nō

root. become, be born

Derivatives

• Eq. nó- “to be born, become” ✧ QL/066
• Eq. nóre “(native) land, nation, family, country” ✧ LT1A/Valinor; QL/066
• Eq. nosse “folk, kin, people” ✧ LT1A/Valinor; QL/066
• Eq. nosta “birth, birthday” ✧ LT1A/Valinor; QL/066
• Eq. nosta- “to give birth to; to cause” ✧ LT1A/Valinor; QL/066
• G. nosta- “to be born”
• G. nos “kin, people”
• G. nothri “family, kinship”
• G. nothrin “highborn noble”
• G. nost “birth; blood, high birth; birthday”
• G. nuin “born”
• G. nôs “birthday; nature”

ū

root. not

Derivatives

• G. untha “no, none”
• G. u- “negative prefix”
• G. û- “not to be, not to do”
• G. u “no, not, nor”
• G. ug- “negative verb”
• G. ub “no, none”
• G. unt “nothing”

Element in

• ᴱ√UMU “*negative” ✧ QL/098

Variations

• Ū- ✧ QL/096

ū

root. under

The root ᴱ√Ū⁽¹⁾ “under” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s as a reduced form of {ᴱ√UGU >>} ᴱ√UƷU, with derivatives like ᴱQ. ū “beneath” and ᴱQ. umbe “dale, dell” (QL/96-97). It also had derivatives in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon such as G. um⁽⁾ “lowlying” and G. umbel “a dell” (GL/74). Tolkien noted that ᴱ√Ū also meant “not”, and contrasted ᴱ√Ū¹ “under” with ᴱ√NŪ (ᴱ√NUHU) of similar meaning (QL/68, 96). Indeed, in Tolkien’s later writings, √NŪ/UNU was the usual basis for “under” words, and ᴱ√Ū¹ “under” seems to have been abandoned.

Changes

• UGU → UƷU ✧ QL/096

Derivatives

• Eq. umbe “dale, dell” ✧ QL/096
• Eq. ú “beneath” ✧ QL/096
• Eq. úva “the under” ✧ QL/096
• G. ûthi “outside”
• G. uf “out of, forth, from”
• G. um “lowlying”
• G. ûtha- “to emit; to issue”

Variations

• UƷU ✧ QL/096
• UGU ✧ QL/097 (UGU)

ī

root. be

Derivatives

• ᴱ✶-ya “present” ✧ PE16/140
• Eq. e- “to be” ✧ PE16/140

Variations

• ī ✧ PE16/140