nev

mut

mut. of nef >> Nevrast

Nevrast

noun. hither shore

#nev (#“hither,close”) + #rast (#“shore”) The later form of Nivrost.

Nevrast

'Hither Shore'

topon. 'Hither Shore', the coast on the Middle-earth side of the Great Sea, hence the extreme west-coast of Middle-earth. It became used especially of the coast-land and its immediate hinterland between Dengrist and the Havens, where Turgon first dwelt. The opposite was Haerast. >> Haerast, nev

nevrast

place name. Hither Shore

A region on the coast of Beleriand translated “Hither Shore” (S/119), named in opposition to the shores of Aman called Haerast “Far Shore” (PE17/27). This name is a combination of nef “on this side of” and ras(t) “shore” (PE17/27).

Conceptual Development: In Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s, this name was Ilk. Nivrost “West Vale” (LR/259), designated as Ilkorin in The Etymologies (Ety/NIB, ROS²). In Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s, it changed to Nevrast with its new translation (WJ/179, 197), though in one place Tolkien wrote Nevrost (WJ/318).

nev

near

(adj. pref.) nev- (hither, on this side). Also used as a preposition nef ”on this side of”.

nev

hither

(adj. pref.) nev- (near, on this side). Also used as a preposition nef ”on this side of”.

nev

near

(hither, on this side). Also used as a preposition nef ”on this side of”.

nev

hither

(near, on this side). Also used as a preposition nef ”on this side of”.

dev-

nev-

Q. nev-.

nev-

verb. to seem, appear

nevia-

verb. to localize, bring close, translate (into your own language), translate (into another language when used with the dative case)

nevra-

verb. to face, go forward

nevui

adjective. nearly

uilaw

 adverb. never

S. adverb. Ui "ever" + Law "not", Ever + Not, which is the etymology for "never" in many Indo-European languages.

úlú

adverb. at no time, never

← ú- “no, not” + lû “time, occasion”, cp. Q. illumë *‘allways’.

In a conceptual predecessor of the Sindarin, Gnomish, the language had a feature called negative concord, meaning that two negatives affirm each other rather than cancelling out (similarly to the English “I didn’t do nothing” which denies involvement in a particular situation instead of confirming it). Thus an example sentence for this word could be:

• i·hîr ú·dhar úlú. ‘The river never stops.’

allu

adverb. never

@@@ Discord 2022-09-11

dev-

verb. to try, to try, *experiment, test

nef

preposition. hither, on this (the speaker’s) side of; †beyond [loose translation], hither, on this (the speaker’s) side of; †beyond [loose translation]; *near

-d

suffix. you

2nd du. pron. suff. #you (two). Q. -star.See paradigm PE17:132.

-dh

suffix. you

{ð} 2nd du. pron. suff. #you (two). Q. -star.See paradigm PE17:132.

-dh

suffix. you

{ð} 2nd sg. pron. suff. #you. Q. -tar.See paradigm PE17:132.

-dhir

suffix. you

{ð} 2nd pl. pron. suff. #you. Q. -ltar.See paradigm PE17:132.

chîr

mut

mut. of cîr

de

pronoun. you

na

near

(as preposition, = ”at, by”) na (followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salos reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”

na

near

(followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salo’s reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”

nev-

try

nev- vb. "try" (PE17:167; Tolkien in the source expresses uncertainty as to whether this word should be adopted or not)

nev-

verb. to try, to try, *experiment

nevië

noun. experiment

nev-

verb. to face, turn toward, *confront

allumë

adverb. never

@@@ from a general Discord discussion; úoio is problematic because “not ever” is not the same as “never”

illangiéla

noun. nevertheless, (lit.) all-having-been-bypassed

A neologism for “nevertheless” by Arael posted on 2023-05-08 in the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS), a combination of il- “all” and the past active participle of a verb ✱langa- “to (by)pass” based on langa “thing that crosses”.

úoio

adverb. never

tye

you, thou, thee

tye pron. "you, thou, thee", 2nd person intimate/familar (LR:61, 70, Arct, VT49:36, 55), corresponding to formal/polite lye. According to VT49:51, tye was used as an endearment especially between lovers, and (grand)parents and children also used it to address one another ("to use the adult lye was more stern"). Tyenya "my tye", used = "dear kinsman" (VT49:51). The pronoun tye is derived from kie, sc. an original stem ki with an added -e(VT49:50). Stressed tyé; dual tyet "the two of you" (VT49:51 another note reproduced on the same page however states that tye has no dual form, and VT49:52 likewise states that the 2nd person familiar "never deleloped" dual or plural forms). Compare the reflexive pronoun intyë "yourself". Possibly related to the pronominal stem KE (2nd person sg.), if tye represents earlier *kye.

-ldë

you

-ldë (1) pronominal suffix "you", 2nd person pl. (VT49:51; carildë *"you do", VT49:16). This ending Tolkien revised from -llë in earlier sources (VT49:48, cf. PE17:69).

-llo

you

[-llo (2) "you", dual; abandoned pronominal ending. Also written -illo. (VT49:49)]

-llë

you

-llë (2) abandoned pronominal ending "you", 2nd person pl. (VT49:48); Tolkien later revised this ending to -ldë.

-lyë

you, thou

-l or -lyë (VT49:48, 51), pronominal endings for 2nd person sg. polite/formal "you, thou": caril or carilyë *"you do" (VT49:16), hamil "you judge" (VT42:33), anel "you were" (see ná #1); see -lyë for further examples. These endings may also be added to pronouns (etel/etelyë or mil, milyë; see et, mi). In one source, -l is rather used as a reduced affix denoting plural "you"; see heca! (WJ:364)

-ndë

you

[#-ndë (2) pronominal suffix for dual "you", as in carindë *"you (two) do". Tolkien changed the ending to -stë (VT49:33)]

-ntyë

you

[-ntyë "you", abandonded pronominal ending for 2nd person pl. familiar (VT49:49)]

-stë

you

-stë "you", 2nd person dual pronominal ending (VT49:51, 53), e.g. caristë "the two of you do" (VT49:16). Tolkien first wrote carindë, but changed the ending (VT49:33). The ending -stë is derived from earlier -dde (VT49:46, 51). An archaic ending of similar form could also be the third person dual, "the two of them" (but see -ttë #1).

-tyë

you

-t (3) reduced pronominal affix of the 2. person, "you" (sg.), the long form being -tyë (both endings are listed in VT49:48). See heca regarding the example hecat (WJ:364). However, in a later source, Tolkien denies that -tyë has any short form (VT49:51, 57). The status of the ending -t is therefore doubtful.

-tyë

you, thou

-tyë pronominal ending "you, thou" (VT49:48, 51), 2nd person familiar/intimate: carityë *"you do" (VT49:16; the corresponding formal/polite ending is -l, -lyë, cf. PE17:135 where Tolkien states that hiruvalyë "thou shalt find" from Namárië would be hiruvatyë if the polite pronoun were replaced by the familiar one). Compare the independent pronoun tye. In VT49:51, Tolkien denies that the ending -tyë has any short form (see, however, -t # 3). Cf. natyë "you are"; see ná #1. Compare tye, -tya.

alyë

you

alyë imperative particle with ending -lyë "you"; see a #3.

har

near

har, harë adj.? adv.? "near" (LT1:253)

ilcë

you

ilcë ("k") (2) *"you", emphatic pronoun of the 2nd person pl. familiar, apparently a form abandoned by Tolkien. An alternative form incë was also listed; a query appears between the forms (VT49:48).

incë

you

incë ("k") *"you", emphatic pronoun for 2nd person pl. familiar, apparently a form abandoned by Tolkien. It is listed as an alternative to ilcë in the source, a query appearing between the forms (VT49:48, 49). The word could also be read as intë (VT49:49)

le

you

le, pronominal element "you", (originally) the "reverential 2nd person sing" (RGEO:73, VT49:56). However, singular le was apparently altered to lye (q.v.), and le took on a plural significance (le for pl. "you" is apparently derived from de, the ancient 2nd person pl. stem, VT49:50-51). Stressed lé (VT49:51), dual let "the two of you" (ibid.). At certain points in Tolkiens conception, le was still sg. "thou" rather than pl. "you". It is attested as an ending in the imperative form antalë "give thou" (VT43:17); see anta-. The form ólë in VT43:29 apparently means *"with thee"; according to Tolkiens later system, it would rather mean "with you" (pl.) Compare aselyë "with thee" (sg.) in a later source (see as).

nav-

verb. to try

ric-

try, put forth effort, strive, endeavour

#ric- ("k") (1) vb. "try, put forth effort, strive, endeavour" (PE17:93, 94, 167), imperative á ricë "try!", pl. á ricir "let them try", á rice am(a)ricië "try harder!" (or more idiomatically á carë (sí) ancarië, lit. *"do (now) with more doing!"

simen

hither

simen adv. "hither" (VT49:33), símen "here" (FS; cf. sinomë in EO). Compare tamen.

simen

adverb. hither

sir

hither

sir (2), also sira, adv. "hither" (primitive ¤sida, ¤sidā) (VT49:18)

sir(a)

adverb. hither

nimba-

verb. to face, go forward

riquë

noun. experiment

séya-

verb. to seem

sidā̆

adverb. hither

de

pronoun. you