Quenya 

noun. sound of wind, sound of wind, [ᴱQ.] noise of wind

An ancient monosyllabic noun for the “sound of wind” appearing in notes from the late 1960s, which survived unchanged from its primitive form into modern Quenya (VT47/12, 35). It was derived from the root √ of similar meaning.

Conceptual Development: ᴱQ. appeared all the way back in Qenya Lexicon and Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa of the 1910s with the glosses “noise of wind” or “(noise) of wind”, but there it was derived from the early root ᴱ√SUHYU “air, breath, exhale, puff” (QL/86; PME/86). There was no mention of Q. in the intervening five decades, however.

Quenya [VT47/12; VT47/35] Group: Eldamo. Published by

sound of wind

noun "sound of wind" (VT47:12), "noise of wind" (LT1:266, "Qenya" spelling )

Súlimo

súlimo

Súlimo (þ) surname of Manwë (wind-god) (THŪ, SA:sûl). Compare súlë and perhaps .

Súro

súro

Súro (þ) masc. name, alternative form of Sauro(n)(THUS)

súlimarya

súlimarya

súlimarya ??? (Narqelion)

súyer

súyer

súyer ??? (Narqelion)

súlimo

masculine name. Lord of the Breath of Arda, (lit.) Breather

A title of Manwë as the Vala of Winds, glossed “Lord of the Breath of Arda” in The Silmarillion (S/26) and translated “Breather” in linguistic notes from the 1950s (PE21/85). This name is a compound of súlë (þúle) “spirit; breath”, and the agental suffix -mo, but was also influenced by ✶sūli “wind” (NM/237).

Conceptual Development: This name dates back to the earliest Lost Tales (LT1/52), and ᴱQ. Súlimo appeared in the Qenya Lexicon from the 1910s as a personalized form of ᴱQ. súlime “wind” (QL/86, LT1A/Súlimo). In The Etymologies from the 1930s, Tolkien gave a new etymology of ᴹQ. Súlimo, deriving it from ᴹQ. súle “breath” (Ety/THŪ).

Tolkien continued to use similar derivations in his later writings, where Q. Súlimo appeared as a derivative of the related roots √THŪ or √, as a blending of more archaic Thūrimo and Sūlimo (PE17/124; NM/237). See the entry on Q. súlë for a discussion of the relation between “breath” and “spirit” in Elvish thought.

Quenya [MRI/Súlimo; NM/237; PE17/124; PE21/85; S/026; SA/sûl; SI/Súlimo] Group: Eldamo. Published by

súrion

masculine name. *Wind-son

Tar-Súrion was the 9th ruler of Númenor (LotR/1038). His name seems to be a compound of súrë “wind” and the suffix -ion “-son”.

Quenya [LotRI/Tar-Súrion; UTI/Súrion; UTI/Tar-Súrion] Group: Eldamo. Published by

súlë

noun. breath; (movement of) spirit, emission of power (of will or desire)

A word for “spirit” appearing in The Lord of the Rings appendices, where it was given as the name of tengwa #9 [“s” from older “th”] (LotR/1123). It also meant “breath” (PE17/124) and was originally derived from the primitive root √THŪ “puff, blow” (NM/237; PE17/124; Ety/THŪ). In this respect, súlë resembled the Ancient Greek word πνεῦμα (“pneuma”), which also originally meant “breath” but came to be used for the spirit or soul.

The meaning of the Quenya word was not quite the same, however. It was not used for a “soul” (which was fëa) or a disembodied spirit (which was fairë). Tolkien said:

> Eldar did not confound ordinary “breath” of the lungs with “spirit” ... the Eldar held that “spirits”, the more as they had native power, could emit their influence to make contact with or act upon things exterior to themselves: primarily on upon other spirits, or other incarnate persons (via the fëar), but also in the case of great spirits (such as the Valar or greater Maiar) directly upon physical things without the mediacy of bodies normally necessary in the case of fairondi or incarnates. To describe this, they used (but by deliberate symbolism taken e.g. from such cases as their breathing upon a cold or frosted surface, which was then melted) the √THŪ [“breath”] ... Hence [primitive Eldarin] thū́lē “blowing forth” was used = “spirit” in this special sense: the emission of power (of will or desire) from a spirit (PE17/124).

Thus súlë was used metaphorically as “spirit” in the sense of the movement of a spirit’s power or will upon the world, alongside its more ordinary meaning as “breath”.

Conceptual Development: This word first appeared in The Etymologies from the 1930s, already with the meaning and etymology given above (Ety/THŪ). Its appearance in compounds like Súlimë “March” (LotR/1110) and Súlimo “Breather” (S/26, PE21/85) imply a stem form of súli-, but in one place it was given a primitive form ✶thū́lē, which implies a stem form of súle-. The prefixal form súli- was due to blending with primitive ✶sūli, the basis of S. sûl “wind” (NM/237).

There are cases where, especially in his earlier writing, Tolkien used súle for “spirit” in a more traditional sense, as in the phrase ksaráre psare súle “longing frets the spirit” (PE22/119). Thus it may be that Tolkien originally conceived of a semantic evolution for súle closer to Greek πνεῦμα, before differentiating it more clearly as described above.

Quenya [LotR/1123; NM/237; NM/239; PE17/124] Group: Eldamo. Published by

súriquessë

noun. species of grass, (lit.) wind feather

The name of grass-like plant, a label of one of Tolkien’s drawings in the book J.R.R. Tolkien: Artist and Illustrator (TAI/197), like a combination of súrë (súri-) “wind” and quessë “feather”.

súrë

noun. wind, breeze

The most common word for “wind” in Quenya, appearing in both the Namárië (LotR/377) and Markirya (MC/222) poems. In one place it was glossed “breeze” (PE17/62) so it seems to cover a wide variety of winds. It was derived from primitive ✶sūri (NM/237), a variant of ✶sūli (VT47/35) from which S. sûl “wind” was derived, all based on the root √ “blow, move with audible sound (of air)” which was primarily applied to the wind (NM/237).

Neo-Quenya: A likely precursor is ᴱQ. súru, used of air spirits in the earliest Lost Tales (LT1/66) but translated as “wind” in the Earendel and Oilima Markirya poems written around 1930 (MC/216, 220). In one glossary appearing among Oilima Markirya drafts, Tolkien translated súru as “wind, gale” (PE16/75).

Quenya [LotR/0377; MC/222; NM/237; PE17/062; PE17/076; PE17/124; PE17/135; RGEO/58; TAI/197; TMME/184] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Súlimë

march

Súlimë noun, third month of the year, "March". The word apparently means *"windy one" (Appendix D; SA:sûl; not capitalized in the latter source). Early "Qenya" has súlimë "wind" (LT1:266)

súlo

goblet

súlo (stem *súlu*-, given the primitive form ¤suglu; the pl. may be súlwi) noun "goblet" (SUG; see SUK; apparently changed by Tolkien from súla**, VT46:16)

súlë

spirit, breath

súlë (þ) noun "spirit, breath", also name of tengwa #9; originally thúlë (þúlë), before the shift th > s that occurred shortly before the rebellion of the Noldor (Appendix E, THŪ). Its gloss, "blowing forth", was metaphorically used as "the emission of power (of will or desire) from a spirit" (PE17:124). If the element súlë appears in Súlimë and Súlimo (q.v.), the stem-form may seem to be súli-.

súma

hollow cavity, bosom

súma noun "hollow cavity, bosom"; cf. súmaryassë "in her bosom" (súma-rya-ssë "bosom-her-in") in Markirya

súriquessë

wind feather

súriquessë noun "wind feather" (referring to a "tuft of radiating grass" in a drawing by Tolkien) (J.R.R. Tolkien: Artist & Illustrator, p. 197)

súru

wind

súru noun "wind" (MC:213, 216, 220; this is "Qenya"; Tolkien's later Quenya has súrë)

súrë

wind

súrë noun "wind", stem súri- because of primitive form sūrǐ- (PE17:62),hence the instrumental form súrinen "in the wind" or more literally "by the wind" (Nam, RGEO:66,Markirya, J.R.R. Tolkien: Artist & Illustrator p. 197); Súrion masc.name, "Wind-son" (Appendix A). Early "Qenya" has súru (MC:213, 216, 220). See also súriquessë.

súya-

breathe

súya- (þ) vb. "breathe" (THŪ)

suhto

draught

suhto noun "draught" (SUK)

súlimë

noun. March, *Windy-one

Quenya [LBI/Súlimë; LotR/1110; SA/sûl; UTI/Súlimë] Group: Eldamo. Published by

susta-

verb. to blow (tr.)

súma

noun. hollow cavity, bosom

A noun from the Markirya poem of the 1960s glossed “hollow cavity, bosom” (MC/223). Its etymology is unclear.

Quenya [MC/222; MC/223] Group: Eldamo. Published by

súta-

verb. to blow (tr.)

Quenya [NM/239; NM/240] Group: Eldamo. Published by

súriellë

noun. windflower, anemone

A neologism for “windflower, anemone” coined by Tamas Ferencz, an elaboration of Q. súrë (súri-) “wind”.

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

súyel

noun. niece

A neologism coined by Paul Strack in 2022 specifically for Eldamo, the female equivalent of ᴺQ. súyon “nephew” based on the root √YE(L) “daughter” instead of √YON “son”.

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

súna-

verb. to be spiritually affected, inspired

@@@ Discord 2022-05-13

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

súnalë

noun. inspiration

@@@ Discord 2022-05-13

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

súcë

noun. resinous tree, pine or fir

súyon

noun. nephew, daughter’s son

tanca

firm, fixed, sure

tanca ("k")adj. "firm, fixed, sure" (TAK)

-nen

most nouns have an instrumental in -nen

-nen instrumental ending (pl. -inen, dual -nten, partitive pl. -línen). Attested in ambartanen, lírinen, lintieryanen, súrinen, parmanen; see ambar (#2), lírë, lintië, súrë, parma. Tolkien noted that "most nouns have an instrumental in -nen" (PE17:62), a wording suggesting that the form of the ending may vary; given the normal development ln > ld, it is possible that it would appear as *-den when added to a noun in -l (*macilden "with a sword").

-rya

his, her

-rya 3rd person sg. pronominal ending "his, her" and probably "its" (VT49:16, 38, 48, Nam, RGEO:67), attested in coivierya *"his/her life", máryat "her hands", ómaryo "of her voice" (genitive of *ómarya "her voice"), súmaryassë "in her bosom" (locative of súmarya "her bosom"); for the meaning "his" cf. coarya "his house" (WJ:369). The ending is descended from primitive ¤-sjā via -zya (VT49:17) and therefore connects with the 3rd person ending -s "he, she, it". In colloquial Quenya the ending -rya could be used for "their" rather than "his/her", because it was felt to be related to the plural ending -r,e.g. símaryassen "in their [not his/her] imaginations" (VT49:16, 17). See -ya #4.

Rithil-Anamo

ring of doom

Rithil-Anamo place name "Ring of Doom", translation of the foreign word Máhanaxar that was adopted and adapted from Valarin (WJ:401). Compare Anamo, q.v. Presumably *Risil-Anamo in Exilic Quenya, since the digraph th of rithil must represent the spirant þ (expressed by the letter súlë, older thúlë, in Tengwar writing).

Sauro

the abhorred

Sauro (þ) (1), usually in longer form Sauron (þ), masc. name "the Abhorred", name of a Maia, the second Dark Lord (said to be the name by which he was "afterwards called", MR:147; according to PE17:183, his original name was Mairon, q.v.). Earlier Thauron (SA:thaur, THUS), archaic *Θaurond- (Letters:380, where the initial Greek letter represents th). The stem of Sauron* would then be Saurond-. Another form of the name is Súro**.

quessë

feather

quessë noun "feather", also name of tengwa #4 (Appendix E, WJ:417, KWES, VT45:24); súriquessë "wind feather" (referring to a "tuft of radiating grass" in a drawing by Tolkien) (J.R.R. Tolkien: Artist & Illustrator, p. 197)

thúlë

thúlë

thúlë (þúlë) archaic/Vanyarin form of súlë, q.v.

tuilérë

spring-day

tuilérë noun *"Spring-day", a day outside the months in the Steward's Reckoning, inserted between Súlimë and Víressë (rough equivalents of March and April). In Tolkien's early "Qenya", Tuilérë was simply glossed "Spring" (LT1:269).

vailë

noun. wind, [strong] wind, *gale

An obscure word for “wind” in notes from December 1959 (D59) derived from the root √WAYA and appearing in various forms: vëa, vaiwe, and vaile, the last of these with an adjectival form vailima “windy” (P17/189). A similar set of Quenya derivatives of √WAY appeared in notes from 1957, but there most of the forms were rejected: {vaiwe, view-, vaive, víw}, along with unrejected váva (PE17/33-34). Tolkien considered all these as possible cognates of S. gwae “wind”.

Conceptual Development: Precursors include ᴱQ. ’wā “wind” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√GWĀ (QL/102), ᴱQ. or vanwe “wind” from Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1930s (PE16/142) and ᴹQ. vaiwa “wind” from The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√WAIWA (Ety/WĀ). Thus the Quenya forms were much less stable than their Sindarin equivalent and its precursor, which were simply G. gwâ “wind” (GL/43; PE13/146) >> N./S. gwae(w) “wind” (Ety/WĀ; NM/237; PE17/33-34, 189).

Neo-Quenya: Of the various forms, I prefer Q. vailë since (a) it is later, (b) has an adjectival form and (c) has a possible direct cognate S. gwael “✱wind”, also from around the same time. Q. súrë is the usual word for “wind” and is thus preferable for most uses, but I think vailë might be used for a strong wind or gale, since elsewere in Quenya derivatives of √ seem to be tied to stronger winds: hwarwa “violent wind”, vangwë “storm” (NM/237).

-da

draught, the amount drunk

-da suffix used to derive nouns denoting the result of an action, like yulda "draught, the amount drunk" (the stem YUL is here given the meaning "drink"). (PE17:68) Cf. also carda "deed" (q.v.) vs. the verb car- "do".

-ya

his

-ya (4) pronominal suffix "his" (and probably also "her, its"), said to be used in "colloquial Quenya" (which had redefined the "correct" ending for this meaning, -rya, to mean "their" because it was associated with the plural ending -r). Hence e.g. cambeya ("k") "his hand", yulmaya "his cup" (VT49:17) instead of formally "correct" forms in -rya. The ending -ya was actually ancient, primitive ¤- being used for "all numbers" in the 3rd person, predating elaborated forms like -rya. It is said that -ya "remained in Quenya" in the case of "old nouns with consonantal stems", Tolkien listing tál "foot", cas "head", nér "man", sír "river" and macil "sword" as examples. He refers to "the continued existence of such forms as talya his foot", that could apparently be used even in "correct" Quenya (VT49:17). In PE17:130, the forms talya "his foot" and macilya ("k") "his (or their) sword" are mentioned.

anda

long

anda adj. "long" (ÁNAD/ANDA), "far" (PE17:90).In Andafangar noun "Longbeards", one of the tribes of the Dwarves (= Khuzdul Sigin-tarâg and Sindarin Anfangrim) (PM:320). Compare Andafalassë, #andamacil, andamunda, andanéya, andatehta, Anduinë. Apparently derived from the adj. anda is andavë "long" as adverb ("at great length", PE17:102), suggesting that the ending - can be used to derive adverbs from adjectives (LotR3:VI ch. 4, translated in Letters:308)

fëa

spirit

fëa noun "spirit" (pl. fëar attested, MR:363). The Incarnates are said to live by necessary union of hroa (body) and fëa (WJ:405). In Airëfëa noun "the Holy Spirit", Fëanáro masc. name "Spirit of Fire" (Quenya-Sindarin hybrid form: Fëanor), Fëanturi noun "Masters of Spirits", name of the two Valar Mandos and Lórien (SA:tur), fëafelmë noun "spirit-impulse" (impulses originating with the spirit, e.g. love, pity, anger, hate) (VT41:19 cf. 13, VT43:37). In one source it is said to mean specifically a "spirit indwelling a body", i.e. "soul" (PE17:124), which contradicts such uses as Airefëa or Fëanturi. Cf. fairë.

tompë

noun. [unglossed], *pulse, beat

@@@ Neo-meaning “✱pulse, beat” suggested by Röandil on 2023-04-20

quessë

noun. feather

The Quenya word for “feather” and the name of tengwa #4 [z] (LotR/1122).

Conceptual Development: Some similar words appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√QASA: ᴱQ. qasil “arrow-feather, arrow” and ᴱQ. qasilla “tuft, nodding spray, tassel, plume” (QL/76); quasil was only glossed “arrow” in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/76). ᴹQ. qesse “feather” first appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√KWES (Ety/KWES), already the name of tengwa #4 (EtyAC/KWES). It was also the name of this tengwa in notes on the Feanorian Alphabet from the 1930s and 1940s (PE22/22, 51, 61), and remained so into the published version of The Lord of the Rings.

Quenya [LotR/1122; PE17/123; PE17/168; WJ/417] Group: Eldamo. Published by

amya-

verb. [unglossed]

conta-

verb. [unglossed]

-zya

his, her, its

-zya, archaic form of the pronominal ending -rya "his, her, its", q.v. (VT49:17)

andavë

long, at great length

andavë adv. "long, at great length" (PE17:102); see anda

ando

long

ando (2) adv. "long"; maybe replaced by andavë; see anda (VT14:5)

arra

adjective. [unglossed]

cairë

?. [unglossed]

cúma

noun. [unglossed]

felca

adjective. [unglossed]

felehta-

verb. [unglossed], *to excavate, tunnel, mine

An untranslated form appearing in Notes on Names (NN) from 1957 derived from the root √PHELEG/PHELEK (PE17/118), possibly a verb derived from ✱phelektā- or ✱phelegtā-. The derivatives of this root had to do with mines and tunnels, so perhaps this verb meant “✱to excavate, tunnel, mine”.

finca

noun. [unglossed]

foa

breath, puff of breath

foa (1) noun "breath, puff of breath" (VT47:35, 36)

hendas

?. [unglossed]

Quenya [PMCH/02; TMME/192] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hindo

noun. [unglossed]

hindë

noun. [unglossed]

holdë

noun. [unglossed]

hyóla

trump

hyóla noun "trump" (SD:419)

háro

?. [unglossed]

spirit, shadow

noun "spirit, shadow" (PE17:86)

húmë

cardinal. thousand

húmë (1) numeral "thousand" (PE13:50). Pl. húmi is attested (used in connection with other numbers, as in "two thousand", i.e. "two thousands").

lindë

air, tune, singing, song

lindë noun "air, tune, singing, song" (SA:gond, (LIN2, [GLIN]); lindelorendor "music-dream-land"; see laurelindórenan lindelorendor... _(LotR2:III ch. 4, cf. Letters:308). _Also compare lindi- in lindimaitar, q.v. (but the other compounds here cited do not give a lindë a stem-form lindi-).

lingi-

verb. [unglossed]

maitya

?. [unglossed]

malsa

?. [unglossed]

melya-

verb. [unglossed], *to be in love

naue

?. [unglossed]

nwalma

pain

nwalma noun "pain" _(VT46:4. In Tengwar writing, the initial NW would be represented by the letter nwalmë.)_

poica

clean, pure

poica ("k")adj. "clean, pure" (POY)

sal-

verb. [unglossed]

sanda

firm, true, abiding

sanda (þ) (1) adj. "firm, true, abiding" (STAN)

sélo

?. [unglossed]

sóla

?. [unglossed]

sóra

long, trailing

sóra adj. "long, trailing" (LT2:344)

thar-

verb. [unglossed]

tomba

noun. [unglossed]

tulca

firm, strong, immovable, steadfast

tulca (1) ("k") adj. "firm, strong, immovable, steadfast" (TULUK)

um(ba)-

prefix. [unglossed]

umbacarin

noun. [unglossed]

vailë

wind

vailë noun "wind" (PE17:189)

vaiwa

wind

vaiwa noun "wind" (WĀ/WAWA/WAIWA)

vaiwë

wind

vaiwë noun "wind" (PE17:189)

vaiwë

noun. wind

vilissë

spirit

vilissë noun "spirit" (GL:23)

vilwa

air, lower air

[vilwa < wilwa] noun "air, lower air" (distinct from the 'upper' air of the stars, or the 'outer') (WIL; in one place vilwa was not struck out, VT46:21) According to VT46:21, Tolkien considered vilda < wilda as a replacement form, but rejected it.

vilya

air, sky

vilya noun "air, sky", also name of tengwa #24. Older wilya. (Appendix E). Early "Qenya" has Vilya (changed from Vilna) "lower air" (LT1:273); also vilya "air" (MC:215)

vëa

wind

vëa (4) noun "wind" (PE17:189)

vëa

noun. wind

wai

wind, weave

wai (what the primitive element ¤wei "wind, weave" became in Quenya; therefore confused with the stem WAY "enfold") (WEY)

wailë

wind

wailë noun "wind", later form vailë, q.v. (PE17:189)

waiwa

wind

waiwa noun "wind" (WĀ/WAWA/WAIWA)

wilma

air, lower air

wilma noun "air, lower air" (distinct from the 'upper' air of the stars, or the 'outer') (WIL)

wind

(actually spelt ) noun "wind" (LT1:266). Cf. wáya-.

yulda

draught, something drunk, a drink, the amount drunk

yulda noun "draught, something drunk, a drink, the amount drunk", pl. yuldar (Nam, PE17:63, 68, RGEO:66). See -da regarding etymology.

éna

?. [unglossed]

úpa-

verb. [unglossed]

þúlë

noun. spirit

þúna

?. [unglossed]

húmë

cardinal. thousand; †great number

mencë

cardinal. thousand

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

nen

noun. nostril

tuxainen

cardinal. thousand