An “old short allative” form appear in the Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s with suffixal -r, with both monosyllabic mar and longer mardar (PE21/25, 27). Tolkien said the longer for mardar was “less usual” (PE21/27), but it is more distinct from már “home”. This allative variant is probably related to ᴹQ. tar “thither” < ᴹ✶tad from later in the 1930s (Ety/TA; PE19/52).
Qenya
mar
noun. home, dwelling, house, habitation; earth
mardil
masculine name. Mardil
martalmar
place name. Roots of the Earth
mar(dar)
adverb. homewards
marre
adverb. at home
A pair of locative variants marre, marye from the Declension of Nouns of the early 1930s, the first derived from ᴹ✶mardasē, and the second from ᴹQ. mar “house” + ᴹQ. ye “at” (PE21/27).
Neo-Quenya: In Tolkien’s later writing, the sound changes producing marre from ᴹ✶mardasē are rather dubious, but I think ᴺQ. maryë “at home” might remain viable as an abstract adverbial form. I would also use maryë in the sense “✱indoors”, inspired by ᴱQ. indoite “at home, indoors” (QL/43).
marta
noun/adjective. fated, fey; fate
martan(o)
masculine name. Earth-smith, Earthbuilder
mar vanwa tyaliéva
place name. Cottage of the Lost Play
maranwe
noun. destiny
martya-
verb. to destine
mar-
verb. to abide
maril
noun. glass, crystal
marta
adverb. home
marya
adjective. pale, fallow, fawn [light yellowish tan colour]
marye
adverb. at home
mára
adjective. good (of things), useful, fit
umbar
noun. fate, doom
ambar
noun. fate
talmar ambaren
place name. Roots of the Earth
melko mardello lende: márie
Melko has gone from Earth: it is good.
súlime
noun. March
tehta
noun. mark (in writing), sign, diacritic
nókoire
noun. March, *After-stirring
veru
collective noun. husband and wife, married pair
A noun appearing as ᴹQ. veru “husband and wife, married pair” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶besū under the root ᴹ√BES “wed” (Ety/BES). It seems to be an intrinsically dual word. It also appeared as an element in the name ᴹQ. Are Veruen “Day of the Spouses”, but under the entry where this word appeared the form was derived from ᴹ✶Bedū, reflecting a variant (and apparently abandoned) root ᴹ√BED (Ety/LEP).
Conceptual Development: The dual form ᴱQ. veringwi “husband and wife” appeared in the Early Qenya Grammar of the 1920s (PE14/77). The same form appeared in the English-Qenya Dictionary of the same period with the gloss “married pair, husband and wife”, where it was apparently related to the adjective ᴱQ. verin “married” (PE15/75).
Neo-Quenya: ᴹQ. veru “married pair” collides with the later word Q. veru “husband”, so for purposes of Neo-Quenya I would adapt the Early Quenya form as ᴺQ. verinu “married pair” to reflect later Quenya dual formations.
vesta-
verb. to wed, to wed, *marry
Tolkien used a variety of similar verbs for “to marry” throughout his life. The earliest of these was ᴱQ. vesta- “to wed” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√VEŘE [VEÐE] (QL/101). This verb reappeared in the English-Qenya Dictionary with the gloss “join (others) in marriage”, where Tolkien said it could be used reflexively to mean “get married”, and reflexively with the ᴱQ. va preposition to mean “get married with ...” (PE15/75). The verb ᴹQ. vesta- “to wed” reappeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s as a derivative of the root {ᴹ√BED >>} ᴹ√BES of the same meaning (Ety/BES).
Up until this stage, all the primitive “marry” roots produce vesta- in combination with the verbal suffix -ta: all of VEÐ+tā, BED+tā, BES+tā > vesta-. At some point in the late 1960s, Tolkien decided the root for “marriage” words was √BER, and he coined a new pair of “marry” verbs based on this root: transitive Q. verta- “to give in marriage (a) to (b), or to take as husband or wife to oneself” and intransitive Q. verya- “to marry (of husband and wife), be joined to” (VT49/45). The form verta- rather than ᴱQ./ᴹQ. vesta- is a consequence of this new version of the root.
Neo-Quenya: For purpose of Neo-Eldarin, I prefer to retain the 1930s form of the root ᴹ√BES in order to keep attested Sindarin/Noldorin forms. As such I would use the 1930s verb form ᴹQ. vesta- for “to wed, marry”. Note that while late 1960s intransitive Q. verya- is compatible with ᴹ√BES, it clashes with 1930s ᴹQ. verya- “to dare” (< ᴹ√BER “valiant”). Therefore I would use vesta- both transitively and intransitively for “to marry”, though in the intransitive past I’d treat it as a half-strong verb: verenten “I got married” vs. vestanen verunya “I married my husband”.
réna
noun. edge, border, margin
tatalla-
verb. to admire, wonder at (the excellence of), marvel
tek-
verb. to write, to write, [ᴱQ.] write on; to mark
vanta
noun. walk, walk, *hike, march
mál
noun. grit
A word in Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s glossed “grit” with various forms representing the inflections of nouns with lost ancient vowels: malǝ- (PE21/19, 24). It may be a later iteration of ᴱQ. mar (mard-) “grit, course grain or powder” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, a derivative of the root ᴱ√MṚŘṚ [MṚÐṚ] “grind” (QL/63). Later still Tolkien gave the primitive form ✶smalŭ with the gloss “dust, grit” in Common Eldarin: Noun Structure (EVS2) from the early 1950s, though this primitive form had no derivatives.
Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I prefer to use ᴹ✶smalu with its 1930s sense “pollen, yellow powder”, as this form has derivatives in The Etymologies (Ety/SMAL), and its root meaning ᴹ√SMAL “yellow” is a better match to the later root √MAL “yellow, gold”. I think it is possible to retain ᴹQ. mál “grit”, however, by assuming that it is a derivative of ᴹ√MBAL “✱pound”, which is a better match with 1910s ᴱQ. mar < ᴱ√MṚÐṚ “grind”.
tenna
noun. a letter
var-
verb. to err
vestale
noun. wedding
aire
noun. sea
airen
noun. sea
earen
noun. sea
falasse
noun. beach
falle
noun. foam
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “foam” derived from the root ᴹ√PHAL of the same meaning (Ety/PHAL).
hana
noun. post
hyelle
noun. glass
hún
noun. earth, earth, *ground
A word in the Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s with stem form hun- and gloss “earth” (QL/39). It might be a later iteration of ᴱQ. han “ground, earth” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/39), and if so then hún might also be used as “✱ground”. I think it is useful to assume so for purposes of Neo-Quenya, as the other attested word for “ground”, Q. talan, is probably used more often for “floor”, including floors above the ground level.
litse
noun. sand
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “sand” derived from the root ᴹ√LIT (Ety/ERE). Its Noldorin cognate N. lith was in later writings glossed as S. lith “ash”, so it is possible this word also shifted in meaning, but Helge Fauskanger used the neologism ᴺQ. littë for “ash” in his NQNT (NQNT) to keep the two words distinct, an approach that I also advocate.
luina
adjective. pale
má
noun. hand
má
noun. land, region
no
preposition. under
nu
preposition. under
olombo
noun. horse
A word for horse in The Etymologies of the 1930s, derived from the root ᴹ√LOP (EtyAC/LOP). This root did not appear in The Etymologies as published in The Lost Road, but Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne reported it in their Addenda and Corrigenda to the Etymologies (VT45/28). Tolkien first gave the root as ᴹ√LOB, and it seems the form olombo was derived from this earlier form, and was not updated after {ᴹ√LOB >>} ᴹ√LOP, as pointed out by Hostetter and Wynne.
Conceptual Development: The word ᴱQ. lópa “steed, horse” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s as a derivative of the early root ᴱ√LOPO that was the basis for “horse” words in the Qenya Lexicon (QL/56).
Neo-Quenya: Given the dubious derivation of olombo, I recommend limiting yourself to better attested Q. rocco “horse” for purposes of Neo-Quenya. If you do use it, it should probably be revised to ✱olompo.
taura
adjective. mighty
vainar
noun. sailor
ve
preposition. with
vea
noun. sea
veaner
noun. sailor
war-
verb. to err
The “veins of the world” in some cosmological notes from the 1930s (SM/241-2, 255), also appearing in The Etymologies as combination of mar “world” and the plural of talma “root” (Ety/TAL).