lî

noun. people (of one kind or origin), people (of one kind or origin), [G.] folk, many people, crowd of folk

lî

noun. a people of one kind or origin

_n. _a people of one kind or origin. >> gwaith, rim

lîf

noun. link, link, *joint

A noun for a “link” implied by S. molif “wrist = hand-link” with the primitive form ✶limi (VT47/6).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would also use this word for a joint of the body or a link in a chain.

lîr

noun. line, line, [N.] row

lîn

noun. pool, mere

A word for “pool” or “lake”, appearing as an element in the name Linaewen “Lake of Birds” (S/119; UT/401). As an independent word it is probably ✱lîn, and it is probably a derivative of the root √LIN of similar meaning (PE17/145, 160).

Conceptual Development: The earliest obvious precursor to this word is ᴱN. lhuin “pool” in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/149). In The Etymologies of the 1930s it appeared as N. lhîn “pool”, a derivative of the root ᴹ√LIN “pool” and cognate to ᴹQ. linya (Ety/LIN¹). Remnants of the ancient y can be seen in its (lenited) class plural liniath in the name N. Hithliniath “Pools of Mist” (Ety/KHIS; LR/262). It cannot be a direct cognate of its Quenya form, however, at it has no signs of a-affection. Christopher Tolkien mentioned the name element lin “pool, mere” in The Silmarillion appendix (SA/lin), though whether it was intended to be a primitive form or a Sindarin word isn’t clear.

Neo-Sindarin: I think it is best to simply adapt the Noldorin form into (Neo) Sindarin as lîn, perhaps derived from primitive ✱linyē and hence with class plural liniath.

lîn

noun. pool

lîr

noun. song, poem, lay

lîr

noun. row, range

lif

noun. link

medlin

adjective. honey-eater, bear-like

aerlinn

noun. (unknown meaning, perhaps a song about the sea, or possibly holy song)

lîf

link

#lîf, isolated from molif ”wrist”, literally ”hand-link” (VT47:6)

lîr

line

1) lîr (row), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. líriath. 2) tê (i dê, o thê) (way), pl. tî (i thî), coll. pl. ?teath, 3) tî (i dî, o thî) (row), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thî), coll. pl. tíath.

lîr

line

(row), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. líriath.

lîn

pool

lîn (lake), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. #**liniath (isolated from Hithliniath**, WJ:194). 3)

lîn

lake

1) lîn (pool), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. #liniath (isolated from Hithliniath, WJ:194). 2) ael (aelin-, pl. aelin) (pool, mere). In ”Noldorin” oel, pl. oelin. 3) nên (water, pool, stream, waterland), construct nen, pl. nîn**. **

lîg

noun. wax

A neologism for “wax” coined by Paul Strack in 2018 specifically for Eldamo, the equivalent of Q. líco “wax”.

glî

honey

glî (i **lî**);

glî

honey

(i ’lî);

lîn

pool

(lake), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. #*liniath*** (isolated from Hithliniath**, WJ:194). 3)

lîn

lake

(pool), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. #*liniath*** (isolated from Hithliniath**, WJ:194).

tî

line

(i** dî, o thî) (row), no distinct pl. form except with article (i** thî), coll. pl. tíath.

glîr

song

1) glîr (i **lîr, construct glir) (poem, lay), no distinct pl. form except with article (in glîr), coll. pl. glíriath. 2) laer (no distinct pl. form). Note: a homophone means ”summer”. 3) lind (air, tune; also = singer, in the latter sense also used of rivers), no distinct pl. form (WJ.309). See also HYMN regarding the word aerlinn**.

glîr

song

(i ’lîr, construct glir) (poem, lay), no distinct pl. form except with article (in glîr), coll. pl. glíriath. 2)  laer (no distinct pl. form). Note: a homophone means ”summer”. 3) lind (air, tune; also = singer, in the latter sense also used of rivers), no distinct pl. form (WJ.309). See also

lîdh

noun. journey

A neologism for “journey” coined by Elaran in a private Discord chat from 2019-08-07, based on ✱lēde < √LED “go, proceed”; see also N. ledh- “to go, fare, travel”. Noun forms with long vowels that correspond to basic verbs with short vowels are fairly common in Sindarin, for example: N. mîl n. “love” vs. S. mel- v. “to love”; N. glîr n. “song” vs. N. glir- “to sing”. A direct cognate of Q. lenda “journey” would be ᴺS. lend or lenn, but the form ᴺS. lend already exists as an adjective for “tuneful, sweet”.

tî

row

tî (i dî, o thî) (line), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thî), coll. pl. tíath;

tî

row

(i dî, o thî) (line), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thî), coll. pl. tíath;

tilias

line of peaks

(i** dilias, o thilias), pl. tiliais (i** thiliais), coll. pl. tiliassath.

nothlir

family line

(family tree); no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. nothliriath.

rim

a people of one kind or origin

_n. _a people of one kind or origin. >> gwaith, lî

falas

line of surf

(pl. felais) (beach, shore, coast, strand, foaming shore; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). *(VT42:15)*****

tê

line

(i dê, o thê) (way), pl. tî (i thî), coll. pl. ?teath

taeg

boundary line

(i daeg, o thaeg) (limit, boundary), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thaeg).

laer

noun. song

laich

adjective. sweet

ael

pool

1) ael (aelin-, pl. aelin) (lake, mere). In ”Noldorin” oel, pl. oelin. 2)

ael

pool

(aelin-, pl. aelin) (lake, mere). In ”Noldorin” oel, pl. oelin.

ael

lake

(aelin-, pl. aelin) (pool, mere). In ”Noldorin” oel, pl. oelin.

lend

journey

lend (way), pl. lind, coll. pl. lennath. Note: a homophone means ”tuneful, sweet”.

lend

journey

(way), pl. lind, coll. pl. lennath. Note: a homophone means ”tuneful, sweet”.

lend

sweet

(tuneful), pl. lind. Note: a homophone means ”way, journey”. No Sindarin adjective describing sweet taste occurs in published material.

melui

sweet

1) (= lovely) melui (lenited velui; no distinct pl. form) (VT42:18). 2) lend (tuneful), pl. lind. Note: a homophone means ”way, journey”. No Sindarin adjective describing sweet taste occurs in published material.

ael

noun. lake, pool, mere

laer

noun. song, long lay

leich

adjective. sweet

lend

noun. journey

lenn-

noun. journey

loeg

noun. pool

loeg

noun. pool

lô

noun. shallow lake, fenland

rim

noun. cold pool or lake (in mountains)

anc

row of teeth

(jaw), pl. ainc, coll. pl. angath.

both

small pool

(i moth, construct both) (puddle), pl. byth (i mbyth). David Salo would lengthen the vowel and read ✱bôth in Sindarin.

dornhoth

thrawn folk

(WJ:388, 408)

drúnos

folk

Drúnos (i Dhrúnos), pl. Drúnys (in Drúnys), coll. pl. Drúnossath. See WILD MAN.

drúnos

folk

Drúnos (i Dhrúnos), pl. Drúnys (in Drúnys), coll. pl. Drúnossath

drúnos

folk

Drúnos (i Dhrúnos), pl. Drúnys (in Drúnys), coll. pl. Drúnossath.

lembas

journey-bread

(way-bread), pl. lembais

loeg

pool

loeg (no distinct pl. form: loeg is also atttested with plural meaning) (VT45:29). 4) nên (water, lake, stream, waterland), construct nen, pl. nîn.

loeg

pool

(no distinct pl. form: loeg is also atttested with plural meaning) (VT45:29). 4) nên (water, lake, stream, waterland), construct nen, pl. nîn.

lô

shallow lake

(fenland), pl. lŷ.

melui

sweet

(lenited velui; no distinct pl. form) (VT42:18).

nên

lake

(water, pool, stream, waterland), construct nen, pl. nîn.

nîdh

honeycomb

(construct nidh; no distinct pl. form) (VT45:38).

rim

cold pool or lake

; no distinct pl. form except with article (idh rim), coll. pl. rimmath. Note: a homophone means ”crowd, great number, host”.

glî

noun. honey

A word for “honey” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶g-lisi under the root ᴹ√LIS of the same meaning (Ety/LIS).

Conceptual Development: In Early Noldorin Word-lists Tolkien also had ᴱN. glí “honey” (PE13/144), presumably similarly derived from the early root ᴱ√LISI. However, in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s the word for “honey” was G. neglis with an initial element √neg- (GL/59), the Gnomish equivalent of the early root ᴱ√NEHE that was the basis for ᴱQ. nekte “honey” (QL/65). It is possible that the second element of G. neglis was based on ᴱ√LISI and this was carried forward into later “honey” words.

glî

noun. honey

tî

noun. line, row

lhîn

noun. pool

lhîr

noun. row

liniath

noun. pools

glîr

noun. song, poem, lay

lhîn

noun. pool

lhîr

noun. song, poem, lay

lhîr

noun. row, range

meglin

adjective. honey-eater, bear-like

tê

noun. line, way

lhaer

noun. song, long lay

oel

noun. lake, pool, mere

rhim

noun. cold pool or lake (in mountains)

rhimb

noun. cold pool or lake (in mountains)

limë

noun. link, link, *joint

A noun for a “link” implied by Q. málimë “wrist = hand-link” with the primitive form ✶limi (VT47/6).

Neo-Quenya: Since a wrist is a joint, the noun limë might mean “✱joint” as well, but I currently prefer to use [ᴱQ.] oxa for joints of the body.

limë

link

#limë (stem *limi-) noun "link", isolated from málimë, q.v.

lís

lîs

lís ("lîs")noun "honey", "oblique līr- but usually from stem liss-" (PE17:154). Compare the reading in the Etymologies: lis (liss-, e.g. dat.sg. lissen) (LIS; Tolkien originally wrote lissë, VT45:28)

linya

pool

linya noun "pool" (LIN1)

lissë

sweet

lissë adj. "sweet" (Nam, RGEO:66); also noun "sweetness", used metaphorically for "grace" (VT43:29, VT44:18); in this sense the word may be compounded as #Erulissë, q.v. Genitive lissëo in VT44:18. - In the entry LIS in the Etymologies, Tolkien originally gave lissë as the noun "honey", but then changed it to lis with stem liss- (VT45:28)

lissë

adjective. sweet

lís

noun. honey, honey, *sugar, sweetener

A word for “honey” in Definitive Linguistic Notes (DLN) from 1959 given as lîs and derived from the root √(G)LIS (PE17/154); the usual representation of a long vowel in Quenya would be ✱lís. In DLN Tolkien said that it sometimes appeared as līr- in inflections with the usual change of intervocalic s to r, but that its usual stem form was liss-. Indeed, in The Etymologies of the 1930s this word was ᴹQ. lis “honey” under the root ᴹ√LIS of the same meaning, and its stem form was also liss- as indicated by its [ᴹQ.] genitive lissen (Ety/LIS). Tolkien originally gave the base noun as lisse in The Etymologies, but this was deleted and replaced by lis (EtyAC/LIS). In The Etymologies its Noldorin cognate was N. glî.

Conceptual Development: A likely precursor to this word was ᴱQ. ile “honey” in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s, cognate to ᴱN. glí “honey” (GL/59).

Neo-Quenya: Since there are other honey-words in Quenya like Q. nehtë, I would use lís (liss-) for sweeteners in general, including both honey and sugar.

téma

row, series, line

téma noun "row, series, line" (pl. témar attested) (TEÑ, Appendix E)

líco

noun. wax

A word for “wax” in notes associated with the versions of the Markirya poem from the 1960s (MC/223). It might be based on the root √LIK “glide, slide, slip, drip” from a different set of 1960s notes (NM/283).

Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. neite as cognate to G. nith “wax”, both derived from primitive ᴱ✶nēgittĕ (GL/60).

melu

noun. honey

A word for “honey” appearing only in the compound Q. melumatya “honey-eating” in notes from 1967 (PE17/68).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I recommend using the better-established Q. nehtë for “honey”.

nehtë

noun. honey, honey; [ᴹQ.] honeycomb

A noun for “honey” appearing in 1970 green-ink revisions to the Outline of Phonology (OP2) derived from ✶negdē “exudation” based on the root √NEG “ooze, drip” (PE19/91). It was a later iteration of ᴹQ. nehte “honeycomb” in The Etymologies of the 1930s which had essentially the same derivation (EtyAC/NEG). This in turn was a later form of ᴱQ. nekte “honey” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s derived from the early root ᴱ√NEHE having to do with bees and honey (QL/65).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I’d use this word only for “honey”. For “honeycomb” I’d use ᴺQ. nehtelë inspired by ᴱQ. nektele “honeycomb” (QL/65)

ailo

lake, pool

ailo noun "lake, pool" (LT2:339; Tolkien's later Quenya has ailin)

nectë

honey

nectë noun "honey" (LT1:262; Tolkien's later Quenya has lis; otherwise, nectë would have had to become nehtë_, a form appearing in the Etymologies with the meaning "honeycomb" [VT45:38]. However, this word clashes with _nehtë "angle" or "spearhead, gore, wedge, narrow promontory" from later sources [PE17:55, UT:282].)

neitë

wax

neitë noun "wax" (GL:60; rather líco in Tolkien's later Quenya. The status of the diphthong ei is uncertain; in the LotR appendices, Tolkien did not list ei among the Quenya diphthongs, so perhaps the word neitë from an early source is conceptually obsolete also in terms of phonology.)

líco

wax

líco ("k")noun "wax" (Markirya comments, MC:223). The related noun lícuma "candle" suggests that líco has the stem-form lícu-.

lírë

song

lírë noun "song", stem #líri- in the instrumental form lírinen "in [the] song" or *"by [the] song" (Nam, RGEO:67)

lenda

noun. journey, journey, *travel, trip

A word for “journey” appearing in Words, Phrases and Passages from the Lord of the Rings (WPP) from the late 1950s or early 1960s, derived from √LEN or √LED and related to the derivation of S. lembas “waybread” (PE17/60).

Neo-Quenya: The NQW suggested this word may mean also be used for “✱travel, trip”.

Conceptual Development: The Declension of Nouns of the early 1930s had ᴹQ. lesto “journey” (PE21/12).

lírë

noun. song

nendë

noun. lake, lake, [ᴹQ.] pool

A word for “lake” (PE17/52) or “pool” (Ety/NEN), derived from the root √NEN “water”.

Conceptual Development: This word appeared in both The Etymologies of the 1930s (Ety/NEN) and notes on Words, Phrases and Passages from the Lord of the Rings (WPP) from the late 1950s or early 1960s (PE17/37) with the same basic meaning and derivation.

lendë

noun. journey

A neologism for “journey” created by Didier Willis in PPQ (PPQ) from the early 2000s based on the root √LED “go, proceed”. I would instead used the attested form lenda “journey”, published in 2007.

hos

folk

hos noun "folk" (LT2:340)

lenda

journey

lenda (1) noun "journey" (PE17:60)

lóna

pool, mere

lóna (1) noun "pool, mere" (VT42:10). Variant of lón, lónë above?

melu

honey

#melu noun "honey", isolated from melumatya, q.v. (PE17:68)

mesta

journey

mesta noun ?"journey" (Arct)

nehte

noun. honey

honey

nendë

pool

nendë (1) noun "pool" (NEN), "lake" (PE17:52)

limi

noun. link

lisyā

adjective. sweet

teg

root. line

Tolkien used a number of similar roots as the basis for “line” words throughout his life. The earliest of these appeared in the Qenya Lexicon as ᴱ√TEHE [teχe] “pull” (gloss marked with a “?” by Tolkien) with derivatives like ᴱQ. tea “straight”, ᴱQ. telya “attractive; importunate”, and ᴱQ. tie “line, direction, route, road” (QL/90), the last of these surviving more or less unchanged all the way into the published version of The Lord of the Rings (LotR/377). The early root ᴱ√TEHE also had derivatives in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon such as G. tê “mark, line; track; path”, G. tî or tion “straight”, and G. tîr “honest; esteem, regard, honour”, originally “straight, upright” (GL/69, 71). Primitive ᴱ✶tegna > ᴱQ. tína/ᴱN. tain “straight” from Early Noldorin Word-lists from the 1920s may represent a shift in the form of the root to ✱ᴱ√TEGE (PE13/153, 165).

In The Etymologies of the 1930s the root appeared as {ᴹ√TEƷ >>} ᴹ√TEÑ “line, direction” with derivatives like ᴹQ. tie/N. tê “line, way” and ᴹQ. téra/N. tîr “straight, right” (Ety/TEƷ, TEÑ). In the Outline of Phonology Tolkien gave √TEG “line”, whereas √TEÑ was given as the basis for Q. tenna “a thought, notion, idea” and thus clearly with a different meaning; see the entry √TEÑ for further discussion. In any case it is clear that Tolkien considered various ancient velar consonants for the second consonant of this root, all ultimately vanishing in the child languages with similar vocalic effects: 1910s teχ-, 1920s teg-, 1930s {teʒ- >>} teñ- and 1950s teg-.

lâi

collective noun. folk

A noun appearing only as an element in kadar-lâi “city folk” (SD/435). It may be related to Q. lië “people”, as suggested by various authors (AAD/18, AL/Adûnaic, EotAL/LAI). In at least one Avari dialect, this word was lai (WJ/410).

loeg

noun. pool

@@@ as suggested by Lokyt, possibly a plural form of unattested log, since it is glossed in the plural in the source material: “pools”

-hai

suffix. folk

nettë

noun. honey

necte, nette

noun. honey

honey