The word is deduced from its mutated form, but it is worth mentioning that a stem GALÁN "bright", with glan "daylight" (and later "clear") as derivative, is listed in the Etymologies (not included in the published text, but see VT/45:13). Most of the words meaning "white" in the Indo-Eureopean languages come from the original notion of "brightness", e.g. Greek leukós "white" is cognate with Latin lucere "to shine", lux "light". This association of sense is also found in Gnomish, PE/11:39 (glan "clean, pure", from "bright" originally) and in Early Noldorin (PE/13:144, glann "clean"). The similarity with Welsh glan (where the vowel, incidentally, is also long, though this is concealed by Welsh orthographic convention) is also striking
Sindarin
glad
noun. wood
glad
noun. wood
Element in
- S. Methed-en-Glad “End of the Wood” ✧ UT/153
- S. Gladuial “*Twilight Wood”
Variations
- Glad ✧ UT/153
glân
adjective. bright, shining white
taur
noun. great wood, forest
eryn
noun. wood
taur
noun. forest
_ n. _forest. Q. taure. >> taw
cidinn
adjective. small
_ adj. _small. Q. cinta.
cinnog
adjective. small
_ adj. _small. Q. cinta.
tawar
noun. forest, forest; [N.] wood (material)
A word for “forest” in a few Sindarin names, notably Tawar-in-Drúedain “Drúadan Forest” (UT/319) and Tawarwaith “Forest People” (UT/256).
Conceptual Development: In The Etymologies of the 1930s N. tawar meant “wood (material)” but was often used with the same sense as N. taur “forest”; it was derived from the root ᴹ√TÁWAR (Ety/TÁWAR). In Sindarin, awa often became au (and then > o), and cases where it was preserved seem to have to do with patterns of stress; see the entry on that phonetic rule for further details.
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, it is probably better to stick with the better known S. taur for “forest”.
Element in
- S. Tawar-in-Drúedain “Drúadan Forest” ✧ UT/319
- S. Tawarwaith “Forest People”
Variations
- Tawar ✧ UT/319
nimp
adjective. small and frail
niben
adjective. small, petty
niben
adjective. little finger (Elvish play-name used by and taught to children)
eryn
forest
_n. _forest, wood of trees.
glâd
small forest
(i ’lâd, construct glad) (wood), pl. glaid (in glaid).
glâd
forest
(i ’lâd, construct glad) (wood), pl. glaid (in glaid)
glâd
wood
(i ’lâd, construct glad) (small forest), pl. glaid (in glaid) See FOREST. 2)
gail
bright
gail (light), lenited ngail; no distinct pl. form (VT45:18). The adj. calen etymologically means "bright", but is used = "green" (q.v.).
gail
bright
(light), lenited ngail; no distinct pl. form (VT45:18). The adj. calen etymologically means "bright", but is used = "green" (q.v.).
gîl
bright spark
(i ngîl = i ñîl, construct gil) (star, silver glint), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gîl = i ñgîl), coll. pl. *giliath** (RGEO, MR:388)*
aew
small bird
. No distinct pl. form.
eryn
wood
1) (forest) eryn. No distinct pl. form. 2) glâd (i **lâd, construct glad) (small forest), pl. glaid (in glaid**) See FOREST. 2)
eryn
wood
. No distinct pl. form.
hûb
small landlocked bay
(i chûb, o chûb, construct hub) (harbour, haven), pl. huib (i chuib).
taur
forest
1) taur (i daur, o thaur) (great wood), pl. toer (i thoer), coll. pl. torath. Note: homophones mean ”king (of a people)” and also (as adj.) ”lofty, high, sublime, noble” etc. 2) tawar (i dawar, o thawar) (wood [as material]), pl. tewair (i thewair). (
taur
forest
(i daur, o thaur) (great wood), pl. toer (i thoer), coll. pl. torath. Note: homophones mean ”king (of a people)” and also (as adj.) ”lofty, high, sublime, noble” etc.
tawar
wood
(as material) tawar (i dawar, o thawar) (forest), pl. tewair (i thewair).
tawar
wood
(i dawar, o thawar) (forest), pl. tewair (i thewair).
mîw
small
1) mîw (tiny, frail), lenited vîw, no distinct pl. form, 2) niben (petty), pl. nibin. Also used as a name for the the little finger. (VT48:6) 3) SMALL (and frail) nimp, no distinct pl. form (VT48:18)
mîw
small
(tiny, frail), lenited vîw, no distinct pl. form
niben
small
(petty), pl. nibin. Also used as a name for the the little finger. (VT48:6)
nimp
small
no distinct pl. form (VT48:18)
pêg
small spot
(i** bêg, construct peg) (dot), pl. pîg (i** phîg)
tawar
forest
(i dawar, o thawar) (wood [as material]), pl. tewair (i thewair). (SMALL)
tinu
small star
(i** dinu, o thinu; also -din at the end of compounds) (spark), analogical pl. tiny (i** thiny). Archaic tinw, so the coll. pl. is likely tinwath.
A word for a “wood” in the name Methed-en-Glad “End of the Wood” (UT/153) and possibly also Gladuial “✱Twilight Wood” (WJ/183, 188 note #48). It resembles galadh “tree” and is probably related to it, but it cannot be derived directly from the same root ᴹ√GALAD as that would produce ✱✱gladh. It was either derived from a variant root ✱√GALAT, or was a loan word from Nandorin where the word for “tree” was Nan. galad (MR/182; PE17/50, 60).