caen-

cardinal. ten

caen-

card

_ card. _ten. Q. cainen. >> cae, mimp. This gloss was rejected.

caen

cardinal. ten

cae

card

_ card. _ten. Q. cea. >> caen-, mimp. This gloss was rejected.

cae

cardinal. ten

can

card

_ card. _four. Q. canta. >> canad, leben

neder

card

_ card. _nine. Q. nerte. >> cae, caen-

canad

card

_ card. _four. Q. canta. >> can, leben

eneg

card

_ card. _six. Q. enque, enc-. >> odog

er

card

_ card. _one. Q. er. >> min, tad

leben

card

_ card. _five. Q. lepen, lempe. >> eneg

min

card

_ card. _one. Q. min. >> er, tad

nel

card

_ card. _three. Q. nelde. Fcan, canad, neledh

odog

card

_ card. _seven. Q. otos. >> tolod

pae

cardinal. ten

pae

cardinal. ten

paean

cardinal. ten

tad

card

_ card. _two. Q. atta. Fnel, neledh

tad

card

card. two. . This gloss was rejected.

tolod

card

_ card. _eight. Q. tolto. >> neder

pae

cardinal. ten

pae (the ”Noldorin” form caer listed in the Etymologies was apparently abandoned by Tolkien).

pae

ten

(the ”Noldorin” form caer listed in the Etymologies was apparently abandoned by Tolkien).

paenui

tenth

.

cainen

cardinal. ten

[cainen] ("k") cardinal "ten" (KAYAN/KAYAR). According to VT48:12, Tolkien eventually rejected this word (cainen would only mean "I lay", sc. the pa.t. cainë with the ending -n "I"). See quain, quëan.

cainen

cardinal. ten

cëa(n)

cardinal. ten

cëa

cardinal. ten

[cëa, cëan ("k") cardinal "ten", forms Tolkien later abandoned in favour of quain or quëan. An adjectival form caina ("k") was also listed, but must likewise be considered obsolete. (VT48:12-13, VT49:54)]

quain

cardinal. ten

quain cardinal "ten" (also quëan); quainëa ordinal "tenth" (VT48:6, 20; VT42:25). Quain or quëan replaced the form cainen in Tolkiens conception.

quain

cardinal. ten

quëan

cardinal. ten

quëan cardinal "ten", also quain (VT48:6, 12, 20). Quain or quëan replaced the form cainen in Tolkiens conception.

quëan

cardinal. ten

caer

cardinal. ten

caer

cardinal. ten

kayan

root. ten

kway

root. ten

A root Tolkien introduced in the late 1960s as the basis for his latest Elvish word for “ten”: Q. quëan/quain, S. pae, T. pai(n) (VT42/24; VT48/6). It was an extension of √KWA “complete” as in “a complete set of (10) fingers”. Prior this late change, the usual word for “ten” was ᴹQ. kainen (along with other variants beginning with kai- or kea-) from the root ᴹ√KAYAN or ᴹ√KAYAR as it appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s (Ety/KAYAN). This basis for “ten” dates back to the Early Qenya Grammar of the 1920s (PE14/49, PE14/82). Tolkien was still considering √KAYAN for “10” in the late 1960s before replacing it with √KWAY(AM) (VT48/12).

pai(n)

cardinal. ten