Quenya 

urra

adjective. bad

Changes

  • uncaurra “bad” ✧ PE22/168

Derivations

  • UG “dislike”

Element in

Variations

  • unca ✧ PE22/168 (unca)

pal-

beat

[pal- (2) vb. "beat", also in an alternative (extended?) form palap-, VT46:8. See palpa-.]

vand-

way, path

vand- noun "way, path" (LT1:264; a final vowel would seem to be required, but in Tolkien's later Quenya, the words tië or mallë are to be preferred)

Quenya [Quettaparma Quenyallo] Group: Quettaparma Quenyallo. Published by

urra

adjective. nasty, bad

Quenya [PE 22:160, 168] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

olca

adjective. bad, wicked

Changes

  • ŏlcaolca ✧ PE17/170

Cognates

  • S. ogol “bad, evil, wrong; gloom(y)” ✧ PE17/149; PE17/170; VT48/32

Derivations

  • OKO “evil, wicked, bad” ✧ PE17/149; VT48/32
  • oklā “bad, wicked” ✧ PE17/170; VT43/24
    • OKO “evil, wicked, bad” ✧ PE17/170; VT43/24

Element in

  • Q. násië “but deliver us from evil: Amen” ✧ VT43/23

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
OKO > olca[oklā] > [olkā] > [olka]✧ PE17/149
oklā > olca[oklā] > [olkā] > [olka]✧ PE17/170
oklā > olca[oklā] > [olkā] > [olka]✧ VT43/24
oko > olca[oklā] > [olkā] > [olka]✧ VT48/32

Variations

  • ŏlca ✧ PE17/170 (ŏlca)
Quenya [PE17/149; PE17/170; VT43/23; VT43/24; VT48/32; VT49/14] Group: Eldamo. Published by

la

no, not

la negation "no, not" (see ); also prefix la- as in lacarë, q.v. (VT45:25)

ampano

building

ampano noun "building" (especially of wood), "wooden hall" (PAN; alternative form umpano, VT45:36, which Tolkien in one case altered to ampano, VT46:8). In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, ampano was also the name of tengwa #6 (VT46:8), which letter Tolkien would later call umbar instead (changing its value from mp to mb).

no, not

(1) adv. "no, not" (LA, VT45:25) According to VT42:33, is the stressed form, alternating with la when the negation is unstressed. In another conceptual phase of Tolkien's, had the opposite meaning "yes" (VT42:32-33), but this idea is contradicted by both earlier and later material: usually is conceived as a negation. The negation can receive tense markers and be used as a negative verb "when [another] verb is not expressed" (VT49:13), apparently where the phrase "is not" is followed by a noun or an adjective as a predicate, or where some verb is understood, as in English "I do not" (i.e. "I do not do whatever the context indicates"). With pronominal endings la- in the aorist, e.g. lanyë "I do not, am not" (etc.) (Tolkien abandoned the form lamin.) Exemplified in the sentence melin sé apa lanyë *"I love him but I do not [love] him" (another person) (VT49:15). Present tense laia, past lánë, perfect alaië, future lauva.

way

(1) noun "way" = "method, manner" ("as in that is not As way"). Not to be confused with as a stressed form of le = plural "you"; Tolkien was himself dissatisfied with this clash (PE17:74).

men

way

men (2) noun "way" (SA) or "place, spot" (MEN)

men

noun. way, way; [ᴹQ.] place, spot

Cognates

  • S. men “road, way, road, way; [N.] *place”

Derivations

  • MEN “go, move, proceed (in any direction); make for, go towards; have as object, (in)tend; direction, object, point moved toward; region”

Element in

  • ᴺQ. catamen “background, milieu”
  • Q. formen “north, north, [ᴹQ.] right-hand [direction]” ✧ SA/men
  • Q. hyarmen “south, (lit.) left-hand direction” ✧ SA/men
  • Q. Ilmen “*Place of Starlight”
  • ᴺQ. mancamen “market, (lit.) trade-place”
  • ᴺQ. menessë “instead, (lit.) in place”
  • Q. mentië “passage, journey, direction of travel”
  • ᴺQ. mótamen “office”
  • ᴺQ. natsemen “website, (lit.) web-spot”
  • Q. númen “west, direction or region of the sunset, occident, (lit.) going down” ✧ SA/men
  • ᴺQ. parmen “school, place of study”
  • ᴺQ. quermen “a turning, turn, corner (of a street)”
  • Q. rómen “east, uprising, sunrise” ✧ SA/men
  • ᴺQ. tirmen “theater”
  • ᴺQ. tungwemen “tax-office”

alima

fair, good

alima adj. "fair, good" (also alya) (PE17:146)

alya

fair, good

alya (1) adj. "fair, good" (PE17:146), "prosperous, rich, abundant, blessed" (GALA). In a deleted entry in Etym, the glosses provided were "rich, blessed"; another deleted entry defined alya as "rich, prosperous, blessed". (GALA, [ÁLAM], VT42:32, 45:5, 14)

olca

evil, bad, wicked

olca adj. "evil, bad, wicked" (VT43:23-24, VT48:32, VT49:14, PE17:149). The root meaning implies "wickedness as well as badness or lack of worth" (PE17:170). Variant of ulca.

ú-

prefix. bad, uneasy, hard

Quenya [PE 22:160] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

-ima

fair

-ima adjectival suffix. Sometimes it is used to derive simple adjectives, like vanima "fair" or calima "bright"; it can also take on the meaning "-able" (PE17:68), as in mátima "edible" (mat- "eat"), nótima "countable" (not- "count") and (with a negative prefix) úquétima "unspeakable" (from quet- "speak"). Note that the stem-vowel is normally lengthened in the derivatives where -ima means "-able", though this fails to occur in cenima "visible" (q.v., but contrast hraicénima, q.v.) and also before a consonant cluster as in úfantima "not concealable" (PE17:176). "X-ima" may mean "apt to X" (when the ending is added to an intransitive verbal stem), as in Fírimar "mortals", literally "those apt to die" (WJ:387). The adj. úfantima "not concealable" (PE17:176) also appears as úfantuma (PE17:180), indicating the existence of a variant ending -uma (possibly used to derive adjectives with a "bad" meaning; compare the ending *-unqua next to -inqua, q.v.)

londa

path

[londa noun "path"], changed by Tolkien to londë noun "road (in sea)" (VT45:28)

naxa

adjective. evil

Quenya [PE 22:154] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

naxa

noun/adjective. evil

Element in

Variations

  • naxa ✧ PE22/154

tier

path

tier is, besides the pl. form of tië "path" above, an ephemeral word for "so", abandoned by Tolkien in favour of tambë (VT43:17)

ulca

evil, bad, wicked, wrong

ulca adj. "evil, bad, wicked, wrong" (QL:97, VT43:23-24, VT48:32, VT49:14; compounded in henulca "evileyed", SD:68); variant olca, q.v. Compare noun ulco. The adj. ulca may also itself be used as a noun "evil", as in the ablative form ulcallo "from evil" (VT43:8, 10) and the sentence cé mo quetë ulca *"if one speaks evil" (VT49:19).

vanya

fair

vanya (1) adj. "fair" (FS), "beautiful" (BAN), a word referring to beauty that is "due to lack of fault, or blemish" (PE17:150), hence Arda Vanya as an alternative to Arda Alahasta for "Arda Unmarred" (ibid., compare MR:254). Nominal pl. Vanyar "the Fair", the first clan of the Eldar; the original meaning of this stem was "pale, light-coloured, not brown or dark" (WJ:382, 383, stem given as WAN), "properly = white complexion and blonde hair" (PE17:154, stem given as GWAN); stems BAN vs. WAN discussed, see PE17:150.

vanë

fair

vanë adj. "fair" (LT1:272; in Tolkien's later Quenya rather vanya)

vanë

adjective. fair, fair, [ᴱQ.] lovely

Derivations

  • BAN “beauty (due to lack of fault or blemish); fair, beautiful” ✧ PE17/056

Element in

  • Q. úvanë(a) “without beauty”
  • Q. vanessë “beauty” ✧ PE17/056
  • Q. vanië “beauty” ✧ PE17/056
  • Q. vanima “beautiful, fair, beautiful, fair, *handsome; [ᴱQ.] proper, right, as it should be, fair” ✧ PE17/056

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
BAN > vane[bani] > [bane] > [βane] > [vane]✧ PE17/056

Variations

  • vane ✧ PE17/056

úra

evil, nasty

úra (1) adj. "evil, nasty" (VT43:24, VT48:32)

úra

adjective. nasty

Changes

  • úraúro “*evil” ✧ VT43/24

Derivations

  • UG “dislike” ✧ VT43/24

Element in

  • Q. násië “but deliver us from evil: Amen” ✧ VT43/24
  • Q. úro “*evil, nastiness”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
UG > úra[ugra] > [uɣra] > [ūra]✧ VT43/24

Variations

  • úra ✧ VT43/24 (úra); VT43/24

tele

verb. mean, intend

Quenya [PE 22:99n,118] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

linda

fair, beautiful

linda adj. "fair, beautiful" (of sound) (SLIN, LIND; VT45:27), "soft, gentle, light" (PE16:96), "beautiful, sweet, melodious of sound" (PE17:150); for Linda as a noun, see Lindar.

saura

foul, evil-smelling, putrid

saura (þ) adj. "foul, evil-smelling, putrid" (THUS), "foul, vile" (PE17:183). This adjective underlies the name Sauro, Sauron (q.v.) Alternatively explained to mean "cruel" (PE17:184); a deleted gloss defined the word as "bad, unhealthy, ill, wretched" (PE17:172). Tolkien did not consistently hold that the initial s represents older þ; sometimes he derived saura (and so implicitly Sauron) from stems with original s-.

saura

adjective. cruel, evil, vile; stinking, foul; bad, unhealthy, ill, wretched, stinking, foul, [ᴹQ.] evil-smelling, putrid; [Q.] cruel, evil, vile; [Q.] bad, unhealthy, ill, wretched

Changes

  • sauraSaura “foul, vile” ✧ PE17/184

Cognates

  • S. thaur “abominable, horrible” ✧ PE17/172
  • S. saur “bad (of food), putrid” ✧ PE17/183

Derivations

  • THAW “cruel; stink” ✧ PE17/068; PE17/184
    • THOW “stink” ✧ PE17/068
  • SAW “disgusting, foul, vile; bad, unhealthy, ill, wretched” ✧ PE17/172; PE17/183

Element in

  • Q. saucarya “evil-doing” ✧ PE17/068
  • Q. Sauron “Abhorred” ✧ PE17/068; PE17/183
  • ᴺQ. sauroryat “skunk, (lit.) stink-badger”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ÞAW > saura[tʰaura] > [θaura] > [saura]✧ PE17/068
SAWA > saura[saura]✧ PE17/172
SAWA > saura[saura]✧ PE17/183
THAW > Saura[tʰaura] > [θaura] > [saura]✧ PE17/184

Variations

  • Saura ✧ PE17/184
Quenya [PE17/068; PE17/172; PE17/183; PE17/184] Group: Eldamo. Published by

úmëa

evil

úmëa (2) adj. "evil" (UGU/UMU). Obsoleted by #1 above? Possibly connected to úmëai in Narqelion, if that is a "Qenya" plural form.

ampano

noun. building, construction, edifice

Quenya [PE 22:52; PE 22:114] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

lelya-

go, proceed (in any direction), travel

lelya- (1) vb. "go, proceed (in any direction), travel", pa.t. lendë / elendë (WJ:363, VT14:5, PE17:139) At one point Tolkien assigned a more specific meaning to the underlying root LED: "go away from the speaker or the point in mind, depart" (PE17:52), which would make lelya- a near synonym of auta-. The same source denies that the derivatives of _LED _were used simply for "go, move, travel", but elsewhere Tolkien assigns precisely that meaning to lelya-.

lenna-

go

lenna- vb. "go", pa.t. lendë "went" (LED; cf. lelya-). In the Etymologies as printed in LR, the word lenna- wrongly appears as **linna-; see VT45:27.

naicea

adjective. cruel

Quenya [PE 22:126] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

nwalca

cruel

nwalca ("k")adj. "cruel" (ÑGWAL; this must represent earlier *ñwalca = *ngwalca; these forms are not given in Etym, but compare nwalmë_ below. In Tengwar writing, the initial NW would be represented by the letter nwalmë.)_

vanya-

go, depart, disappear

vanya- (2) vb. "go, depart, disappear", pa.t. vannë (WAN). The verb auta- may have replaced this word in Tolkien's later conception.

úmara

adjective. bad, ill-used, evil, sinister

Element in

tië

path, course, line, direction, way

tië noun "path, course, line, direction, way" (TE3, VT47:11); pl. tier in Namárië(Nam, RGEO:67); tielyanna "upon your path" (UT:22 cf. 51; tie-lya-nna "path-your-upon")

us-

prefix. [wrong] with a bad sense; unsuitable, bad, improper, useless, wrong

Cognates

  • S. oth- “[wrong] with a bad sense; unsuitable, bad, improper, useless, wrong” ✧ PE17/151; PE17/172

Derivations

  • UTHU “bad; unsuitable; improper, useless, wrong; [wrong] with a bad sense” ✧ PE17/151; PE17/172

Element in

  • Q. uxarë “doing wrong, doing wrong, *misdeed” ✧ PE17/151

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
UTHU > us-[utʰ-] > [uθ-] > [us-]✧ PE17/151

Variations

  • ur(u) ✧ PE17/172 (ur(u))
Quenya [PE17/151; PE17/172] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ú-

prefix. no, not, un-, in-; hard, difficult, bad, uneasy; hardly, with difficulty, ‘badly’

Cognates

  • S. ú- “no, not, negative; impossible, no, not, negative; impossible; [N.] bad-” ✧ PE17/062

Derivations

  • UG “dislike” ✧ PE22/160
  • Ū “denial of fact, privation, negative element, denial of fact, privation, negative element, [ᴱ√] not” ✧ VT42/33

Element in

  • ᴺQ. úpuhta- “to fornicate”
  • ᴺQ. úhep- “to lose, (lit.) to un-keep”
  • ᴺQ. únet- “to lose, (lit.) to un-get”
  • Q. úcalima “dim, murky, dim, murky, *not bright” ✧ PE22/156
  • Q. úcar- “*to trespass, do wrong, sin”
  • Q. úcarë “*sin, debt, trespass”
  • Q. úcárima “hard to do, difficult” ✧ PE22/156
  • Q. úcarnë “not red” ✧ PE22/152
  • ᴺQ. úcim- “disregard”
  • ᴺQ. úfailië “unrighteousness”
  • Q. úfantima “not concealable”
  • Q. úfanwëa “not veiled, unveiled”
  • ᴺQ. úhandë “unreason, incomprehension”
  • Q. úχarin “unmarred” ✧ PE17/150
  • Q. Úlairi “Ring-wraiths, (lit.) ?Un-living, Un-summer”
  • ᴺQ. úlaita- “to dishonour”
  • ᴺQ. úlévima “paralyzed, lame”
  • Q. Úmaiar “Evil Spirits”
  • Q. úmaitë “clumsy(-handed), unskilled”
  • Q. Úmaneldi “*Elves not of Aman”
  • Q. Úmanyar “Those not of Aman”
  • Q. úmara “bad, ill-used, evil, sinister” ✧ VT49/15
  • Q. úmárë “not good = evil” ✧ PE22/152
  • Q. únat “thing impossible to be or to be done”
  • Q. únehta “*atom”
  • Q. Úner “Noman” ✧ UT/211
  • Q. únotë(a) “not counted, uncounted” ✧ PE17/143; VT39/14
  • Q. únótima “numberless, innumerable, countless, difficult/impossible to count” ✧ PE17/062; PE17/063; PE17/143; PE22/156; PE22/160; VT39/14; VT42/33
  • ᴺQ. únut- “to untie”
  • Q. únyárima “impossible to recount”
  • Q. úpa “dumb [unable to speak]”
  • Q. úpahtëa “speechless”
  • ᴺQ. úpoica “unclean”
  • ᴺQ. úqua “nothing”
  • ᴺQ. úquen “nobody, no one”
  • Q. úquétima “unspeakable, impossible to say or put into words, unpronounceable”
  • Q. úsahtië “inducement to do wrong, *temptation”
  • Q. úsië “on the contrary” ✧ VT49/18
  • Q. úsir “on the contrary” ✧ VT49/18
  • ᴺQ. útancië “uncertainty”
  • ᴺQ. útulya- “to mislead”
  • ᴺQ. útúrima “unruly”
  • Q. úvana “marred”
  • Q. úvanë(a) “without beauty”
  • Q. úvanima “not fair, ugly; hard to call beautiful, hideous” ✧ PE17/143; PE22/156; VT39/14
  • Q. úvanimo “monster, corrupt or evil creature”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
UG > ú[ugu-] > [uɣu-] > [ū-]✧ PE22/160
û > ú[ū-]✧ VT42/33

Variations

  • ū- ✧ PE17/062; PE17/144; PE22/152; PE22/156
  • ū ✧ PE22/156; PE22/167; VT44/04
  • ú ✧ PE22/160; VT42/33
  • Ú- ✧ UT/211 (Ú-)
Quenya [PE17/062; PE17/063; PE17/143; PE17/144; PE17/150; PE22/152; PE22/156; PE22/160; PE22/167; UT/211; VT39/14; VT42/33; VT44/04; VT49/15; VT49/18] Group: Eldamo. Published by

il-

verb. no, *un-

il- (prefix) "no, *un-" (LA); cf. ilfirin "immortal" (vs. firin "dead"). This prefix "denotes the opposite, the reversal, i.e. more than the mere negation" (VT42:32). But il- can also mean "all, every"; see ilaurëa, ilqua, ilquen.

men-

go

#men- (4) vb. "go" (VT47:11, cf. VT42:30, VT49:23), attested in the aorist (menë) in the sentence imbi Menel Cemenyë menë Ráno tië "between Heaven and Earth goes the path of the Moon". In the verb nanwen- "return" (or go/come back), -men- is changed to -wen- following nan- "back" (etymological form cited as nan-men-, PE17:166). In examples from VT49:23, 24, Tolkien used men- in the sense of "go as far as": 1st person sg. aorist menin (menin coaryanna "I arrive at [or come/get to] his house"), endingless aorist menë, present tense ména- "is on point of arrival, is just coming to an end", past tense mennë "arrived, reached", in this tense usually with locative rather than allative (mennen sís "I arrive[d] here"), perfect eménië "has just arrived", future menuva "will arrive". All of these examples were first written with the verb as ten- rather than men-, Tolkien then emending the initial consonant.

ui

no

ui interjection "no" (originally an endingless negative verb in the 3rd person aorist: "it is not [so]"; see #u-). Apparently this is the word for "no" used to deny that something is true (compare , which is rather used to reject orders, or to issue negative orders). (VT49:28) Compare uito.

ulco

evil

ulco (stem #ulcu-) noun "evil", pl. *ulqui (VT43:23-24; the stem-form is attested in the ablative case: ulcullo "from evil", VT43:12)

ulco

noun. evil

Derivations

  • UK “nasty”

Element in

  • Q. násië “but deliver us from evil: Amen” ✧ VT43/24; VT43/23
  • ᴺQ. ulculóra “without evil”
Quenya [VT43/23; VT43/24] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ú-

verb. not-, un-, in-

ú- (2) prefix "not-, un-, in-", denying presence or possession of thing or quality (VT39:14, UGU/UMU/VT46:20, GŪ, LT1:272), or simply suggesting something bad or immoral (see #úcar-, Úmaiar). Tolkien at one point considered redefining ú- as an element signifying "bad, uneasy, hard"; the already-published form únótima would then mean "difficult/impossible to count" rather than simply "uncountable" (VT42:33). However, Tolkien's very last word on the matter seems to be that ú- was to remain a mere negative (VT44:4). Compare úa, q.v. According to the Etymologies, the prefix ú- usually has a "bad sense", whereas according to early material u- (uv-, um-, un-) is a "mere negation" (UGU/UMU vs. VT42:32) According to a later source, ú- could be used as an uninflected verbal prefix, mainly in verse, but in a normal style the prefix was "verbalized" as ua-, q.v. (PE17:144). The stem Ū, as a negation, was accompanied by "pursed lips and shaking of the head" (PE17:145).

úro

evil

úro noun "evil" (VT43:24); Tolkien may have abandoned this form in favour of ulco, q.v.

Sindarin 

ogol

bad

_ adj. _bad, evil, wrong. Q. olca bad, wicked. oklā << ōklā. >> oew, ogron

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:149:170] < *_oklā_ < OKO evil, bad. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

thu

bad

_adj. _bad. >> thugar. This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:172] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

band

noun. duress, prison, custody, safe-keeping

Sindarin [Ety/371, S/428, MR/350, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

baw

interjection. no, don't!

Sindarin [WJ/371] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tharbad

noun. cross-way

Sindarin [S/438] thar-+pâd. Group: SINDICT. Published by

bain

fair

_ adj. _fair, good, blessed, wholesome, favourable, without evil/bad element, not dangerous, evil or hostile. bân or bain << bân pl. bain. >> bân

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:150] < BAN beauty, with implication that it is due to _lack of fault_ or _blemish_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

bân

adjective. fair

_ adj. _fair, good, wholesome, favourable, not dangerous, evil or hostile. bân or bain << bân pl. bain. >> bain

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:150] < BAN beauty, with implication that it is due to _lack of fault_ or _blemish_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

pâd

noun. way

Sindarin [Aphadon (*ap-pata), Tharbad (*thara-pata) WJ/387] Group: SINDICT. Published by

faeg

adjective. mean, poor, bad

Sindarin [Ety/387, X/OE] Group: SINDICT. Published by

men

noun. way, road

Sindarin [UT/281] Group: SINDICT. Published by

othlonn

noun. paved way

Sindarin [Ety/370, X/ND4] ost+lond. Group: SINDICT. Published by

fael

adjective. fair minded, just, generous

Sindarin [PM/352] Etym. "having a good fëa". Group: SINDICT. Published by

gwain

adjective. fair

adj. fair. . This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:140] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

gwana

noun/adjective. fair

Changes

  • gwaingwana “fair, general word for Elves” ✧ PE17/140

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
wanasō > gwana[wanasō] > [wanaso] > [wanaho] > [gwanaho] > [gwanah] > [gwana]✧ PE17/140

Variations

  • gwain ✧ PE17/140 (gwain)

gwân

adjective. fair

_ adj. _fair, pale.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:165] < _gwan_ < GWAN pale, fair. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

lind

adjective. fair

Derivations

  • LIN “sing, make a musical sound, sing, make a musical sound, [ᴱ√] gentle”

Element in

  • S. Linhir “Fair Stream” ✧ RC/587

Variations

  • lin ✧ RC/587 (lin)

lond

noun. narrow path or strait

Sindarin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lond

noun. entrance to harbour, land-locked haven

Sindarin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

oer

adjective. nasty

Sindarin [PE 22:160] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

oer

adjective. nasty

Derivations

  • ugrā “nasty” ✧ PE22/160
    • UG “dislike” ✧ PE22/160

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ugrā > ogra > oer[ugrā] > [ugra] > [ogra] > [oɣra] > [oira] > [oir] > [oer]✧ PE22/160
Sindarin [PE22/160] Group: Eldamo. Published by

thaur

adjective. abominable, abhorrent

Sindarin [S/438] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ogol

adjective. bad, evil, wrong; gloom(y)

Cognates

  • Q. olca “bad, wicked” ✧ PE17/149; PE17/170; VT48/32
  • Q. ulca “evil; dark, gloomy, sinister, evil; dark, gloomy, sinister; [ᴱQ.] bad, wicked, wrong” ✧ PE17/149; PE18/088

Derivations

  • OKO “evil, wicked, bad” ✧ PE17/149; VT48/32
  • ulka ✧ PE17/149
    • UK “nasty” ✧ VT48/32
  • oklā “bad, wicked” ✧ PE17/170
    • OKO “evil, wicked, bad” ✧ PE17/170; VT43/24
  • uklā “gloom, gloomy” ✧ PE18/088

Element in

  • ᴺS. oglas “wickedness, *evil”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
OKO > ogol[okla] > [okl] > [ogl] > [ogol]✧ PE17/149
UKLA > ogl[ukla] > [ukla] > [okl] > [ogl] > [ogol]✧ PE17/149
oklā > ogol[oklā] > [okla] > [okl] > [ogl] > [ogol]✧ PE17/170
ū̆k’la > ogl > ogol[ukla] > [ukla] > [okl] > [ogl] > [ogol]✧ PE18/088

Variations

  • ogl ✧ PE17/149
Sindarin [PE17/149; PE17/170; PE18/088; VT48/32] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lonn

noun. entrance to harbour, land-locked haven

Sindarin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

oth-

prefix. [wrong] with a bad sense; unsuitable, bad, improper, useless, wrong

Cognates

  • Q. us- “[wrong] with a bad sense; unsuitable, bad, improper, useless, wrong” ✧ PE17/151; PE17/172

Derivations

  • UTHU “bad; unsuitable; improper, useless, wrong; [wrong] with a bad sense” ✧ PE17/151; PE17/172

Element in

  • ᴺS. othestannen “infamous, of evil name, (lit.) ill-named”
  • S. othgar(ed) “doing wrong, *wrong doing” ✧ PE17/151
  • S. othgarn “misdeed, misdeed, *sin” ✧ PE17/151
  • ᴺS. othovor “too much, (lit.) abundant in a bad way”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
UTHU > oth-[utʰ-] > [uθ-] > [oθ-]✧ PE17/151
UTHU > oth-[utʰ-] > [uθ-] > [oθ-]✧ PE17/172
Sindarin [PE17/151; PE17/172] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lonn

noun. narrow path or strait

Sindarin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ú

prefix. no, not (negative prefix or particle)

Sindarin [WJ/369, LotR/A(v)] Group: SINDICT. Published by

no, not

also ú

ogol

evil

1) ogol (wicked), pl. egyl (archaic ögyl) (VT48:32), 2) possibly also um (bad), pl. ym (or uim?) (David Salo would read *ûm with a long vowel. According to VT46:20, it may be that Tolkien intended um as a primitive base rather than as a ”Noldorin” word; the word ogol may therefore be preferred.)

ogol

evil

(wicked), pl. egyl (archaic ögyl) (VT48:32)

rhû

evil

adj. evil, wicked. Q. hruo. >> Rhudaur

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:115] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

rhû

evil

_ adj. _evil, wicked. Q. hrúa, hrúya. >> rhu-, Rhudaur

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:170] < S-RŪGU. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

um

evil

(bad), pl. ym (or uim?) (David Salo would read ✱ûm with a long vowel. According to VT46:20, it may be that Tolkien intended um as a primitive base rather than as a ”Noldorin” word; the word ogol may therefore be preferred.)

û

interjection. no

adv. or interj. no, not (of fact).

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:144] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

bad

go

#bad- (i vâd, i medir), pa.t. bant. Isolated from trevad- ”traverse”.

bad

go

(i vâd, i medir), pa.t. bant. Isolated from trevad- ”traverse”.

faeg

bad

*faeg (poor, mean). No distinct pl. form. (Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” foeg.)

faeg

bad

(poor, mean). No distinct pl. form. (Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” foeg.)

um

bad

um (evil), pl. ym. David Salo would read *ûm with a long vowel. (According to VT46:20, it may be that um is intended as a base rather than as a ”Noldorin” word.)

um

bad

(evil), pl. ym. David Salo would read ✱ûm with a long vowel. *(According to VT46:20, it may be that um is intended as a base rather than as a ”Noldorin” word.)*

band

duress

band (i mand, o mband; construct ban) (custody, prison, safekeeping, doom, hell), pl. baind (i mbaind), coll. pl. bannath.

band

duress

(i mand, o mband; construct ban) (custody, prison, safekeeping, doom, hell), pl. baind (i mbaind), coll. pl. bannath.

bâd

pathway

(i vâd, construct bad) (beaten track), pl. baid (i maid).

bâd

beaten track

(pathway) (i vâd, construct bad), pl. baid (i maid)

baw!

no

! (interjection expressing refusal or prohibition, not denying facts) baw! (dont!) Prefix

baw!

no

(don’t!) Prefix

adab

building

1) adab (house), pl. edaib. In ”Noldorin”, the plural was edeb_. _2)

adab

building

(house), pl. edaib. In ”Noldorin”, the plural was edeb. 2)

bain

fair

bain (beautiful). Lenited vain. No distinct pl. form.

bain

fair

(beautiful). Lenited vain. No distinct pl. form.

baug

cruel

(tyrannous, oppressive) (lenited maug), pl. boeg

blab

beat

1) blab- (i vlâb, i mlebir) (flap), pa.t. blamp, 2) dringa- (i dhringa, in dringar).

blab

beat

(i vlâb, i mlebir) (flap), pa.t. blamp

dringa

beat

(i dhringa, in dringar).

pada

walk

(i bada, i phadar)

balch

cruel

1) balch (lenited malch; pl. belch), 2) baug (tyrannous, oppressive) (lenited maug), pl. boeg

balch

cruel

(lenited malch; pl. belch)

imrad

path

(between mountains, hills or through trackless forest) imrad (pass), pl. imraid.

imrad

path

(pass), pl. imraid.

pâd

way

(construct pad), i bâd, pl. paid (i phaid). Isolated from Tharbad ”Crossroad”.

râd

path

râd (track), construct rad, pl. raid (idh raidh).

râd

path

(track), construct rad, pl. raid (idh raidh).

um

adjective. bad, evil

Cognates

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

car

building

car or cardh (i gar[dh], o char[dh]) (house), pl. cerdh (i cherdh) or cair (i chair). Note: cardh also means "deed, feat". Therefore, the form car (or adab) may be preferred for clarity.

car

building

or cardh (i gar[dh], o char[dh]) (house), pl. cerdh (i cherdh) or cair (i chair). Note: cardh also means "deed, feat". Therefore, the form car (or adab) may be preferred for clarity.

faeg

adjective. mean, poor, bad

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

lend

way

(journey), pl. lind, coll. pl. lennath. Note: a homophone means ”tuneful, sweet”

mên

way

1) mên (i vên, construct men, in compounds -ven) (road), pl. mîn (i mîn), 2) lend (journey), pl. lind, coll. pl. lennath. Note: a homophone means ”tuneful, sweet”, 3) #pâd (construct pad), i bâd, pl. paid (i phaid). Isolated from Tharbad ”Crossroad”. 4) (i dê, o thê) (line), pl. (i thî), coll. pl. ?teath.

mên

way

(i vên, construct men, in compounds -ven) (road), pl. mîn (i mîn)

way

(i dê, o thê) (line), pl. (i thî), coll. pl. ?teath.

faeg

mean

(adj.) faeg (poor, bad); no distinct pl. form. Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” foeg.

faeg

mean

(poor, bad); no distinct pl. form. Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” foeg.

Speculative

noun. path

Element in

thel

mean

(verb) ?thel- (intend, purpose, resolve, will)

thel

mean

(intend, purpose, resolve, will)

deleb

abominable

deleb (horrible, loathsome), lenited dheleb; pl. delib

deleb

abominable

(horrible, loathsome), lenited dheleb; pl. delib

thang

duress

thang (compulsion, need, oppression, tyranny), pl. theng if there is a pl.

thang

duress

(compulsion, need, oppression, tyranny), pl. theng if there is a pl.

thaur

foul

thaur (detestable, abhorrent, abominable), pl. thoer. Note: a homophone means ”fenced”.

thaur

foul

(detestable, abhorrent, abominable), pl. thoer. Note: a homophone means ”fenced”.

thaur

abominable

thaur (destestable, abhorrent, foul), pl. thoer. Note: a homophone means ”fenced”.

thaur

abominable

(destestable, abhorrent, foul), pl. thoer. Note: a homophone means ”fenced”.

ummas

noun. evil

Derivations

  • ᴹ√UMU “negative stems”
    • ᴹ√ “no, not” ✧ Ety/UGU; Ety/GŪ
Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

úmarth

evil fate

(pl. úmerth).

Primitive elvish

bani

adjective. fair

Element in

  • Q. vanië “beauty” ✧ PE17/057
  • Q. vanima “beautiful, fair, beautiful, fair, *handsome; [ᴱQ.] proper, right, as it should be, fair” ✧ PE17/057

Variations

  • vanĭ ✧ PE17/057
Primitive elvish [PE17/057] Group: Eldamo. Published by

oklā

adjective. bad, wicked

Derivations

  • OKO “evil, wicked, bad” ✧ PE17/170; VT43/24

Derivatives

  • Q. olca “bad, wicked” ✧ PE17/170; VT43/24
  • S. ogol “bad, evil, wrong; gloom(y)” ✧ PE17/170
Primitive elvish [PE17/170; VT43/24] Group: Eldamo. Published by

saw

root. disgusting, foul, vile; bad, unhealthy, ill, wretched

Changes

  • SAWÞAW ✧ PE17/068
  • SAWATHAW “disgusting, foul, vile” ✧ PE17/184

Derivatives

  • sawā “filth” ✧ PE17/183
    • Q. söa “filth” ✧ PE17/183
    • S. saw “filth, putrescence” ✧ PE17/183
  • Q. sau- “very badly” ✧ PE17/183
  • Q. saura “cruel, evil, vile; stinking, foul; bad, unhealthy, ill, wretched, stinking, foul, [ᴹQ.] evil-smelling, putrid; [Q.] cruel, evil, vile; [Q.] bad, unhealthy, ill, wretched” ✧ PE17/172; PE17/183
  • S. saur “bad (of food), putrid” ✧ PE17/183
  • S. thaur “abominable, horrible” ✧ PE17/172

Variations

  • SAWA ✧ PE17/172 (SAWA); PE17/183; PE17/184 (SAWA)
Primitive elvish [PE17/068; PE17/172; PE17/183; PE17/184] Group: Eldamo. Published by

oko

root. evil, wicked, bad

Derivatives

  • oklā “bad, wicked” ✧ PE17/170; VT43/24
    • Q. olca “bad, wicked” ✧ PE17/170; VT43/24
    • S. ogol “bad, evil, wrong; gloom(y)” ✧ PE17/170
  • okma “an evil deed” ✧ PE17/170
    • Q. ongwë “crime” ✧ PE17/170
    • S. oew “an evil deed” ✧ PE17/170
  • Q. olca “bad, wicked” ✧ PE17/149; VT48/32
  • S. ogol “bad, evil, wrong; gloom(y)” ✧ PE17/149; VT48/32
  • S. ogron “wicked or evil person” ✧ PE17/170

Variations

  • oko ✧ VT43/24; VT48/32
Primitive elvish [PE17/149; PE17/167; PE17/170; VT43/24; VT48/32] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ugrā

adjective. nasty

Derivations

  • UG “dislike” ✧ PE22/160

Derivatives

  • Q. úra “torrid, sultry, unpleasantly hot” ✧ PE22/160
  • S. oer “nasty” ✧ PE22/160
Primitive elvish [PE22/160] Group: Eldamo. Published by

wanyā

adjective. fair

Derivations

  • (G)WAN “pale, fair” ✧ WJ/383

Derivatives

  • Q. Vanya “Fair Elves, the Fair” ✧ WJ/380; WJ/383
    • T. Vania “Vanya” ✧ WJ/383

Variations

  • wanjā ✧ WJ/380; WJ/383
Primitive elvish [WJ/380; WJ/383] Group: Eldamo. Published by

uk

root. nasty

The root √OKO was mentioned a couple times in Definitive Linguistic Notes (DLN) from 1959 with glosses like “wicked, evil” and “evil, bad” serving as the basis for Q. olca/S. ogol “bad, wicked, evil” along with similar words (PE14/149, 170). In other notes from this period Tolkien said √OKO “evil” influenced the meaning of the Sindarin root √AK “hostile return” (PE17/167). In one of these 1959 notes, Tolkien wrote UK, UKLA below OKO with derivatives Q. ulca and S. ogl, all unglossed (PE17/149); Q. ulca was the word Tolkien used most frequently for “evil” in Quenya. In notes from 1968, Tolkien mentioned √UK “nasty” in passing, without giving any derivatives (VT48/25); Patrick Wynne suggested this form of the root may have been connected to 1969 √UG “dislike” (VT48/32 note #15; PE22/160).

Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I prefer Q. ulca for “evil”, but I think √OKO “wicked” might coexist with it as variant to salvage other words from that root.

Derivatives

  • ulka ✧ VT48/32
    • Q. ulca “evil; dark, gloomy, sinister, evil; dark, gloomy, sinister; [ᴱQ.] bad, wicked, wrong” ✧ PE17/149; VT48/32
    • S. ogol “bad, evil, wrong; gloom(y)” ✧ PE17/149
  • Q. ulco “evil”

Element in

  • ulka ✧ PE17/149; PE17/188

Variations

  • uk ✧ VT48/32 (uk)
Primitive elvish [PE17/149; PE17/188; VT48/25; VT48/32] Group: Eldamo. Published by

uthu

root. bad; unsuitable; improper, useless, wrong; [wrong] with a bad sense

This root appeared in a page of roots from Definitive Linguistic Notes (DLN) from 1959 with the gloss “unsuitable, bad, improper, useless, wrong” (PE17/172). This page was rejected, but the root √UTHU appeared again later in DLN as the basis for prefixes meaning wrong “with a general bad sense”: Q. us- and S. oth- as in S. othgarn “misdeed” and Q. uskare > Q. uxarë of the same meaning (PE17/151).

Derivatives

  • Q. us- “[wrong] with a bad sense; unsuitable, bad, improper, useless, wrong” ✧ PE17/151; PE17/172
  • S. oth- “[wrong] with a bad sense; unsuitable, bad, improper, useless, wrong” ✧ PE17/151; PE17/172

Element in

  • ᴺQ. ustat- “to misappropriate, supplant, usurp”
Primitive elvish [PE17/151; PE17/172; PE17/189] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

band

noun. duress, prison, custody, safe-keeping

Noldorin [Ety/371, S/428, MR/350, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

adab

noun. building, house

Noldorin [Ety/390, WR/379-80, X/EI] Group: SINDICT. Published by

bann

noun. duress, prison, custody, safe-keeping

Noldorin [Ety/371, S/428, MR/350, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

balch

adjective. cruel

Noldorin [Ety/377] Group: SINDICT. Published by

balch

adjective. cruel

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. nwalka “cruel” ✧ Ety/ÑGWAL

Derivations

  • ᴹ√(Ñ)GWAL “(suffer) torment, agony” ✧ Ety/ÑGWAL

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ÑGWAL > balch[ŋgwalka] > [mbalka] > [mbalkʰa] > [mbalxa] > [balxa] > [balx]✧ Ety/ÑGWAL
Noldorin [Ety/ÑGWAL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

blab-

verb. to beat, batter, flap (wings, etc.)

Noldorin [Ety/380] Group: SINDICT. Published by

pâd

noun. ?way

Derivations

  • PAT “*step, walk”

Element in

  • N. Tharbad “(?Crossway)” ✧ Ety/THAR
Noldorin [Ety/THAR] Group: Eldamo. Published by

rada-

verb. to make a way, find a way

Noldorin [Ety/383] Group: SINDICT. Published by

râd

noun. path, track

Noldorin [Ety/383] Group: SINDICT. Published by

um

adjective. bad, evil

Noldorin [Ety/396] Group: SINDICT. Published by

al-

prefix. no, not

Noldorin [Ety/367] Group: SINDICT. Published by

foeg

adjective. mean, poor, bad

Noldorin [Ety/387, X/OE] Group: SINDICT. Published by

foeg

adjective. mean, poor, bad

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. faika “contemptible, mean” ✧ Ety/SPAY

Derivations

  • ᴹ√SPAY “despise, contemn” ✧ Ety/SPAY

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√SPAY > foeg[spajka] > [spaika] > [sɸaika] > [ɸaika] > [faika] > [faik] > [faig] > [foeg]✧ Ety/SPAY
Noldorin [Ety/SPAY] Group: Eldamo. Published by

othlon

noun. paved way

Noldorin [Ety/370, X/ND4] ost+lond. Group: SINDICT. Published by

othlond

noun. paved way

Noldorin [Ety/370, X/ND4] ost+lond. Group: SINDICT. Published by

lond

noun. narrow path or strait

Noldorin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lond

noun. entrance to harbour, land-locked haven

Noldorin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lonn

noun. path

dringa-

verb. to beat (with a hammer, etc.)

Noldorin [Ety/355] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhonn

noun. entrance to harbour, land-locked haven

Noldorin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lonn

noun. entrance to harbour, land-locked haven

Noldorin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhonn

noun. narrow path or strait

Noldorin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lonn

noun. narrow path or strait

Noldorin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

interjection. no

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ “no, not” ✧ Ety/MŪ

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ > [mū]✧ Ety/MŪ
Noldorin [EtyAC/MŪ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

noun. path

vanima

adjective. fair

Derivations

  • ᴹ√BAN “*beauty” ✧ Ety/BAN

Element in

  • ᴹQ. Vanimo “The Beautiful; Fair Folk” ✧ Ety/BAN

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√BAN > vanima[banima] > [βanima] > [vanima]✧ Ety/BAN

úmea

adjective. evil

Cognates

  • ᴺS. um “bad, evil”

Derivations

  • ᴹ√UMU “negative stems” ✧ EtyAC/UGU
    • ᴹ√ “no, not” ✧ Ety/UGU; Ety/GŪ

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√um > úmea[ūmea]✧ EtyAC/UGU

Variations

  • ūmea ✧ Ety/UGU
Qenya [Ety/UGU; EtyAC/UGU] Group: Eldamo. Published by

naikea

adjective. cruel

Element in

Elements

WordGloss
naike“sharp pain”

nwalka

adjective. cruel

Cognates

  • N. balch “cruel” ✧ Ety/ÑGWAL

Derivations

  • ᴹ√(Ñ)GWAL “(suffer) torment, agony” ✧ Ety/ÑGWAL

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ÑGWAL > nwalka[ŋgwalka] > [ŋwalka] > [nwalka]✧ Ety/ÑGWAL

Middle Primitive Elvish

(m)bad

root. duress, prison, doom, hell; *judge

The most notable derivative of this root is Q. Mandos, which in Tolkien’s earlier writings was the name of the Vala, but in later writings technically only the name of his halls. The first iteration of this root was unglossed {ᴱ√MANÐAN >>} ᴱ√Mᵇ(A)NÐ(A)N from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, with a more “normal” Quenya form of MAND; its derivative ᴱQ. Mandos was glossed “hell” at this early stage (QL/58, 60). In a list of roots at the end of the M-section Tolkien gave it as MṆÐṆ and its Gnomish variant band- was glossed “bind”, which was the most likely meaning of the root at this early stage (QL/63).

In The Etymologies of the 1930s the root appeared as ᴹ√BAD along with a strengthened form ᴹ√MBAD glossed “duress, prison, doom, hell” (Ety/BAD, MBAD). Earlier entries for the strengthened root ᴹ√MBAD had glosses “hell” >> “doom” (EtyAC/MBAD). The strengthened root had derivatives like N. bann “duress, prison” and cognate ᴹQ. manda as in ᴹQ. Angamanda “Hell, Iron Prison” (Ety/MBAD). Tolkien said the unstrengthened root ᴹ√BAD was “not in Q” and it had derivatives like primitive verb ᴹ✶bad- “judge”, N. bauð “judgement”, and N. badhron “judge” (Ety/BAD), the Noldorin words having been transferred from ᴹ√MBAD (EtyAC/MBAD).

Thus it seems the unstrengthened root meant ᴹ√BAD “judge” and the strengthened root ᴹ√MBAD meant “duress, prison”. Tolkien’s continued use of names like Q. Mandos “Castle of Custody” and S. Angband “Iron Prison” indicate the ongoing validity of strengthened √MBAD, but there are other later root for “judge” such as ✱√NAM or √NDAB (PE22/154; VT42/34). These roots served as the basis for the true name of Mandos: Q. Námo or Návo (S/28; PE21/85; PE22/154).

Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I think it is best to assume √BAD survived as a Sindarin-only root for “judge”, since the Sindar had no direct encounter with the Vala and would be less likely to use this true name for Mandos.

Changes

  • MBANMBA(N)D “hell” ✧ EtyAC/MBAD

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶bad- “to judge” ✧ Ety/BAD
    • N. badh- “to judge” ✧ Ety/BAD
    • N. badhor “judge” ✧ Ety/BAD
  • ᴹ✶bād- “judgement” ✧ Ety/BAD
    • N. baudh “judgement” ✧ Ety/BAD
  • ᴹ✶mbād- “judgement, sentence” ✧ EtyAC/MBAD
    • N. badhor “judge” ✧ EtyAC/MBAD
    • N. baudh “judgement” ✧ EtyAC/MBAD
  • ᴹ✶mbanda “duress, prison” ✧ Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/BAD²
    • ᴹQ. manda “prison, *duress” ✧ Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/BAD²
    • N. bann “duress, prison” ✧ Ety/MBAD
  • ᴹ✶mbandō “doomsman, judge” ✧ EtyAC/MBAD
    • ᴹQ. mandos “doomsman, judge” ✧ EtyAC/MBAD
  • ᴺQ. manda- “to imprison”
  • N. bann “duress, prison” ✧ EtyAC/BAD²; EtyAC/MBAD
  • ᴺS. banna- “to imprison”

Element in

  • ᴹQ. Angamanda “Iron Prison, Hells of Iron” ✧ EtyAC/ANGĀ (Angavanda); EtyAC/MBAD (Angamanda)
  • ᴹQ. Kalamando “Light Mando” ✧ Ety/KAL; Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/MAN (Kalamando)
  • ᴹQ. Mandos “(Dread) Imprisoner” ✧ Ety/GOS; Ety/MBAD; Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/MAN (Mandos); EtyAC/MBAD (Mandos)
  • ᴹQ. Morimando “Dark Mando” ✧ Ety/MBAD; Ety/MOR
  • N. Angband “Iron Prison, Hells of Iron” ✧ EtyAC/ANGĀ (Angband)
  • N. Bannos “Mandos, Dread Imprisoner” ✧ Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/MBAD (Bannos)

Variations

  • BAD ✧ Ety/BAD; Ety/MBAD
  • MBAD ✧ Ety/GOS; Ety/KAL; Ety/MANAD; Ety/MOR; EtyAC/MAN (MBAD)
  • BAD² ✧ EtyAC/ANGĀ (BAD²); EtyAC/BAD² (BAD²)
  • MBA(N)D ✧ EtyAC/MBAD (MBA(N)D)
  • MBAN ✧ EtyAC/MBAD (MBAN)
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/BAD; Ety/GOS; Ety/KAL; Ety/MANAD; Ety/MBAD; Ety/MOR; EtyAC/ANGĀ; EtyAC/BAD²; EtyAC/MAN; EtyAC/MBAD] Group: Eldamo. Published by

pal

root. beat

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. palka- “to beat flat”
  • ᴹQ. palpa- “to beat, batter” ✧ EtyAC/PAL²

Variations

  • PAL ✧ PE18/033
Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/PAL²; PE18/033] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ugu

root. negative stems

Middle Primitive Elvish Group: Eldamo. Published by

umu

root. negative stems

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ “no, not” ✧ Ety/UGU; Ety/GŪ

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶gū̆- “no, not” ✧ Ety/UGU
    • ᴹQ. ú- “not, un-, in-” ✧ Ety/GŪ; Ety/UGU
    • N. ú- “un, bad-” ✧ Ety/UGU
  • ᴹQ. um- “to not be, to not do” ✧ Ety/LA; Ety/UGU
  • ᴹQ. úmea “evil” ✧ EtyAC/UGU
  • ᴺS. ummas “evil”

Variations

  • UGU ✧ Ety/LA; Ety/UGU; EtyAC/GŪ
  • um ✧ Ety/UGU; EtyAC/UGU (N. um)
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LA; Ety/UGU; EtyAC/GŪ; EtyAC/UGU] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

bad

noun. path

Cognates

  • Eq. van “way, path”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√VAHA “*depart, travel”

Element in

  • G. badweg “traveller; pedlar” ✧ GL/21 (badweg)
  • G. Bad Uthwen “Way of Escape”

Variations

  • bad ✧ GL/21 (bad)

bad

noun. building, outhouse, shed

Derivations

  • ᴱ√BATA “*build”

Element in

  • G. bada- “to build” ✧ GL/21

Variations

  • bad ✧ GL/21

fech

adjective. bad

olch

adjective. bad

ulch

adjective. bad

throth

noun. beat

cwarth

adjective. evil, bad, wicked

Changes

  • cwardcwardh ✧ GL/28
  • cwardcwardh- ✧ GL/28

Cognates

  • Eq. qarda “bad” ✧ GL/28

Derivations

  • ᴱ√QṚÐṚ “*wicked, evil” ✧ GL/28

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√qṛđ > cwardh[kʷṝð] > [kʷarð] > [kʷarθ]✧ GL/28

Variations

  • cward ✧ GL/28 (cward); GL/28 (cward)

ulc

adjective. bad, evil, wicked

Changes

  • ŷl/ulolch “bad” ✧ PE13/115

Cognates

  • Eq. ulka “evil; bad, wicked, wrong”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√ULU “*negative”
  • ᴱ✶ulkā ✧ PE13/115

Element in

  • G. ulcoth “wickedness” ✧ GL/74
  • G. ulcarm “sin” ✧ GL/74

Variations

  • olch ✧ PE13/115
  • ulch ✧ PE13/115
  • ŷl/ul ✧ PE13/115 (ŷl/ul)
Gnomish [GL/20; GL/74; PE13/115] Group: Eldamo. Published by

faig

adjective. cruel

Changes

  • fwaigfaig ✧ GL/33

Cognates

  • Eq. maika “cruel” ✧ GL/33

Derivations

Element in

  • G. faigri “cruelty” ✧ GL/33

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ✶smaika- > faig[smaika] > [smaik] > [smaig] > [faig]✧ GL/33

Variations

  • fwaig ✧ GL/33 (fwaig)

fêg

adjective. bad, poor, wretched

Cognates

  • Eq. faika “bad, worthless, useless” ✧ GL/34

Derivations

Element in

  • G. fectha- “to destroy, ruin, spoil” ✧ GL/34
  • G. fecthi “less bad; baddish, naughty” ✧ GL/34
  • G. fegla “worse” ✧ GL/34
  • G. nin·ista feg “I feel ill” ✧ GL/52
  • G. emfeg “infamous, of evil name” ✧ GL/32

Variations

  • feg ✧ GG/16; GL/32 (feg); GL/34; GL/52; PE13/114
  • [fe]ch ✧ PE13/114
Gnomish [GG/16; GL/32; GL/34; GL/52; PE13/114] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

bad

noun. way

Early Noldorin [PE13/120; PE13/137; PE13/160] Group: Eldamo. Published by

feg

adjective. bad, bad, [G.] poor, wretched

Derivations

Early Noldorin [PE13/125; PE13/143] Group: Eldamo. Published by

adob

noun. building

Derivations

  • ᴱ✶atāqa “to build, establish” ✧ PE13/132; PE13/136; PE13/158
    • ᴱ√TAQA “fashion”

Element in

  • En. edebion “builder” ✧ PE13/158
Early Noldorin [PE13/132; PE13/136; PE13/158; PE13/165] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhant

noun. path

Element in

  • En. uvlant “pathless” ✧ PE13/155 (uvlant)

Variations

  • lant ✧ PE13/155 (lant)
Early Noldorin [PE13/148; PE13/155] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

falka

adjective. bad

qarda

adjective. bad

Cognates

  • G. cwarth “evil, bad, wicked” ✧ GL/28

Derivations

  • ᴱ√QṚÐṚ “*wicked, evil” ✧ QL/078

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√QṚŘṚ > qarda[kʷṝðā] > [kʷṝða] > [kʷarða] > [kʷarda]✧ QL/078

Variations

  • Qarda ✧ PE15/32
Early Quenya [GL/28; PE15/32; PME/078; QL/078] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kie

noun. path

ulka

adjective. evil; bad, wicked, wrong

Cognates

  • G. ulc “bad, evil, wicked”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√ULU “*negative” ✧ QL/097

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√ULU² > ulca[ulkā] > [ulka]✧ QL/097

Variations

  • ulqa ✧ PE14/048; PE14/081; PE15/70; PE15/72
  • ulca ✧ QL/097
Early Quenya [PE14/048; PE14/081; PE15/32; PE15/70; PE15/72; QL/097] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ulqa

adjective. evil

faika

adjective. bad, worthless, useless

Cognates

  • G. fêg “bad, poor, wretched” ✧ GL/34

Derivations

Element in

  • Eq. faikar “destroyer, slayer; bane” ✧ GL/34

Variations

  • faika ✧ GL/34; PE14/048; PE14/081; PE15/70
  • falka ✧ PE16/137
Early Quenya [GL/34; PE14/048; PE14/081; PE15/70; PE16/137] Group: Eldamo. Published by

maika

adjective. cruel

Cognates

  • G. faig “cruel” ✧ GL/33

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ✶smaika- > maika[smaikā] > [smaika] > [maika]✧ GL/33
Early Quenya [GL/33] Group: Eldamo. Published by

naswa

adjective. nasty

Derivations

  • ᴱ√NASA “taste nasty” ✧ QL/064

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√NASA > naswa[naswā] > [naswa]✧ QL/064
Early Quenya [QL/064] Group: Eldamo. Published by