Sindarin 

calen

adjective. green; fresh, vigorous; †bright, green; †bright, [N.] bright-coloured; [S.] fresh, vigorous

Sindarin [Let/282; PE17/077; PE17/120; PE17/153; RC/349; SA/calen; SA/kal; UT/281; VT42/19] Group: Eldamo. Published by

calen

adjective. green

Sindarin [Ety/362, S/429, Letters/282, RC/349, VT/42:19] Etym. "bright-coloured". Group: SINDICT. Published by

calen

green

(galen) _ adj. _green (fresh, vigorous). galen after a sg. noun. Q. kălina (lit. illumined) sunny, light.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:77:153] < GAL. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

calen

green

1) (etymologically "bright") calen (lenited galen), pl. celin (attested in lenited form in the name Pinnath **Gelin, "Green Ridges"). 2) laeg (fresh), no distinct pl. form. (Note: a homophone means ”keen, sharp, acute”.) In the Woodland dialect lêg, whence leg- in the name Legolas** ”Greenleaf” (Lettters:282, 386).

calen

green

(lenited galen), pl. celin (attested in lenited form in the name Pinnath Gelin, "Green Ridges").

gail

bright

gail (light), lenited ngail; no distinct pl. form (VT45:18). The adj. calen etymologically means "bright", but is used = "green" (q.v.).

gail

bright

(light), lenited ngail; no distinct pl. form (VT45:18). The adj. calen etymologically means "bright", but is used = "green" (q.v.).

glân

adjective. bright, shining white

The word is deduced from its mutated form, but it is worth mentioning that a stem GALÁN "bright", with glan "daylight" (and later "clear") as derivative, is listed in the Etymologies (not included in the published text, but see VT/45:13). Most of the words meaning "white" in the Indo-Eureopean languages come from the original notion of "brightness", e.g. Greek leukós "white" is cognate with Latin lucere "to shine", lux "light". This association of sense is also found in Gnomish, PE/11:39 (glan "clean, pure", from "bright" originally) and in Early Noldorin (PE/13:144, glann "clean"). The similarity with Welsh glan (where the vowel, incidentally, is also long, though this is concealed by Welsh orthographic convention) is also striking

Sindarin [Curunír 'Lân UT/390] Group: SINDICT. Published by

laeb

adjective. green

_ adj. _green. A theoretical equivalent to Q. laiqua but that did not exist in Sindarin.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:153] < _laiqua_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

laeg

green

_ adj. _green. >> Legolas

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:84] < _laikā_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

laeg

adjective. green

_ adj. _green (of leaves, herbage). Q. laika.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:159] < LAY. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

gîl

bright spark

(i ngîl = i ñîl, construct gil) (star, silver glint), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gîl = i ñgîl), coll. pl. *giliath** (RGEO, MR:388)*

laeg

green

(fresh), no distinct pl. form. (Note: a homophone means ”keen, sharp, acute”.) In the Woodland dialect lêg, whence leg- in the name Legolas ”Greenleaf” (Lettters:282, 386). 

lasgalen

leaf-green

(pl. lesgelin).

Noldorin 

calen

adjective. green, (orig.) bright-coloured

Noldorin [Ety/KAL; LR/305] Group: Eldamo. Published by

calen

adjective. green

Noldorin [Ety/362, S/429, Letters/282, RC/349, VT/42:19] Etym. "bright-coloured". Group: SINDICT. Published by

calembel

place name. Calembel

An earlier name for S. Parth Galen that appeared in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (TI/382), also appearing in variant forms Calenbel (TI/371), Calledin (WR/301) and Calembrith (WR/307). These forms all seem to contain N. calen “green”, but the meaning of the second element not entirely clear; Roman Rausch offered several suggestions in his analysis of these forms (EE/3.32). The name S. Calembel was later used for the name of a town in Gondor.

Noldorin [TI/371; TI/382; TII/Calembel; TII/Calenbel; WR/301; WR/307; WRI/Calembel] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Quendya 

ezel(la)

adjective. green

Nandorin 

lego

adjective. green

Nandorin [Let/282; PE17/153] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Primitive elvish

kalinā

adjective. bright

Primitive elvish [PE22/136] Group: Eldamo. Published by

laikā

adjective. green

Primitive elvish [Let/282] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Quenya 

calima

bright

calima adj. "bright" (VT42:32); cf. ancalima; in PE17:56, arcalima appears as another superlative "brightest" (see ar- #2).

ezel

green

ezel, ezella adj. "green" (in Vanyarin Quenya only). Adopted and adapted from Valarin. (WJ:399)

ezel(la)

adjective. green

laica

green

laica (1) adj. "green" (in older sources laiqua) (Letters:282, PE17:159). Laicolassë (laica + #olassë) "green-foliage" (PE17:46), Quenya cognate of Sindarin Laegolas (dialectal form Legolas); compare olassië. Adj. laicalassë "green as leaves", literally "green-leaf" (PE17:56).

laica

adjective. green

Quenya [Let/282; PE17/056; PE17/084; PE17/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

laiqua

green

laiqua ("q")adj. "green" (LÁYAK, LT1:267, MC:214), "Qenya" pl. laiquali ("q")(MC:216). Occurs in the phrase laiqua'ondoisen ("q") "green-rocks-upon" (MC:221; this is "Qenya"), Laiqualassë ("q") masc. name "Legolas" (Greenleaf) (LT1:267). Used as noun in the phrase mi laiqua of somebody clad "in green" (PE17:71). In later material, the word for "green" appears as laica, and the cognate of Legolas is said to be Laicolassë, q.v. (PE17:56)

laiqua

adjective. green

Quenya [CPT/1296; PE17/071; PE17/084; PE17/153] Group: Eldamo. Published by

wenya

green, yellow-green, fresh

wenya adj. "green, yellow-green, fresh" (GWEN), apparently "fair, beautiful" ("probably originally "fresh, fair, unblemished especially of beauty of youth") in a later deleted note (PE17:191).


Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Middle Primitive Elvish

galan

root. bright

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/GAL¹] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

laib

adjective. green

Gnomish [GL/39; GL/52; LT1A/Tári-Laisi; PE15/28] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

lhaiw

adjective. green

Early Noldorin [PE13/148] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

laika

adjective. green

laiqa

adjective. green

Early Quenya [GL/39; LT1A/Tári-Laisi; MC/214; MC/216; MC/221; PE14/083; PE15/28; PE16/056; PE16/062; PE16/065; PE16/072; PE16/074; PE16/077; PE16/100; PE16/104; PE16/139; PME/052; QL/052; VT40/08] Group: Eldamo. Published by

selka

adjective. bright

Early Quenya [PME/083; QL/083] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Qenya 

laiqa

adjective. green

Doriathrin

gelion

adjective. bright

An adjective meaning “bright” derived from the root ᴹ√GAL, the basis of the river name Gelion (Ety/GYEL). There isn’t enough information to deduce its primitive form, but Helge Fauskanger suggested ✱✶galjānā (AL-Ilkorin/gelion), which seems reasonably plausible.

Doriathrin [Ety/GYEL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gwene

adjective. green

An adjective for “green” derived from the root ᴹ√GWEN (Ety/GWEN). Its Quenya cognate ᴹQ. wenya suggests its primitive form was ✱✶gwenyā [gwenjā]. If so, it is an example of how, after [[ilk|final [a] was lost]], the [[ilk|final [j] became [i]]] and then became [e], as suggested by Helge Fauskanger (AL-Ilkorin/gwene).

Doriathrin [Ety/GWEN] Group: Eldamo. Published by