fing

noun. lock of hair

A noun appearing in 1967 notes on the Nomenclature of the Lord of the Rings as an element in Finglas “Leaflock” (RC/760). The form fineg appeared unglossed in notes from around 1965 as a derivative of ✶phinik (PE17/17). The word fing is more obscure than S. find of similar meaning.

Conceptual Development: The word G. fingl or finnil “a tress” appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/35). In that period, the gl was probably the result of the sound change whereby ðl became gl, since this early form was likely derived from the root ᴱ√FIŘI [FIÐI] (QL/38). When it first appeared, the name N. Finglas (= find + las?) may also have had a similar sound change, but since Tolkien abandoned that phonetic rule in Sindarin of the 1950s and 60s (compare S. edlenn vs. N. eglenn “exiled”), Tolkien needed to come up with a new etymology.

fing

noun. lock of hair

fingolfin

masculine name. Fingolfin

Second son of Finwë and high king of the Noldor in Beleriand until his death (S/60). His name is an adaptation of his father-name Nolofinwë, with the prefixed element fin often seen in the Sindarin names of the descendants of Finwë (PE17/118, PM/344).

Conceptual Development: The earliest name of this character was ᴱN. Golfin, as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LB/147), though he did not yet have his proper place in the geneologies of the Houses of the Noldor. In the Lays of Beleriand from the 1920s, his name emerged as ᴱN. Fingolfin, and so remained thereafter.

In The Etymologies from the 1930s, the Noldorin name Fingolfin was glossed “Magical Skill” (Ety/PHIN). When Tolkien revised the history of the Elvish languages, he briefly considered revising this name to S. Ingolfin, based on his mother-name Ingoldo, but quickly rejected this idea, using the etymology given above instead (PE17/118). He later reassigned Ingoldo as the mother-name of his younger brother Finarfin (PM/360).

Fingolfin

noun. Fingolfin

prop. n.

Fingolfin

noun. Fingolfin

the name is stated to have had no meaning in S; fin (reduced Finwë - his father's name) + goll (“wise”) + fin (reduced Finwë Nolofinwë - his Quenya name)

Fingon

noun. Fingon

hair shout (if interpretable at all); find (“hair, a tress”) + caun (“outcry, clamour”) S name of Findekáno.

Fingon

noun. Tolkien proposed revision of this name: Finion or Fingorn

_prop. n. _Tolkien proposed revision of this name: Finion or Fingorn (PE17:112). . This gloss was rejected.

finglas

masculine name. Leaflock

An Ent whose name was translated “Leaflock” (LotR/474). His name is a combination of fing “lock of hair” and lass “leaf” (RC/760).

Conceptual Development: This character was named N. Finglas when he first appeared in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s.

Finglas

noun. hair-leaf

fînd (“tress”) + lass (“leaf”) #The medial g is not clear, might be left from Gnomish lexicon, where fingl meant “tress”, or fing is a variant of find.

fingon

masculine name. Hair Shout

Eldest son of Fingolfin and second high king of the Noldor in Beleriand until his father’s death (S/60). His name is an adaptation of his Quenya name Findecáno which roughly means “Hair Shout” (PM/345), a combination of fîn “hair” and the suffix -gon seen in the several names (SA/fin, káno).

Conceptual Development: The name of this character was Fin(n)weg in the earliest Silmarillion drafts (SM/14), though the name Fingon appeared in later revisions of the Lays of Beleriand from the 1920s (LB/80). In Silmarillion drafts from the early 1930s, the name Finweg was consistently revised to Fingon (SM/89), and remained thus thereafter.

In The Etymologies from the 1930s, N. Fingon was given as a derivative of ᴹ✶Phindekāno containing ON. phinde “skill” and the suffixal form -gon of caun “valour” (Ety/PHIN, KAN). Later Tolkien briefly considered revising this name to S. Fingorn “Revered Finwe” using the same final element as Aragorn, but quickly rejected this idea (PE17/113). He then considered various etymologies for Fingon using the roots √KUN(DU), √KON and √KAN, the last of which is given above.

Fingolodh

noun. probably cognate with (Q

{ð} prop. n. probably cognate with (Q.?) Fingoldo.

Fingon

noun. Sindarized form of Q

_prop. n. _Sindarized form of Q. Finicā(n. Tolkien proposed to change it : Finion or Fingorn. . This gloss was rejected.

Fingorn

noun.  'Revered Fin'

prop. n.  'Revered Fin(we)'. Tolkien proposed this form as remplacement for Fingon. >> Fingon. This gloss was rejected.

Finglor

noun. 'hair-golden'

prop. n. 'hair-golden'. Q. Findelaure. >> findel, Findelor

find

noun. a tress

fing

lock of hair

fing (no distinct pl. form)

Fingon

Fingon (name)

Fingon's father-name was Findekáno (Q: "Skilled Hero", pron. N , V ). Fingon is the Sindarin version of his father-name.

Fingon

Fingon

Fingon is the Sindarized version of his Quenya father-name, Findekáno. The latter consists of findë ("hair") + káno ("commander").

Fingolfin

Wise Finwë

Fingolfin's father-name was Ñolofinwë (Q: "Wise Finwë", pron. N [ˌŋoloˈfinwe], V [ˌŋoloˈɸinwe], TA Exilic [ˌnoloˈfinwe]). His mother-name was Aracáno ("High Chieftain", pron. [ˌaraˈkaːno]). Fingolfin is the Sindarin form of his father-name, with the word Finwë added to the beginning. The addition was done by Fingolfin himself in pursuance of his claim to be High King of the Noldor after his father's death.

find

tress

find (lock of hair). Construct fin; no distinct pl. form; coll pl. finnath.

find

tress

(lock of hair). Construct fin; no distinct pl. form; coll pl. finnath.

find

lock of hair

find (tress). Construct fin; no distinct pl. form; coll pl. finnath

find

lock of hair

(tress). Construct fin; no distinct pl. form; coll pl. finnath

leber

noun. finger

The Sindarin word for “finger”, derived from primitive ✶leper and based on the root √LEP “pick up” (VT47/10; VT48/5).

Conceptual Development: Tolkien used various Elvish words for “finger” over his life, but most were based on the root √LEP. The Gnomish Grammar and Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. leptha “finger” (GG/13; GL/53), clearly derived from the early root ᴱ√LEPE that was the basis for contemporaneous Qenya finger words (QL/53). In Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s it was ᴱN. lhê “finger”, derived from primitive ᴱ✶lept- (PE13/148). In The Etymologies of the 1930s it was N. lhebed “finger” based on the root ᴹ√LEPET of the same meaning (Ety/LEP). In drafts of the 1968 notes mentioned above, Tolkien had S. lebed “finger” (VT47/27), but this was replaced by leber in the finished versions (VT47/23-24 note #30).

lebed

noun. finger

Tolkien later seems to have replaced this form by leber

leber

noun. finger

emig

noun. index finger (Elvish play-name used by and taught to children)

gwinig

noun. little finger (Elvish play-name used by and taught to children)

honeg

noun. middle finger (Elvish play-name used by and taught to children)

Given as honig in VT/47:14, but see VT/48:17 n. 13 for discussion

lebdas

noun. index finger

lebenedh

noun. middle finger

lebent

noun. ring finger

lebig

noun. little finger

nethig

noun. ring finger (Elvish play-name used by and taught to children)

First given in the manuscript as netheg in VT/47:14-15, but see especially VT/48:17 n. 13 for discussion

niben

adjective. little finger (Elvish play-name used by and taught to children)

niged

noun. little finger

nobad

noun. the pair of fingers composed of the thumb and the index (grouped together as in the act of picking something)

tas

noun. index finger

tolch

noun. middle finger (Elvish play-name used by and taught to children)

toleg

noun. middle finger (Elvish play-name used by and taught to children)

leber

finger

leber (pl. lebir) (VT47:10, 23, 24; VT48:5). This may replace ”Noldorin” lhebed, which we would otherwise update to Sindarin as lebed. For names of specific fingers, see INDEX FINGER, LITTLE FINGER, MIDDLE FINGER, RING FINGER, THUMB.

leberen

adjective. fingered, of fingers

glorfindel

masculine name. Golden-hair

A Noldorin hero of the First and Third Age (S/194, LotR/209), possibly the same individual (PM/377-384). His name is translated “Golden-hair”, a combination of glaur “gold” and †findel “head of hair” (PE17/17, 34), ultimately derived from his Quenya name Laurefindele (PE17/119). The ancient nature of this name is indicated by the fact that the medial nd had not yet become nn as was usual in Sindarin (LotR/1115).

Conceptual Development: The name G. Glorfindel appeared in the earliest Lost Tales, translated “Goldtress” (LT2/216). Several variant forms appeared in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon: Glorfinnl amd Glorfingl, translated “Goldlocks” (GL/40). The name remained N. Glorfindel in Silmarillion drafts (SM/37, LR/142) as well as The Etymologies from the 1930s, with essentially the same derivation as the one given above (Ety/LÁWAR, SPIN). In some Notes on Names (NN) from the 1957, Tolkien experimented with inverting the name to Finglor (PE17/119).

naub

noun. thumb

A word for the thumb given as nawb in notes on Eldarin Hands, Fingers and Numerals from 1968 (VT48/5), clearly based on the root √NAP “pick up” (VT47/29). Its dual form nobad was used to refer to the “thumb and index [finger] as a pair” (VT48/5).

Conceptual Development: In rough drafts of these notes, Tolkien used lebed for “thumb, picker” from primitive ✶lepet(ā) (VT47/27). In early writings N. lhebed was instead “finger” (Ety/LEP), and its use for “thumb” was likely a transient idea.

Findelor

noun. 'hair-golden'

prop. n. 'hair-golden'. Q. Findelaure. >> findel, Finglor

emel

noun. mother

A word for “mother” in notes on Elvish Hands, Fingers and Numerals from the late 1960s, along with a diminutive form emelig (VT48/17 note #13). These forms were struck through and replaced by emig as the proper diminutive form from the root √EM (VT48/6), but that doesn’t necessarily invalidate emel = “mother”, which appeared elsewhere as (probably primitive) emel, emer in rough versions of these notes (VT48/19 note #16). These Sindarin forms are unusual in that the medial m did not become v, which means the primitive form was likely based on ✱emm- as suggested by Patrick Wynne (VT48/17 note #14).

Conceptual Development: G. amil “mother” appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s along with rejected forms {anwin, amril} and an archaic variant †amaith (GL/19). The forms {emaith >>} amaith appeared unglossed in Gnomish Lexicon Slips revising that document (PE13/109). In The Etymologies of the 1930s there was a form N. †emil for “mother” under the root ᴹ√AM of the same meaning, but Tolkien said this word was archaic, apparently replaced by N. naneth (Ety/AM¹; EtyAC/AM¹). With N. emil, the a became e via i-affection, but the medial m failing to become v requires an explanation similar to that of 1960s S. emel.

Neo-Sindarin: I generally prefer derivatives of the earlier root √AM for “mother” words in Quenya, but in the case of Sindarin, I find emel and emig from √EM to be better and more widely accepted.

hanar

noun. brother

A word for “brother” coined by Tolkien in notes on Eldarin Hands, Fingers and Numerals from the late 1960s, based on the root √KHAN of the same meaning and replacing the archaic form of the word †hawn (VT47/14). Remnants of this archaic form can be seem in the diminutive/affectionate form honeg “[little] brother” (VT48/6); Tolkien considered and apparently rejected alternates of the diminutive: honig and hanig (VT47/14; VT48/17).

Conceptual Development: The Etymologies of the 1930s had N. tôr “brother” from the root ᴹ√TOR (Ety/TOR), and the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. hethos “brother” from the early root ᴱ√HESE [HEÞE] (GL/48-49; QL/40). See those entries for discussion.

nethel

noun. sister

A word for “sister” coined by Tolkien in notes on Eldarin Hands, Fingers and Numerals from the late 1960s, based on the root √NETH of similar meaning and replacing the archaic form of the word †nîth (VT47/12, 14). The diminutive/affectionate form nethig “[little] sister” was used as a play name for the fourth finger (VT48/6); Tolkien considered an alternate diminutive netheg (VT47/14, 32) and also considered giving this diminutive an alternate meaning “little girl” (VT47/15, 33); see S. neth for discussion.

Conceptual Development: The Etymologies of the 1930s had N. thêl “sister” from the root ᴹ√THEL or THELES (Ety/THEL), and the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. hethir “sister” from the early root ᴱ√HESE [HEÞE] (GL/48; QL/40). See those entries for discussion.

emig

little mother

(no distinct pl. form except with article: in emig). Also used (in children’s play) as a name for the index finger (VT48:6, 17)

honeg

little brother

(i choneg, o choneg), pl. honig (i chonig), also used as a play-name for the middle finger. (VT47:6, 16-17) 2) In older sources Tolkien listed different ”Noldorin” words for ”brother”: muindor (i vuindor), analogical pl. muindyr (i muindyr). Archaic/poetic †tôr (i** dôr, o thôr, construct tor), pl. teryn (i** theryn), coll. pl. toronath. In ”Noldorin”, the pl. was terein. 3) “Brother” in extended sense of “relative”: gwanur (i ’wanur) (kinsman, also kinswoman), pl. gwenyr (in gwenyr). Note: a homophone of the sg. means ”pair of twins”.

mîw

small

1) mîw (tiny, frail), lenited vîw, no distinct pl. form, 2) niben (petty), pl. nibin. Also used as a name for the the little finger. (VT48:6) 3) SMALL (and frail) nimp, no distinct pl. form (VT48:18)

naub

thumb

*naub (pl. noeb). The spelling used in the source is nawb (VT48:5). Dual nobad, used of the thumb and the index finger grouped together in the act of picking something (VT48:5, 6). In childrens play the thumb was also called atheg, ”little father” (pl. ethig) (VT48:6, 17)

niben

small

(petty), pl. nibin. Also used as a name for the the little finger. (VT48:6) 

lebed

noun. thumb

Arnor

Sindarized form of Q

topon. Sindarized form of Q. Aranor 'kingly, chief land'. Pure Sindarin forme Ardor. >> Ardor

Feanor

noun. Sindarized form of Q

prop. n. Sindarized form of Q. Feanór.

Glorfindel

noun. Sindarized form of Q

prop. n. Sindarized form of Q. Laurefin(de), Laurefindele. >> findel

Ingol

noun. Sindarized form of Q

prop. n. Sindarized form of Q. Ingoldo.

Ronhir

noun. probably cognate with (Q

prop. n. probably cognate with (Q.?) Rondohēr.

angolodh

masculine name. The Noldo

A hypothetical Sindarization of the name Q. Ingoldo “The Noldo”, mother-name of Finarfin (PM/360). The second element is clearly S. Golodh “Noldo”. The first element probably has no particular meaning, but rather is an example of how primitive [[os|initial syllabic [ŋg] became [aŋg]]] in Sindarin (PE17/124), while it became [iŋg] in Quenya (PE19/77).

cidinn

adjective. small

_ adj. _small. Q. cinta.

cidinn

?. [unglossed]

cinnog

adjective. small

_ adj. _small. Q. cinta.

cinnog

?. [unglossed]

emel

noun. mother

emig

noun. "litte mother"

emmel

noun. mother

finn-

noun. a tress

fîn

noun. a tress

gwinig

noun. "litte baby"

hanar

noun. brother

hawn

noun. brother

hawn

noun. brother

honeg

noun. "litte brother"

Given as honig in VT/47:14, but see VT/48:17 n. 13 for discussion

madu

?. [unglossed]

maud

?. [unglossed]

nawb

noun. thumb

neth

noun. sister

neth

noun. girl (in her teens, approaching the adult)

nethig

noun. "litte sister"

First given in the manuscript as netheg in VT/47:14-15, but see especially VT/48:17 n. 13 for discussion

niben

adjective. small, petty

nimp

adjective. small and frail

nîth

noun. sister

nîth

noun. sister

tolch

noun. (?) "litte prominent one"

toleg

noun. (?) "litte prominent one"

aew

small bird

. No distinct pl. form.

agor

narrow

agor (analogical pl. egyr). In archaic S agr.

agor

narrow

(analogical pl. egyr). In archaic S agr.

glâd

small forest

(i ’lâd, construct glad) (wood), pl. glaid (in glaid).

gwador

sworn brother

(i ’wador), pl. gwedyr (in gwedyr). In ”N”, the pl. was gwedeir (LR:394 s.v. TOR)

hanar

brother

1) hanar (i chanar, o chanar), pl. henair (i chenair) (VT47:14). A more archaic term is *haun (spelt ”hawn” in source) (i chaun, o chaun), pl. hoen (i choen), coll. pl. honath.

hanar

brother

(i chanar, o chanar), pl. henair (i chenair) (VT47:14). A more archaic term is ✱haun (spelt ”hawn” in source) (i chaun, o chaun), pl. hoen (i choen), coll. pl. honath.

hûb

small landlocked bay

(i chûb, o chûb, construct hub) (harbour, haven), pl. huib (i chuib).

imlad

narrow valley with steep sides

(glen, deep valley), pl. imlaid.

imrath

narrow valley

(pl. imraith)

lond

narrow path

(harbour, haven, pass, strait), pl. lynd, coll. pl. lonnath (as in the name Lonnath Ernin, WR:294).

mîw

small

(tiny, frail), lenited vîw, no distinct pl. form

naneth

mother

naneth (pl. nenith). Hypocoristic form (”mom”) nana, pl. nenai (but this word is probably rarely pluralized). In a higher style also †emil. No distinct pl. form; coll. pl. emillath. Variant form emel (pl. emil), also spelt emmel (pl. emmil). (VT48:17)

naneth

mother

(pl. nenith). Hypocoristic form (”mom”) nana, pl. nenai (but this word is probably rarely pluralized). In a higher style also †emil. No distinct pl. form; coll. pl. emillath. Variant form emel (pl. emil), also spelt emmel (pl. emmil). (VT48:17)

neth

sister

1) neth (also used = ”girl”). (VT47:14-16, 33; VT48:6), pl. nith. Notice the homophone neth ”young”. Also nîth (no distinct pl. form though the plural article with show pluarlity when the noun is definite: in nîth) (VT47:14). 2) gwathel (i **wathel), pl. gwethil (in gwethil). 3) muinthel (i vuinthel), pl. muinthil (i muinthil), more usual than the shorter form thêl (stem thele-), pl. theli. In “Noldorin”, the pl. was thelei** (LR:392 s.v. THEL).

nimp

small

no distinct pl. form (VT48:18)

pêg

small spot

(i** bêg, construct peg) (dot), pl. pîg (i** phîg) 

tinu

small star

(i** dinu, o thinu; also -din at the end of compounds) (spark), analogical pl. tiny (i** thiny). Archaic tinw, so the coll. pl. is likely  tinwath.