nosta

birth, birthday

nosta noun "birth, birthday" (LT1:272; maybe not a valid word in Tolkiens later Quenya because the meaning of the corresponding verb was changed from "give birth" to "beget")

nosta-

verb. to beget, be begotten, to beget, [ᴱQ.] give birth to; [Q.] to be begotten, *be born [impersonal]; [ᴱQ.] to cause

A verb in Tolkien’s later writings glossed as either “to beget” (PE17/111) or “be begotten” (PE17/170), appearing in The Lord of the Rings as an element in the word nostar “parent” (LotR/981) and derived from the root √NŌ/ONO “beget, be born”. The word ᴱQ. nosta- dates all the way back to the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s where it was glossed “give birth to; cause” under the early root ᴱ√NŌ “become, be born” (QL/66), but then vanished for several decades where it was either replaced by or in competition with Q. onta- “beget” (PE17/170; Ety/ONO).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would use this verb primarily in the sense “beget” = “give birth to”, as opposed to onta- “to beget” = “✱to conceive”. It might be used impersonally to have the sense “to be born”, as in nostane ni loar canquain né “[it] birthed me forty years ago = I was born forty years ago”.

nostar

noun. parent, begetter, *ancestor; parent, begetter

A word for “parent” appearing only in its plural form nostari in the phrase a vanimar, vanimálion nostari “O beautiful ones, parents of beautiful children” (LotR/981; Let/448). Its singular form is probably nostar, a combination of the verb nosta- “beget” and the agental suffix -r(o).

Conceptual Development: The Etymologies of the 1930s had masculine and feminine forms ᴹQ. ontaro and ᴹQ. ontare “begetter, parent” under the root ᴹ√ONO “beget” (Ety/ONO), along with a dual form ontaru referring to both parents as a pair (EtyAC/ONO). Feminine variants ontaril or ontari appeared in Quenya prayers from the 1950s (VT43/32; VT44/7). The plural form ontari appeared in Lord of the Rings drafts in the precursor to the phrase mentioned above: ᴹQ. O vanimar vanimalion ontari (SD/64, 73).

Neo-Quenya: It is possible that nostar has a meaning closer to “ancestor” than “parent”, since the couple to which the phrase Q. a vanimar, vanimálion nostari was addressed (Galadriel and Celeborn) had only a single child, and so the phrase only makes sense if it refers to them as ancestors of all of their descendants: their daughter Celebrían and her children Elladan, Elrohir and Arwen. If nostar is used in this way, then perhaps the 1930s words ᴹQ. ontaro and ontare can be used for male and female “parents”, along with an unattested ᴺQ. ✱ontar as a neutral word for “parent” independent of gender. Hat-tip to Lokyt for this suggestion, though he is unsure who came up with the idea originally.

nosta-

beget

nosta- vb., variously glossed "beget" (SD:73) or passive "be begotten" (PE17:170); in earlier "Qenya" the gloss was "give birth" (LT1:272)

nostalë

species, kind

nostalë noun "species, kind" (LT1:272)

nostari

parents

nostari pl. noun "parents", pl. of *nostar* or nostaro** "parent" (LotR3:VI ch. 6, translated in Letters:308)

nosta

noun. birth, birthday

nostarenca

adjective. orphaned, (lit.) parent-less

A neologism for an “orphan” coined by Helge Fauskanger for his NQNT (NQNT), a combination of nostar “parent” and -enca “-less”, so literally “parent-less”.

nostalë

noun. species, kind, *type, sort; nature

nostarë

noun. birthday

onta-

verb. to beget, to beget, *conceive (a child); [ᴹQ.] to create

A verb in Tolkien’s writings glossed “beget” and derived from the root √NŌ/ONO (PE17/170; Ety/ONO). In The Etymologies of the 1930s it had a second gloss “create” (Ety/ONO).

Conceptual Development: The Early Qenya Grammar of the 1920s had the word ᴱQ. puita- “beget” (PE14/77), likely based on the early root ᴱ√PU(HU) “generate” (QL/75).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya I’d use this verb primarily with the sense “beget = ✱conceive (a child)”, as opposed to nosta- “to beget = give birth to”. I’d use this verb irrespective of the gender of the parent. When used of non-living or abstract things, it would have the sense “create”: ontanen vinya parma lírion “I begat [= created] a new book of songs”.

nónië

noun. birth

A neologism for “birth” coined by Helge Fauskanger for his NQNT (NQNT), an abstract noun form of Q. nóna “born”. I prefer to adapt the Early Qenya word nosta.

onta-

beget, create

onta- (pa.t. ónë or ontanë) vb. "beget, create" (ONO, PE17:170)

ontar

begetter, parent

ontar noun prob. *"begetter, parent" (a gender-neutral term, applied to a woman in the source; compare the various gender-specific forms below) (VT44:7). Dual ontaru "(two) parents" (see ontani above).

ontarië

begetter, parent

ontarië noun "begetter, parent" (fem.) (VT44:7)

ontaro

begetter, parent

ontaro noun "begetter, parent" (evidently masc.); pl. ontari or dual ontaru (see ontani) covers both sexes. (ONO, VT46:7)

ontarë

begetter, parent

ontarë noun "begetter, parent" (fem); the pl. ontari or dual ontaru (see ontani) covers both sexes. (ONO, VT46:7)

ónë

beget, create

ónë one pa.t. of onta- vb. "beget, create" (the pa.t. may also be ontanë) (ONO)