mar
earth
os
house, cottage
os (ost-) noun "house, cottage" (LT2:336; hardly valid in LotR-style Quenya writers may use coa or már)
cemi
earth, soil, land
cemi noun "earth, soil, land"; Cémi ("k")"Mother Earth" (LT1:257; the "Qenya" word cemi would correspond to cemen in LotR-style Quenya)
indo
house
indo (2) noun "house" (LT2:343), probably obsoleted by #1 above (in Tolkiens later Quenya, the word for "house" appears as coa).
kemen
earth
kemen noun "earth"; see cemen.
sennas
noun. guesthouse
cae
noun. earth
This word is indeclinable, according to the Etymologies
ceven
noun. Earth
ennorath
noun. central lands, middle-earth
basta-
verb. to bake
Cognates
- ᴹQ. masta- “to bake”
Derivations
- √MBAS “bake, bake, [ᴱ√] cook; [ᴹ√] knead”
amar
earth
(archaic Ambar), pl. Emair
sennas
guesthouse
(i hennas), pl. sennais (i sennais), coll. pl. sennassath (RC:523)
cae
noun. earth
Derivations
- ᴹ√KEM “soil, earth”
cae
earth
(i gae, o chae). No distinct pl. form even if there is a pl., except with article (i chae). For ”earth” as a substance, see also
car
house
(building, dwelling-place) 1) car or cardh (i gar[dh], o char[dh]) (building), pl. cerdh (i cherdh) or cair (i chair). Note: cardh also means "deed, feat". Therefore, the form car may be preferred for clarity. 2) adab (building), pl. edaib. In ”Noldorin”, the plural was edeb. 3)
car
house
or cardh (i gar[dh], o char[dh]) (building), pl. cerdh (i cherdh) or cair (i chair). Note: cardh also means "deed, feat". Therefore, the form car may be preferred for clarity.
adab
house
(building), pl. edaib. In ”Noldorin”, the plural was edeb.
noss
house
(family) 1) noss (construct nos, pl. nyss) (family, clan), 2) nost (pl. nyst) (family) (PM:360), 3) nothrim (family); no distinct pl. form (PM:360)
noss
house
(construct nos, pl. nyss) (family, clan)
nost
house
(pl. nyst) (family) (PM:360)
bâr
house
bâr (dwelling, home, family; land, earth) (i mâr, o mbâr, construct bar), pl. bair (i mbair). Also -bar, -mar at the end of compounds.
bâr
house
(dwelling, home, family; land, earth) (i mâr, o mbâr, construct bar), pl. bair (i mbair). Also -bar, -mar at the end of compounds.
bâr
earth
(dwelling, house, home, family; land) (i mâr, o mbâr, construct bar), pl. bair (i mbair). Also -bar, -mar at the end of compounds.
ceven
earth
1) ceven (i geven, o cheven), pl. cevin (i chevin) (VT48:23), 2) (world) Amar (archaic Ambar), pl. Emair; 3) bâr (dwelling, house, home, family; land) (i mâr, o mbâr, construct bar), pl. bair (i mbair). Also -bar, -mar at the end of compounds. 4) (maybe ”earth” as substance) cae (i gae, o chae). No distinct pl. form even if there is a pl., except with article (i chae). For ”earth” as a substance, see also SOIL.
ceven
earth
(i geven, o cheven), pl. cevin (i chevin) (VT48:23)
nothrim
house
(family); no distinct pl. form (PM:360)
gobel
village
(i ’obel) (enclosed dwelling, ”town”), pl. gebil (i ngebil = i ñebil). Archaic pl. ✱göbil.
ennor
place name. central land, middle-earth
cava
noun. house
Cognates
- Q. cöa “house; outhouse, shed, hut, booth; building used for a dwelling or other purposes; †body” ✧ WJ/369
Element in
- T. cavaria Olue “the house of him, Olwe” ✧ WJ/369
dâira
noun. Earth
A noun translated as “Earth” in the final version of the Lament of Akallabêth (SD/247). It may be related to S. dôr “land”, as suggested by Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynn (AAD/13).
Conceptual Development: In the Lament of Akallabêth (first draft), this noun appeared as kamāt (SD/311).
Element in
- Ad. Bârim an-Adûn yurahtam dâira sâibêth-mâ Êruvô “Lords of [the] West, they rent [the] Earth with assent from Eru” ✧ SD/247
- Ad. bārun an-adūn {urahhata >>} urahta dāira sāibēth-mā ēruvō ✧ SD/247
Variations
- dāira ✧ SD/247
zadan
noun. house
A noun translated “house” and fully declined as an example of a Strong I noun (SD/430).
keme
noun. earth
Derivations
- ᴹ√KEM “soil, earth”
Variations
kĕmĕ✧ PE21/80 (kĕmĕ)
kemen
noun. earth
Derivations
- ᴹ√KEM “soil, earth”
Derivatives
amar
noun. earth
amar
noun. Earth
Cognates
- ᴹQ. Ambar “Earth, World” ✧ Ety/MBAR
Derivations
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√MBAR > ambar > amar [ambar] > [ambar] > [ammar] > [amar] ✧ Ety/MBAR
car(dh)
noun. house, house, *construction, structure
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s appearing as car or carð with the gloss “house” under the root ᴹ√KAR “make, build, construct” (Ety/KAR). Its Quenya cognate ᴹQ. kar (kard-) was glossed “building, house”.
Neo-Sindarin: Given the meaning of its root, I would use cardh for any kind of building-like construction or structure for purposes of Neo-Sindarin. For an ordinary “house” where people live, I would use S. bâr.
Cognates
- ᴹQ. kar “building, house” ✧ Ety/KAR
Derivations
- ᴹ√KAR “make, build, construct” ✧ Ety/KAR
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√KAR > carð [karda] > [kard] > [karð] ✧ Ety/KAR Variations
- car ✧ Ety/KAR
- carð ✧ Ety/KAR
car
noun. house, building
ambar
noun. earth
cardh
noun. house, building
coe
noun. earth
This word is indeclinable, according to the Etymologies
coe
noun. earth
An indeclinable word given as {cíw >>} coe “earth” in The Etymologies of the 1930s as a derivative of the root ᴹ√KEM (Ety/KEM; EtyAC/KEM).
Possible Etymology: The primitive form of rejected cíw is given as ᴹ✶kēm and its derivation is clear: the long ē became ī and then the final m reduced to w after i as usual. The derivation of coe is more obscure, however. The likeliest explanation is that Tolkien imagined its ancient form with a slightly lowered vowel which he generally represented as ǣ in this period (in later writings as ę̄). According to the first version of the Tengwesta Qenderinwa and Comparative Vowel Tables from the 1930s (PE18/46; PE19/25), ǣ > ei > ai > ae, and in The Etymologies itself, it seems ai often became oe instead of ae.
Neo-Sindarin: Updating the derivation of hypothetical ✱kę̄m would produced ᴺS. cae in Sindarin phonology. But given the obscurity of its derivation, I recommend using 1950s S. ceven for “earth” instead.
Changes
cíw→ coe ✧ Ety/KEMCognates
- ᴹQ. kemen “soil, earth; Great Lands” ✧ Ety/KEM
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√KEM > coe [kǣm] > [kaim] > [kai] > [koe] ✧ Ety/KEM ᴹ✶kēm > cíw [kēm] > [kīm] > [kīv] > [kīw] ✧ EtyAC/KEM Variations
- cíw ✧ EtyAC/KEM (
cíw)
gobel
noun. walled house or village, town
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
masta-
verb. to bake
A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “bake” derived from the root ᴹ√MBAS of similar meaning (Ety/MBAS; PE17/51).
Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s instead had ᴱQ. mas- “bake, cook” from the early root ᴱ√M(B)ASA “cook, bake” (QL/59). In that 1910s document it coexisted with ᴱQ. toro- “bake” under the early root ᴱ√TORO (QL/94), but it seems this other root was abandoned. Early Qenya Word-lists had only ᴱQ. mas- with a single gloss “bake” (QL/94). The verb became masta- “bake” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, as noted above.
Cognates
- ᴺS. basta- “to bake”
Derivations
- ᴹ√M(B)AS “knead” ✧ Ety/MBAS
Element in
- ᴺQ. mastasan “kitchen”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√MBAS > masta- [mbasta-] > [masta-] ✧ Ety/MBAS
hún
noun. earth, earth, *ground
A word in the Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s with stem form hun- and gloss “earth” (QL/39). It might be a later iteration of ᴱQ. han “ground, earth” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/39), and if so then hún might also be used as “✱ground”. I think it is useful to assume so for purposes of Neo-Quenya, as the other attested word for “ground”, Q. talan, is probably used more often for “floor”, including floors above the ground level.
Variations
- hun ✧ PE21/19
bas-
verb. to bake
A verb appearing as G. bas- “bake” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/22), based on the early root ᴱ√M(B)ASA “cook, bake” (QL/59).
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin I would update this verb to ᴺS. basta- “to bake” for better compatibility with the later Quenya verb [ᴹQ.] masta-. I first saw this neologism suggested by Fiona Jallings (FJNS/339).
Cognates
- Eq. mas- “to bake, cook”
Derivations
- ᴱ√M(B)ASA “cook, bake”
baur
noun. house
Derivations
- ᴱ✶mbāră ✧ PE13/116; PE13/116
Variations
- bawr ✧ PE13/116
bâr
noun. house
Element in
- En. manthil sóg odog en maint os eneg bhair “*having eaten he drinks a lot then he ate around six houses” ✧ PE13/128
- En. ormar “houseless” ✧ PE13/156
Variations
- bar ✧ PE13/122; PE13/138
masa
root. cook, bake
m(b)asa
root. cook, bake
Derivatives
- ᴱ✶mbastā
- Eq. masta “bread” ✧ PE16/141
- ᴱ✶mᵇāsḷ
- G. bothli “oven” ✧ GL/23
- Eq. manwa “ready” ✧ QL/059
- Eq. masta “bread” ✧ QL/059
- Eq. mas- “to bake, cook” ✧ QL/059
- Eq. maswa “soft, cooked, ripe” ✧ QL/059
- Eq. maksa- “to cook” ✧ QL/059
- En. bast “bread”
- G. bast “bread”
- G. bas- “to bake”
- G. brant “cooked, done; overdone”
- G. brath- “to cook”
- G. mast “feed, food, nourishment; fodder”
- G. masta- “to feed, graze”
- G. môs “food (of men)”
Variations
- mas- ✧ GL/22
- MBASA ✧ QL/063
- MASA ✧ QL/063
sōđā
noun. house
Derivations
- ᴱ√ÐORO “sit”
Element in
- ᴱ✶saχsōđa “house of fire” ✧ PE12/021; QL/081
Variations
- þōra ✧ QL/081
mas-
verb. to bake, cook
Cognates
- G. bas- “to bake”
Derivations
- ᴱ√M(B)ASA “cook, bake” ✧ QL/059
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√M(B)ASA > mas- [mbastā] > [mbasta] > [masta] ✧ QL/059
mar
noun. house, home, dwelling (of men); -land, the Earth
Cognates
- G. bar “home, dwelling” ✧ PE15/21; LT1A/Eldamar
Derivations
- ᴱ√MBARA “dwell, live” ✧ QL/060
Element in
- Eq. Marasan “Tuesday”
- Eq. Eldamar “Elfhome, Elfland” ✧ LT1A/Eldamar
- Eq. ilumar “dwelling beyond the stars for the blessed” ✧ QL/042
- Eq. Noldomar “Gnomeland”
- Eq. i·mar tye “that house (of yours)” ✧ PE14/055
- Eq. marda “world” ✧ LT1A/Eldamar
- Eq. mardo “dweller” ✧ LT1A/Eldamar; QL/060
- Eq. markirya “ark”
- Eq. Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva “Cottage of the Lost Play” ✧ LT1A/Eldamar; LT1A/Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva; PE14/047
- Eq. mar vanwa·tyalien “*cottage of the lost play” ✧ PE14/047
- Eq. Ondomar
- Eq. Ondostamar
- Eq. tyenda mar “that house (of yours)” ✧ PE14/055
- Eq. Valmar “House or City of the Gods”
- Eq. Vilmar “dwelling of Manwe in the high airs”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√MBARA > mar [mbar] > [mar] ✧ QL/060 Variations
- mar ✧ LT1A/Eldamar; PE14/055; PE15/21; PE15/74; QL/042 (mar); QL/060
- Mar ✧ LT1A/Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva; PE14/047
- mař ✧ PME/060
indo
noun. house
A word for “house” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√IŘI [IÐI] “dwell” (QL/43). It also appeared in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/43).
Cognates
- G. ind “house, abode” ✧ LT2A/Idril
Derivations
- ᴱ√IÐI “dwell‽” ✧ LT2A/Idril; QL/043
Element in
- Eq. indor “master of house” ✧ LT2A/Idril; QL/043
- Eq. iluin(do) “dwelling beyond the stars for the blessed” ✧ QL/042
- Eq. indolis “domicile” ✧ QL/043
- Eq. indositsina “domestic(ated)” ✧ QL/043
- Eq. indoite “indoors, at home, homely, domestic” ✧ QL/043
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√IŘI > indo [inðō] > [inðo] > [indo] ✧ QL/043
toro-
verb. to bake
Derivations
- ᴱ√TORO “*bake” ✧ QL/094
Element in
- Eq. torina “baked, done” ✧ QL/094
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√TORO > toro- [toro-] ✧ QL/094
mar (1) noun "earth" (world), also "home, dwelling, mansion". Stem mard- (VT46:13, PE17:64), also seen in the ablative Mardello "from earth" (FS); the word is used with a more limited sense in oromardi "high halls" (sg. oromar, PM17:64), referring to the dwellings of Manwë and Varda on Mt. Taniquetil (Nam, RGEO:66). The initial element of Mardorunando (q.v.) may be the genitive mardo (distinguish mardo "dweller"). May be more or less identical to már "home, house, dwelling" (of persons or peoples; in names like Val(i)mar, Vinyamar, Mar-nu-Falmar, Mardil) (SA:bar, VT45:33, VT47:6). Már is however unlikely to have the stem-form mard-; a "Qenya" genitive maren appears in the phrase hon-maren, q.v., suggesting that its stem is mar-. A possible convention could therefore be to use már (mar-) for "home, house" (also when = household, family as in Mardil, q.v.), whereas mar (mard-) is used for for "earth, world". Early "Qenya" has mar (mas-) "dwelling of men, the Earth, -land" (LT1:251); notice that in LotR-style Quenya, a word in -r cannot have a stem-form in -s-.