qenya

noun. Elvish

qenya

adjective. *our; 1st pl. exclusive possessive emphatic

qenyaqetsa

proper name. *of Qenya-language

qenyarin

noun. *Elvish

menya

adjective. *our; 1st pl. exclusive possessive emphatic

aksa

noun. waterfall

A word for “waterfall” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, derived from the root ᴱ√ASAKA (QL/29). It also appeared in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon as a cognate of G. acha of the same meaning (GL/17).

aule

adjective. shaggy

An adjective in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “shaggy” derived from the early root ᴱ√OWO that was the basis of “wool” words (QL/71).

elwen

noun. heart

A word appearing as ᴱQ. Elben “heart” in the Name-list to the Fall of Gondolin of the 1910s (LT2/202; PE15/23), but as ᴱQ. Elwen “heart” in the contemporaneous Qenya Lexicon under the early root ᴱ√LEFE (QL/35, 52). These words were connected to the character G. Elfrith who vanished from later versions of the Legendarium.

enga

noun. mead

A noun in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “mead” in the sense “✱meadow”, a derivative of ᴱ√EŊE (QL/36).

fion

noun. son

A word glossed {“nephew” >>} “son” in an isolated entry of the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with stem form fiond- (QL/37). The same word appeared unglossed under the early root ᴱ√SUẈU where it was derived from primitive ᴱ✶þẉ-iı̯on-d (QL/87).

hilu

noun. son

A word for “son” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with variants hilu and hilmo under the early root ᴱ√HILI (QL/40), both variants also appearing in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/40).

ilma

noun. air

A word for “air” in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s (PE16/142), probably based on the early root ᴱ√ILU “ether”. Later ᴹQ. Ilma was used for “Starlight” (Ety/GIL; LR/205).

ion

noun. son

In the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, ᴱQ. Ion was the “mystic name of God, 2nd Person of Blessed Trinity”, that is the “Son” in the “Father, Son, Holy Ghost” trinity (QL/43). In that document yon or yond- was given in a couple of places as (archaic?) words for “son” (QL/43, 106). In Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s, Tolkien gave ion as the equivalent of ᴱN. gó “son”, along with a plural form yondi (PE13/113). However, in the English-Qenya Dictionary Tolkien said yondi was an irregular plural form of ᴱQ. yondo “son” (PE15/77), and this is the form he typically used in later writings.

mána

adjective. dead

An adjective for “dead” in the Early Qenya Grammar of the 1920s based on the verb ᴱQ. maka- “die” (PE14/58).

narka

adjective. dead

An adjective for “dead” implied by the stative formation narkea “is dead” in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s (PE16/140), perhaps connected to some precursor of √NDAK “slay”.

pint

noun. tail

A noun appearing as ᴱQ. pint (pimp-) “tail” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√PIPI “hang, trail” (QL/74).

Neo-Quenya: Helge Fauskanger adopted this word as ᴺQ. pimpë “tail” in his NQNT (NQNT), and I agree with this adaptation, since in later Quenya it was less likely final vowels were lost in disyllables. I would assume a stem form of pimpi- however.

qelqa

noun. throat

The word ᴱQ. qerka appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s as the cognate of G. cwerc “throat” (GL/28). ᴱQ. qerka “throat” appeared again in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s (PE16/136), but in a list of body parts from this same period it was ᴱQ. qelqa “throat” (PE14/117). There are no signs of these words in Tolkien’s later writings.

sár(e)a

adjective. fiery

An adjective in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “fiery” with variants sāra and sārea (the second added later) derived from the early root ᴱ√SAH(Y)A “be hot” (QL/81).

súlime

noun. wind

A noun for “wind” in Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√SUHYU “air, breath, exhale, puff” and connected to the name ᴱQ. Súlimo (QL/86). Later on, Q. Súlimë was used as the name of March (LotR/1110), whereas Q. Súlimo became “Breather” (PE21/85), a combination of Q. súlë (†þúlë) “breath” + Q. mo “person”.

tampo

noun. well

A noun in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s given as ᴱQ. tampo “a well”, derived from the root ᴱ√TṂPṂ “build”; Tolkien considered transferring the word to ᴱ√TAPA “✱stretch” (QL/93). This word also appeared in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/93).

Neo-Quenya: I think ᴺQ. tampo “well” might be salvaged in Neo-Quenya as a derivative of √TAM “construct”; it is used this way in Helge Fauskanger’s NQNT (NQNT).

telda

adjective. having a roof

A word for “having a roof” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, an adjectival form of ᴱQ. tel (teld-) “roof” under the early root ᴱ√TELE (QL/90).

tolome

noun. island

A noun in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “island”, a more elaborate form of ᴱQ. tol of similar meaning (QL/94). It also appeared as tolome “island” in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/94).

turwa

adjective. powerful

An adjective for “powerful” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√TURU “am strong” (QL/96).

Neo-Quenya: Since √TUR remains connected to power in Tolkien’s later writings, I’d retain this word for purposes of Neo-Quenya, but I’d use it for general or abstract forms of potency, as opposed to being physically powerful (turca or [ᴹQ.] poldórea) or politically powerful (túrëa). For example: turwa nus “a powerful smell” or turwa vangwe “a powerful storm”.

warda

adjective. dead

An adjective for “dead” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√GWṚÐṚ “die” (QL/104), given as a cognate to G. gwarth “dead (only of persons)” in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon (GL/44).

wilin

noun. bird

A noun in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “bird”, derived from the early root ᴱ√GWILI that was the basis for words having to do with flight (QL/104).

aire

adjective. old

aiwe

noun. bird

ambos

noun. breast

ausi-

prefix. well

elben

noun. heart

fairie

noun. freedom

finde

noun. cunning

finie

noun. cunning

fólima

adjective. secretive

hilmo

noun. son

histe

noun/adjective. dusk

hon

noun. heart

honde

noun. heart

hondo

noun. heart

húro

noun. storm

kalumet

noun. lamp

kanuva

adjective. leaden

kar

noun. head

kulu

noun. gold

kulukalmalínen

with golden lights

The eighth phrase of the first version of the Oilima Markirya poem (MC/220). It is a compound word, a combination of kulu “gold” and the instrumental plural form of kalma “light”.

Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:

> kulu-kalma-lí-nen = “✱gold-light-(plural)-with”

Conceptual Development: This phrase appeared in the second draft of the poem, and aside from the variant Finnish-like spellings of the fifth draft (OM1e: PE16/72), it remained the same thereafter.

laiwa

adjective. pale

londa

noun. heart

lossa

adjective. white

lótefalmarínen

with waves crowned with flowers

The sixth phrase of the first version of the Oilima Markirya poem (MC/220). It is a compound word, a combination of lóte “flower”, and the instrumental plural form falmarínen of the noun falmar “wave”. In the English translation “with waves crowned with flowers”, the word “crowned” is a poetic addition. A better translation might be “with foamcrests like flowers” (PE16/62).

Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:

> lóte-falmar-í-nen = “✱flower-wave-(plural)-with”

Conceptual Development: This phrase appeared in the second draft of the poem (OM1b: PE16/57-8), where Tolkien wrote i falmain lótanéro >> falmain lótanéren, using the nominative plural of the related noun falma “foam” and the feminine plural of the verb lóto- “to bloom”, perhaps “✱foam was blooming”. He revised it to lótefalmarínen in the third draft (OM1c: PE16/60) and aside from the variant Finnish-like spellings of the fifth draft (OM1e: PE16/72), it remained the same thereafter.

mailina

adjective. beautiful

mande

adverb. well

maske

noun. dusk

minwa

adjective. small

miqe

noun. kiss

ne

conjunction. that

nele

noun. tooth

ninqe

adjective. white

no

preposition. under

nu

preposition. under

nyat

noun. tooth

níva

adjective. pale

oi(we)

noun. bird

oilima

adjective. last

oive

noun. bird

ole

cardinal. three

orda

adjective. lofty

orwa

adjective. lofty

oswe

noun. hip

pinilya

adjective. small

pondo

noun. gate

pínea

adjective. small

qalna

adjective. dead

qerka

noun. throat

qívie

noun. awakening

rau

noun. lion

sana

noun. day (24 hours)

sanda

adjective. that

santo

pronoun. that

sarma

noun. saw

silda

adjective. gleaming

sor(ne)

noun. eagle

soron

noun. eagle

sá

noun. fire

tahóra

adjective. lofty

tala

noun. sail

tan(y)a

noun. fire

An element meaning “fire” in some early names: tanya in ᴱQ. Tanyasalpe (LT1/187), tana in ᴱQ. Tana Qentima equivalent of G. Tôn a Gwedrin “Tale-fire” (PE15/7; LT2/197), and possibly also in ᴱQ. Fatanyu “Hell” (GL/51). Tan(y)a is likely a derivative of the early root ᴱ√tan- (GL/69, 71).

tande

adverb. thither

tanya

adjective. that

taurelasselindon

like leaves of forests

The fourteenth phrase of the Oilima Markirya poem (second version) (MC/213), and the tenth phrase of the first version of the Oilima Markirya poem (MC/220). It is a compound word, a combination of taure “forest” and the adverbial plural form of lasse “leaf”.

Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:

> taure-lasse-li-ndon = “✱forest-leaf-(plural)-like”

Conceptual Development: This phrase first appeared in the fourth draft of the first version of this poem (OM1d: PE16/62) and remained the same thereafter.

tekka

noun. book

tekte

noun. book

telempe

noun. silver

telqe

noun. silver

tilwindea

adjective. shining

tilwínea

adjective. shining

tolle

noun. island

tuilére

noun. Spring

tyakta-

verb. hew

tyulma

noun. mast

tyulme

noun. mast

túma

adjective. moving

ulmula

adjective. mumbling

ulqa

adjective. evil

uru

noun. fire

valkane

adjective. vague

valma

adjective. powerful

vande

adverb. well

vanwe

noun. wind

vea

noun. sea

velu

noun. sail

velunte

noun. sail

vondo

noun. son

vá

noun. wind

vô

noun. son

welme

noun. spring

welwe

noun. spring

wende

noun. maiden

wilwarin

noun. butterfly

wá

noun. wind

yelwa

adjective. cold

yon

noun. son

yó

noun. son