{ð} n. & poss. suff. of trees. lais geledhion, ** galadhon 'the leaves of trees'. >> geledhion, -on
Sindarin
galadhon
masculine name. Galadhon
Elements
Word Gloss galadh “tree” -on “masculine suffix”
galadhon
suffix. of trees
galadh
noun. tree
The basic Sindarin word for “tree” (LotR/1113), derived from primitive ✶galadā and very well attested. This word dates back at least to The Etymologies of the 1930s, where N. galadh “tree” appeared under the root ᴹ√GALAD (Ety/GALAD). See also orn “(tall) tree” of similar meaning.
Conceptual Development: Gnomish of the 1910s had some earlier version of this “tree” word: G. galdon >> alwen “tree” in the Name-list to the Fall of Gondolin (PE15/24) and archaic/poetic G. †alwen “tree” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/19), the latter probably from the early root ᴱ√ALA “spread” that was the basis for ᴱQ. alda “tree” (QL/29).
Cognates
Derivations
- ✶galadā “great plant, tree” ✧ Let/426; NM/349; NM/352; PE17/025; PE17/050; PE17/063; PE17/135; PE17/153; PE17/153; UT/266
Element in
- S. Bregalad “Quickbeam; (lit.) Quick (Lively) Tree”
- S. Caras Galadhon “City of the Trees” ✧ Let/426; NM/352; SA/alda; UT/267
- S. Caras i-Ngelaidh “City of the Trees” ✧ PE17/060
- S. Galadhon
- S. galadhremmen “tree-meshed” ✧ PE17/136
- S. Galadhrim “Tree-people” ✧ Let/426; PE17/050; SA/alda; UT/267
- S. Galadlóriel “Golden Rain, (lit.) Golden Tree”
- S. Galador
- S. Galadriel “Glittering-garland” ✧ SA/kal; UT/267
- S. Galadwen
- S. Galathilion “White Tree”
- S. Gelennil “Lover of Trees”
- S. lais geledhion “leaves of trees” ✧ PE17/097
- S. o galadhremmin ennorath “from tree-tangled middle-lands” ✧ PE17/025
- S. Orgaladh “Day of the Tree, *Tuesday”
- S. Orgaladhad “Day of the Two Trees, *Tuesday”
- S. si loth a galadh lasto dîn “*here flower and tree listen [in] silence” ✧ LB/354
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶galadā > galadh [galadā] > [galada] > [galaða] > [galað] ✧ Let/426 ✶galada > galað [galada] > [galaða] > [galað] ✧ NM/352 ✶galadā > galadh [galadā] > [galada] > [galaða] > [galað] ✧ PE17/025 ✶galadā > galadh [galadā] > [galada] > [galaða] > [galað] ✧ PE17/050 ✶galadā > galadh [galadā] > [galada] > [galaða] > [galað] ✧ PE17/063 ✶galadā > galaða > galað > galadh [galadā] > [galada] > [galaða] > [galað] ✧ PE17/135 ✶galadā́ > galað [galadā] > [galada] > [galaða] > [galað] ✧ PE17/153 ✶galadā > galað [galadā] > [galada] > [galaða] > [galað] ✧ PE17/153 ✶galadā > galadh [galadā] > [galada] > [galaða] > [galað] ✧ UT/266 Variations
- galað ✧ MR/182; MR/470; NM/349; NM/352; PE17/060; PE17/153; PE17/153
galadh
noun. tree
galadh
tree
_n. Bot._tree, like oak (nordh) and beech. A galadh was more thick, dense and branching than a orn. In Sindarin, there was no much distinction in size between galað and orn. A galað was more thick, dense and branching than a orn. Birch, ash and oak are of the orn kind. Q. alda. >> orn
galadh
tree
{ð} n. tree. In Sindarin, there was no much distinction in size between galað and orn. A galað was more thick, dense and branching than a orn. Birch, ash and oak are of the orn kind. Q. alda. >> orn
geledhion
suffix. of trees
pl. n. & poss. suff. of trees. lais geledhion, ** galadhon 'the leaves of trees'. >> galadhon
galadhon
of or related to trees
(lenited ‘aladhon, pl. galadhoen). Archaic ✱galadhaun. The latter is based on David Salo’s analysis of the name Caras Galadhon; others have interpreted the last word as some kind of genitive plural, maybe influenced by Silvan Elvish.
galadh
tree
1) galadh (i **aladh), pl. gelaid (i ngelaidh = i ñelaidh) (Letters:426, SD:302). 2) orn (pl. yrn**). Note: a homophone means ”tall”.
galadh
tree
(i ’aladh), pl. gelaid (i ngelaidh = i ñelaidh) (Letters:426, SD:302).
galadhrim
people of the trees
(Elves of Lórien). Adj.
araw
oromë
also called Tauron (na Dauron, o Thauron). Other names: Galadhon (na ’Aladhon) or Tauros (na Dauros, o Thauros)
araw
masculine name. Oromë
The Sindarin name of Oromë (LotR/1039), a derivation of his Valarin name Arǭmēz (WJ/400).
Possible Etymology: Tolkien considered several different derivations of this name. In The Etymologies of the 1930s and in some later writings, the name was derived from primitive ᴹ✶Orǭmē (Ety/ORÓM; PE17/99, 153), but in these derivations it is unclear how the initial element of his Sindarin name developed from O into A.
Later, Tolkien decided that his name developed from Val. Arǭmēz (PE17/138, WJ/400), making the initial A in the Sindarin name easier to explain. In the case of his Quenya name, the initial A changed to O by association with the Quenya root √ROM “noise of horns” (WJ/400).
Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon from the 1910s, the cognate of Orome was given as G. Orma (GL/63). In the Lays of Beleriand from the 1920s, it appeared as G. Ormain >> Ormaid, both rejected and replaced by (unrelated) Tavros (LB/195).
In The Etymologies from the 1930s, the Noldorin name of Orome appeared first as (rejected) N. Goru (EtyAC/GÓROM), then Araw (Ety/ORÓM). In Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, his name was written as (incomplete and rejected) Ramr... before being immediately changed to Araw (WR/292). This remained his Sindarin name thereafter.
Cognates
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶Oromē > Orom̆ > Orow̯ > Araw [oromē] > [orome] > [orom] > [orov] > [orou] > [orau] > [arau] ✧ PE17/099 ✶Orǭmē > Oraúmh > Araúv > Áraw [orǭmē] > [orǭme] > [oraume] > [oraum] > [orauv] > [arauv] > [arau] ✧ PE17/153 Val. Arǭmēz > arāmē/arǭmæ > araum(a) > araum̌/arauv > Araw [arǭmēz] > [arāmē] > [arāme] > [arǭme] > [araume] > [araum] > [arauv] > [arau] ✧ WJ/400 Variations
- Oráw ✧ PE17/099 (Oráw)
- Áraw ✧ PE17/099; PE17/153
lebethron
noun. a tree - its black wood was used by the woodwrights of Gondor
In the original manuscript, one of the earlier (rejected) form of this name was lebendron. Didier Willis proposed the etymology lebed+doron "finger-oak", actually a real tree name (Finger Oak or Quercus digitata)
malhorn
noun. golden tree of Lothlórien
mallorn
noun. golden tree of Lothlórien
malthorn
noun. golden tree of Lothlórien
orn
noun. (any large) tree
oron
noun. tree
n. Bot. tree. Also in compound -(o)rŏnō. >> orn
huorn
walking tree of fangorn
(i chuorn, o chuorn), pl. huyrn (i chuyrn).
lebethron
oak tree
.
nothlir
family tree
(family line); no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. nothliriath.
orn
tree
(pl. yrn). Note: a homophone means ”tall”.
toss
low-growing tree
(i** doss, o thoss, construct tos), pl. tyss (i** thyss). Tolkien mentioned ”maple, hawthorn, blackthorn, holly, etc.” as examples of the low-growing trees covered by this word. Specific trees, see
Father of Celeborn in one version of his history (UT/233, WJ/350). This name seems to be a combination galadh “tree” and the masculine suffix -on.
Conceptual Development: In a name list from the 1930s, N. Galadhon is given as a name of Oromë, equivalent to ᴹQ. Aldaron (LR/404), a replacement for earliest G. Aldor or Althor (GL/18-19).