ikwā > -ipā > -eb [-ikwā] > [-ipā] > [-ipa] > [-epa] > [-ep] > [-eb] ✧ WJ/412
-in
suffix. adjective suffix
-eth
suffix. feminine ending
Cognates
- Q. -issë “ending in feminine names” ✧ PM/345
Derivations
- ✶-ittā “ending in feminine names” ✧ PM/345
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶-ittā > -eth [-ittā] > [-itta] > [-ittʰa] > [-iθθa] > [-eθθa] > [-eθθ] > [-eθ] ✧ PM/345 Variations
- -es ✧ PE17/141
- eth ✧ RC/579
-iel
suffix. adjective suffix
Element in
- S. glóriel “golden” ✧ S/235
Variations
- -iel ✧ S/235 (-iel)
-ion
suffix. used in patronimics
-i
suffix. adjectival suffix
Derivations
- ✶-ya “adjectival suffix” ✧ VT42/10
Element in
- S. serni “shingle, pebble bank” ✧ VT42/10
an
preposition. to, towards, for
With suffixed article and elision in aglar'ni Pheriannath
an
to
_ prep. _to, for. naur an edraith ammen! 'fire [be] for rescue/saving for us'. aglar an|i Pheriannath 'glory to all the Halflings'.
na
to
e _ prep. _to, towards (of spacetime). n' before vowels. >> nan 2
na
preposition. to
prep. to Na-chaered palan-díriel lit. "To-distance (remote) after-gazing" >> na-chaered, nan 2
nín
adjective. my
The acute accent in nín has sometimes been regarded as an error for a slanted macron in the manuscript, since all the other attested personal adjectives from Sauron defeated all have a circumflex accent. It was however noted that if the acute accent is confirmed, then this word is probably an enclitic, see HL/73. The acute accent is now confirmed by VT/44
nín
pronoun. my
Derivations
- ✶ni “I, me”
Element in
- S. ae Adar nín i vi Menel “our Father who [art] in Heaven” ✧ VT44/22
- S. alae! ered en Echoriath, ered e·mbar nín “[?behold!] the mountains of Echoriath, the mountains of my home!” ✧ UT/040; UT/054
an
to
(prep.) an (+ nasal mutation), with article ni "to the" (+ nasal mutation in plural).
an
to
(adverbial prefix) an-. 3)
nín
my
nín (following a noun with article: i adar nín, ”my father”). Not to be confused with nîn ”watery, wet” or as noun ”tear”, or the pl. form of nên ”water”. In a very few attested cases, the pronoun ”my” appears as an ending -en added to a noun (lammen ”my tongue”, guren ”my heart”).
nín
my
(following a noun with article: i adar nín, ”my father”). Not to be confused with nîn ”watery, wet” or as noun ”tear”, or the pl. form of nên ”water”. – In a very few attested cases, the pronoun ”my” appears as an ending -en added to a noun (lammen ”my tongue”, guren ”my heart”).
_1st sg. poss. suff. my.See also the paradigm of poss. suff. in PE17:46. Later -nin_. >> lammen, -nin