falas

place name. Western Shore, (lit.) Coast

Region on the coast of Beleriand (S/58). This name is simply the word falas “shore, coast” used as a name (SA/falas). This name sometimes appears with the definite article: i Falas “The Coast” (VT42/15, Ety/PHAL). It sometimes was translated “Western Shore/Coast” (LR/128, Ety/PHAL), but the word for “west” did not appear in its Sindarin name.

Conceptual Development: This name first appeared as N. Falas in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (SM/121, LR/128), and in The Etymologies already had the derivation given above (Ety/PHAL).

falas

noun. beach, shore, strand, surf(line)

A well-established word for “beach” or “shore”, derived from the root √PHAL “foam, splash” (PE17/62, 73).

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s this word appeared as G. falos “sea-marge, surf, coast, line; margin, fringe, edge” (GL/33), but it was G. falas “beach” in the contemporaneous Name-list to The Fall of Gondolin (PE15/24) as well as in names from this period such as G. Falas-a-’Wilb “Beach of Peace” and G. Falathron = “Ossë”. It appeared as N. falas “beach, shore” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the extended form ᴹ√PHÁLAS of the root ᴹ√PHAL “foam” (Ety/PHAL). Similar derivations appeared in Tolkien’s later writings well (PE17/62, 73).

falas

beach

1b n. beach, strand. >> Anfalas

falas

surfline

1a n. surfline, seashore. Q. falasse.

falas

noun. beach, wave-beaten shore, line of surf

falas

noun. the western coast of Beleriand

forfalas

place name. North Falas

A name for the northern part of Falas on the later Silmarillion map revisions from the 1950s-60s (WJ/186), a combination of the prefixal form for- of forn “north” and falas “shore”.

harfalas

place name. South Falas

A name for the southern part of Falas on the later Silmarillion map revisions from the 1950s-60s (WJ/187), a combination of the prefixal form har- of harn “south” and falas “shore”.

Conceptual Development: The name N. Harfalas also appeared in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (TI/124).

anfalas

place name. Langstrand, (lit.) Long Beach

A coastal region in Gondor translated “Langstrand” (LotR/770), a compound of and “long” and falas “beach” (SA/an(d), falas), and thus literally meaning “Long Beach” (VT42/15).

Conceptual Development: This region was named as N. Anfalas “Langstrand” in the drafts of the Lord of the Rings as well (TI/310, WR/287).

tol falas

place name. *Island of the Shore

An island at the mouth of the Anduin appearing on the maps of The Lord of the Rings (LotR/1185), a combination of tol(l) “island” and falas “shore”.

Conceptual Development: This island also appeared in draft maps for the Lord of the Rings (TI/298), but not appear in the main text.

thenfalas

place name. Short Beach

A name translated “short beach” in contrast to Anfalas “long beach” (VT42/15), a combination of thent “short” and falas “beach”.

falas

Falas

The word falas means "surfline, sea-shore" in Sindarin, deriving from the root PHAL ("foam").

falas

beach

1) falas (pl. felais) (shore, coast, strand, line of surf, foaming shore; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). (VT42:15) 2) faur (shore), pl. foer, coll. pl. forath (VT46:15)

falas

line of surf

falas (pl. felais) (beach, shore, coast, strand, foaming shore; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). (VT42:15)

falas

coast

falas (pl. felais) (beach, shore, strand, line of surf, foaming shore; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). (VT42:15)

falas

foaming shore

falas (pl. felais) (beach, coast, strand, line of surf; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). (VT42:15)

falas

shore, foaming shore

falas (pl. felais) (beach, coast, strand, line of surf; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand) (VT42:15). Adj. OF THE SHORE (or "of the Falas", the western seaboard of Beleriand) falathren (pl. felethrin)

falas

strand

falas (pl. felais) (beach, shore, coast, line of surf, foaming shore; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). (VT42:15)

falas

surf, line of

falas (pl. felais) (beach, shore, coast, strand, foaming shore; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). (VT42:15)

falas

shore, foaming shore

(pl. felais) (beach, coast, strand, line of surf; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand) (VT42:15). Adj.

falas

beach

(pl. felais) (shore, coast, strand, line of surf, foaming shore; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). (VT42:15)

falas

surf, line of

(pl. felais) (beach, shore, coast, strand, foaming shore; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). (VT42:15)

falas

line of surf

(pl. felais) (beach, shore, coast, strand, foaming shore; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). *(VT42:15)*****

falas

coast

(pl. felais) (beach, shore, strand, line of surf, foaming shore; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). (VT42:15)

falas

foaming shore

(pl. felais) (beach, coast, strand, line of surf; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). (VT42:15)

falas

strand

(pl. felais) (beach, shore, coast, line of surf, foaming shore; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). (VT42:15)

falathrim

collective name. Elves of the Falas, Wave-folk

The Elves of the coast of Beleriand (S/58, PM/386), a combination of falas “shore” and the class-plural suffix -rim (SA/falas), undergoing the phonetic change: [[s|medial [s] became [θ] before [l], [r]]] .

falathrim

noun. people of the Falas

falathrim

falas

: PEOPLE OF THE FALAS (the western seaboard of Beleriand) Falathrim (WJ:378, PM:386)

falathrim

people of the falas

(WJ:378, PM:386)

Lossoth

noun. the Snowmen

anfangrim

noun. the Longbeards (a tribe of Dwarves)

anglennatha

verb. (he) will approach

avo

verb. don't!

Used as a negative adverb before an imperative: avo garo "don't do it!". Sometimes used as prefix: avgaro

avon

verb. I won't

cuio

verb. live!

dagorath

noun. all the battles

drúwaith

noun. the wilderness of the Drû-men (q.v.)

falathren

noun/adjective. of the shore

falathren

noun/adjective. Shore-language (one of the names for Common Speech)

galadhad

noun. the Two Trees of Valinor

lammas

noun. account of tongues

lâf

verb. (he) licks

lîr

noun. line, line, [N.] row

lôd

verb. (he) floats

noro

verb. run! ride!

Untranslated in LotR, but written nora-lim and rendered as "ride on" in RS/196 (not a literal translation) and later translated as "run swift" in RC/195. A verb nor- is attested in the old Gnomish lexicon, PE/11:61, with the meaning "to run, roll"

pêd

verb. (he) says

rammas

noun. (great) wall

rochirrim

noun. horse-lords, the people of Rohan

tôl

verb. (he) comes

According to WJ/301, the expression tôl acharn "vengeance comes" was later changed to tûl acharn by Tolkien

ónen

noun. I gave

Written onen in some editions of LotR. In the Qenyaqetsa, Qenya anta- is marked as having an irregular past tense áne. Assuming the same sound-shifts as observed in other words, this would indeed lead to onen in Sindarin, see PE/12:31 and TT/14:48-49

falathren

of the shore

(pl. felethrin)

faur

shore

(beach), pl. foer, coll. pl. forath (VT46:15)

faur

beach

(shore), pl. foer, coll. pl. forath (VT46:15)

habad

shore

(i chabad, o chabad), pl. hebaid (i chebaid). Archaic pl. hebeid (LR:386).

lîr

line

1) lîr (row), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. líriath. 2) tê (i dê, o thê) (way), pl. tî (i thî), coll. pl. ?teath, 3) tî (i dî, o thî) (row), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thî), coll. pl. tíath.

lîr

line

(row), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. líriath.

nothlir

family line

(family tree); no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. nothliriath.

rhast

shore

(?i thrast or ?i rast – the lenition product of rh is uncertain), pl. rhaist (?idh raist).

taeg

boundary line

(i daeg, o thaeg) (limit, boundary), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thaeg).

tilias

line of peaks

(i** dilias, o thilias), pl. tiliais (i** thiliais), coll. pl. tiliassath.

tê

line

(i dê, o thê) (way), pl. tî (i thî), coll. pl. ?teath

tî

line

(i** dî, o thî) (row), no distinct pl. form except with article (i** thî), coll. pl. tíath.

falas

shore, beach

falas (falass-), falassë noun "shore, beach" (LT1:253, LT2:339); falassë "shore, line of surf" (SA:falas), "shore especially one exposed to great waves and breakers" (VT42:15), "beach" (PHAL/PHÁLAS); Falassë Númëa place-name "Western Surf" (LT1:253), Andafalassë "Langstrand" (PE17:135)

andafalassë

place name. Langstrand

The Quenya form of the name S. Anfalas “Langstrand” (PE17/135). It is a compound of anda “long” and falassë “shore”.

ailinë

shore, beach

#ailinë (nominative uncertain) noun "shore, beach" (in Tolkien's later Quenya rather hresta). Only attested in inflected forms: sg. ablative ailinello "shore-from" (MC:213), sg. locative ailinisse "on shore" (MC:221), pl. locative ailissen "on beaches" (for *ailinissen?) (MC:221)

fára

beach, shore

fára noun "beach, shore" (VT46:15)

hresta

shore, beach

hresta noun "shore, beach", ablative hrestallo *"from (the) shore" in Markirya

hresta

noun. beach, shore

A word for “shore” (MC/221) or “beach” (MC/222) in the Markirya poem from the 1960s. Its etymology is unclear, but it might be related to S. ras(t) “cape, shore”.

Conceptual Development: In the earlier version of ᴱQ. Oilima Markirya from around 1930s, Tolkien used the word ᴱQ. ailin instead.

solor

surf

solor noun "surf" (SOL); solor, solossë noun "surf, surge" (LT1:266)

solossë

surf, surge

solossë noun "surf, surge" (LT1:266); also solor

falas

place name. Western Shore, (lit.) Coast

falas

noun. beach, shore

falas

noun. beach, wave-beaten shore, line of surf

falas

noun. the western coast of Beleriand

anfalas

place name. Langstrand

blâb

verb. (he) flaps, beats

The Etymologies seem to list this word as a noun, but it is clearly the third person singular of the verb

esgar

noun. shore

falathren

noun/adjective. of the shore

falathren

noun/adjective. Shore-language (one of the names for Common Speech)

faur

noun. beach, shore

faur

noun. beach, shore

A word for “beach, shore” in The Etymologies of the 1930s from the root ᴹ√SPAR “strew, spread, ?scatter” (EtyAC/SPAR²). The status of this word is uncertain, as its root conflicts with ᴹ√SPAR “hunt, pursue” and other beach words appeared under ᴹ√PHAL “foam”. Derivatives of the latter root are probably to be preferred.

lhammas

noun. account of tongues

lhâf

verb. (he) licks

lhôd

verb. (he) floats

orthor

verb. (he) masters, conquers

osgar

verb. (he) cuts, amputates

síla

verb. (he) shines white

sôg

verb. (he) drinks

thia

verb. it appears

tê

noun. line, way

tî

noun. line, row

tôg

verb. (he) leads, brings

tôl

verb. (he) comes

According to WJ/301, the expression tôl acharn "vengeance comes" was later changed to tûl acharn by Tolkien

sakal Reconstructed

noun. shore

This word is attested only in Sakalthôr, whose Quenya name is Falassion (UT/223). The first element of the Quenya name seems to be falassë “shore”, so the first element of his Adûnaic name probably has the same meaning, as suggested by several authors (AAD/22, AL/Adûnaic, EotAL/SAK’L).

teg

root. line

Tolkien used a number of similar roots as the basis for “line” words throughout his life. The earliest of these appeared in the Qenya Lexicon as ᴱ√TEHE [teχe] “pull” (gloss marked with a “?” by Tolkien) with derivatives like ᴱQ. tea “straight”, ᴱQ. telya “attractive; importunate”, and ᴱQ. tie “line, direction, route, road” (QL/90), the last of these surviving more or less unchanged all the way into the published version of The Lord of the Rings (LotR/377). The early root ᴱ√TEHE also had derivatives in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon such as G. tê “mark, line; track; path”, G. tî or tion “straight”, and G. tîr “honest; esteem, regard, honour”, originally “straight, upright” (GL/69, 71). Primitive ᴱ✶tegna > ᴱQ. tína/ᴱN. tain “straight” from Early Noldorin Word-lists from the 1920s may represent a shift in the form of the root to ✱ᴱ√TEGE (PE13/153, 165).

In The Etymologies of the 1930s the root appeared as {ᴹ√TEƷ >>} ᴹ√TEÑ “line, direction” with derivatives like ᴹQ. tie/N. tê “line, way” and ᴹQ. téra/N. tîr “straight, right” (Ety/TEƷ, TEÑ). In the Outline of Phonology Tolkien gave √TEG “line”, whereas √TEÑ was given as the basis for Q. tenna “a thought, notion, idea” and thus clearly with a different meaning; see the entry √TEÑ for further discussion. In any case it is clear that Tolkien considered various ancient velar consonants for the second consonant of this root, all ultimately vanishing in the child languages with similar vocalic effects: 1910s teχ-, 1920s teg-, 1930s {teʒ- >>} teñ- and 1950s teg-.