anta-
verb. to give, present; †to add to
silumë
adverb. now, (lit.) at this time, now, at this time, *present
A word for “now, at this time (only referred to the present of the time of speech)” appearing in a list of demonstratives from 1968 (VT49/18), a combination of si “this” and lúmë “time”. Similarly formed ᴹQ. sillume “at that date/time” appeared in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948 (PE23/110).
Neo-Quenya: The gloss “present” was suggested in ABNW (ABNW) from the early 2000s.
anna
noun. gift, (orig.) thing handed, brought or sent to a person, gift, (orig.) thing handed, brought or sent to a person, *present
A word for “gift”, also the name of tengwa #23 [h] (LotR/1123), derived from the root √ANA “motion to” and more precisely meaning “a thing handed, brought or sent to a person” (PE17/91).
Conceptual Development: The earliest iteration of this word was ᴱQ. an (and-) “gift” in the Qenya Lexicon under the early root ᴱ√ANA (QL/31). In the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon Tolkien gave ᴱQ. anō as the equivalent of G. ôn “gift” (GL/62). The Etymologies of the 1930s had ᴹQ. anna “gift” under the root ᴹ√ANA “to, towards” (Ety/ANA¹). The word anna “gift” appeared among tengwar names in notes on The Feanorian Alphabet from the 1930s and 1940s, though in the former it was for double nn [5P] (PE22/23) and in the later was the name of a variant short vowel carrier [ゼ] not appearing in Tolkien’s later writing, and in any case the paragraph with this name was deleted (PE22/52 note #193).
In Late Notes on Verb Structure (LVS) from 1969 Tolkien had both anna “gift” and anwa “gift” (PE22/163), the latter perhaps derived from ✱(h)an-mā. Tolkien indicated that this version of the noun influenced by {√ƷAN >>} √HAN “enhance, enrich, add to”.
Use as a Tengwar Name: The application of anna as the name for tengwa #23 is quite mysterious. In Quenya this tengwa was originally used to represent a voiced velar spirant ʒ < g, and after that sound was lost was used only to represent consonantal y by adding a palatal marker [hÍ]. Since anna has nothing to do with either sound, my best guess is that the name anna comes from some “full mode” where tengwar #23 represents the vowel a, except that in most full modes it represents the vowel o.
Alternately, it may be that at some point Tolkien imagined the noun anna as being derived from ʒannā; see the [rejected] root √ƷAN in its 1969 etymology noted above. In the 1930s this tengwa was named Osse either as a vowel sign for o or as a derivation of ᴹ√GOS (PE22/22), and in the 1940s it was named {’anne >>} ’enne “thought, purpose” where the ’ indicates lost ʒ (PE22/51 and note #190).
-ëa
suffix. continuative present
sinan
adverb. at present
tensi
adverb. already, still, up to now/here; yet [from present]
silussë
noun. present tense, (lit.) here-and-now-tense
sinanwa
adjective. present, in a particular place, existing or occurring now
atanta-
verb. to give back
nananta-
verb. to give back, *return [something]
A neologism for “return” = “give back” coined by Helge Fauskanger for his NQNT (NQNT) as a combination of nan- “back” and anta- “give”. He also used [ᴺQ.] atanta- for “give back”, but I think this is less appropriate since at(a)- more properly means “a second time”. I think the verb nantul- “return = give back” can coexist nantul- “return = come back”, since the actual meanings are not the same.
estat-
verb. to distribute in even portions, to distribute (in even portions), *partition
A verb appearing in notes associated with Quenya Fractions from the late 1960s, appearing as etsat or estat “distribute in even portions” based on the root √SAT “divide, apportion” (VT48/11). Likely it was originally et “out” + sat- “apportion”, with estat- being an alternate form produced by metathesis.
etsat-
verb. distribute in even portions
etsat- vb. "distribute in even portions" (apparently et- "out" + the base sat "divide, apportion"). Not cited with a final hyphen in the source (VT48:11), but some ending would obviously be required in Quenya; the verb should probably be treated as a consonant stem (primary verb). Alternative form estat-, but as pointed out in VT48:12, the transposition ts > st is not regular in Quenya.
etsat-
verb. to distribute in even portions
farya-
verb. suffice
farya- vb. "suffice", pa.t. farnë (PHAR). An additional pa.t. form, farinyë, was published in VT46:9; this is a most unusual formation.
maita-
verb. feed
feed
masta-
verb. feed up
feed up, fatten
paitya-
verb. repay, requite
paitya- vb. "repay, requite" (QL:72)
sat-
verb. set aside, appropriate to a special purpose or owner
#sat- vb. "set aside, appropriate to a special purpose or owner" (VT42:20). Cited in the form "sati-"; the final -i may be simply the connecting vowel of the aorist (as in *satin "I set aside"). This verb "was in Quenya applied to time as well as space" (VT42:20)
sat-
verb. to set aside, appropriate to a special purpose or owner
A verb appearing in notes on The Rivers and Beacon-hills of Gondor from the late 1960s based on √SAT “divide, mark off” (VT42/19-20).
cam-
verb. to fit, suit, be agreeable
A neologism for “fit, suit, be agreeable” coined by Luinyelle posted on 2024-10-06 in the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS), based on the root √KAM of the same meaning.
eccumya-
verb. to exhaust, deplete, (lit.) empty out
epta-
verb. to offer, place at somebody’s disposal, (lit.) to [make be in] front
matya-
verb. to feed
A neologism for “to feed” coin by Damien Bador as a straightforward derivative of the attested primitive verb ✶matyā- of the same meaning (PE22/135). I would distinguish it from ᴺQ. nesta- “to graze, pasture, (give to) feed” used for feeding farm animals, whereas matya- can be used for feeding anyone.
narasta-
verb. to pasture, *graze, give to feed
paitya-
verb. to repay, requite
ralya-
verb. to return (something)
sor-
verb. to provide, equip, furnish
A neologism coined by Röandil on the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS) in 2023-08-20, based on [ᴹQ.] sorasta “equipment”.
tyet-
verb. to suckle, nurse
A neologism for “to suckle, nurse” coined by Helge Fauskanger for his NQNT (NQNT), based on the early root ᴱ√TYETE “give suck”.
var-
verb. to yield, give way, surrender
@@@ from Discord 2022-03-05
vas-
verb. to consume
A neologism coined by Luinyelle posted on 2024-08-17 in the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS), a basic verb (past tense vatte) inspired by the name Vása “Consumer”, presumably from a verbal root ✱√BATH.
yutya-
verb. to lend, loan
A neologism for “lend, loan” coined by Helge Fauskanger for his NQNT (NQNT), perhaps derived from YUK-yā as suggested by Shihali.
The verb anta- was the basic Quenya word for “give” for much of Tolkien’s life, usually associated with the root √AN “towards”. ᴱQ. anta- “gives” first appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√ANA “give, send towards” (QL/31). In The Etymologies of the 1930s ᴹQ. anta- “give” was derived from the root ᴹ√ANA “to, towards” and its primitive form ᴹ✶anta- was glossed “to present, give” (Ety/ANA¹). In this same document Tolkien considered deriving anta- from ᴹ√YAN “give” instead (EtyAC/YAN²).
In Quenya Notes (QN) from 1957 anta- was again derived from √ANA/NĀ, but in that note the root and the verb had the extra (archaic?) sense “add to” in connection with the use of an- as the Quenya intensive prefix (PE17/146). In notes from around 1967 Tolkien said it was a blend of ✶an-tā “✱make go towards” and ✶am-tā “enlarge, increase” from √AMA; in this document am- was the intensive prefix (PE17/91). Tolkien seems to have gone back to an-intensives by 1969 (c.f. anírime “most beautiful”, PE23/133) and in Late Notes on Verbs (LVS) from 1969 anta- was again based on ✶antā- “cause a thing/person to go to an object, send”, but develop its sense “give” due the influence of √HAN “enhance, enrich, add to”.
In both the 1967 and 1969 notes, Tolkien indicated the object of the verb anta- could either be the thing given or the recipient. If the object was the thing given, the recipient was in the dative: antanen parma sen “I gave a book to him”. If the object was the recipient, the thing given was in the instrumental: antanenyes parmanen “I presented him with a book”. In other notes from the late 1960s Tolkien said that anta-:
> ... was also often used with an “ironic tone” to refer to missiles, so that the sentence antanen hatal sena “I cast a spear at him” might also [more literally] mean “I gave him a spear (as a present)” (VT49/14).
Tolkien often used the verb anta- as an example for verb inflections and the use of the direct and/or indirect objects, particularly in the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) of 1948 and the Early Qenya Grammar (EQG) of the 1920s, though the exact formations varied as Tolkien’s ideas of his languages evolved. Tolkien usually gave anta- a weak past tense antane “gave” (PE17/91; VT49/14), but also gave it an archaic strong past tense †áne which was the basis for its Sindarin past form S. ôn “gave” (PE17/147).