Quenya 

rasta

cardinal. twelve

#rasta cardinal "twelve" (isolated from yurasta_ "24", two times 12; cf. the stem RÁSAT "twelve" listed in the Etymologies). See yunquë. (PE14:17)_

yuncë

cardinal. twelve

yuncë ("k") cardinal "twelve", before it was altered to yunquë under the influence of minquë "eleven" (according to VT48:7, 8). The form yuncë is asterisked by Tolkien. Compare encë under enquë.

yunquë

cardinal. twelve

yunquë ("q") cardinal "twelve" (VT47:41, VT48:4, 6, 9; VT49:57; also compare the stem yunuk(w)-_ cited in VT42:24, 31). This word appears already in an early source (PE14:82)_. Some sources point to #rasta, q.v., as another word for "twelve". However, available post-LotR sources indicate that Tolkien intended yunquë as the regular Quenya word for "twelve".

yunquë

cardinal. twelve

Cognates

  • S. ýneg “twelve” ✧ PE17/095; VT47/41; VT48/06; VT48/08
  • T. yúnecë “twelve” ✧ VT48/09; VT47/41; VT48/06; VT48/08

Derivations

  • ✶yūnekē “twelve, 2 sixes” ✧ VT47/41; VT48/08; VT48/09; VT48/10

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
✶yūneke > yunque[jūneke] > [juŋkwe]✧ VT47/41
✶yū-(e)nekē > yunke > yunque[jūnekē] > [juŋkwe]✧ VT48/08
✶yū(e)neke > yunekwe > yunque[jūneke] > [juŋkwe]✧ VT48/09

Variations

  • yunque ✧ PE17/095; VT47/41; VT48/06; VT48/07; VT48/08; VT48/09; VT48/10
Quenya [PE17/095; VT47/41; VT48/06; VT48/07; VT48/08; VT48/09; VT48/10] Group: Eldamo. Published by

yurasta

cardinal. twelve

yurasta cardinal "24" (two times #rasta "twelve") (PE14:17)

Sindarin 

avgaro

prefix. imp

pref. & v. imp. do not do it!

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:143] prob. < ABA + ?. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

cuio

verb. imp

v. imp. live. Cuio i Pheriain anann 'May the Halflings live long'.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:102] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

edro

verb. imp

v. imp. of edra-open. annon edhellen edro hi ammen! 'Elvish gate open now for us'. >> edra-

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:45] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

eglerio

verb. imp

v. imp. glorify.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:102] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

imp

cardinal. twelve

Sindarin [PE/17:95] Group: SINDICT. Published by

imp

cardinal. twelve

_ card. _twelve. Q. yunque. imp << iug. >> imp. This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:95] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

lasto

imp

v. imp. of lasta-give ear, listen. fennas nogothrim lasto beth lammen 'doorway of the Dwarf-folk listen to the words of my tongue'. >> lasta-

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:46] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

minno

verb. imp

v. imp. of minna- enter. Pedo mellon a minno! 'Say friend and enter'. >> minna-

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:41] < MI in. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

pedo

verb. imp

v. imp. of ped- say. Pedo mellon a minno! 'Say friend and enter'. >> ped-

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:40] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

tíro

verb. imp

_ v. imp. _look. >> tíria, tirith

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:95] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

inib

cardinal. twelve

Sindarin [VT/47:41, VT/48:6,8,12] Dual of *enek "six", CE yûneke, Q. yunke, T. yûnece. Group: SINDICT. Published by

yneb

cardinal. twelve

Sindarin [VT/47:41, VT/48:6,8,12] Dual of *enek "six", CE yûneke, Q. yunke, T. yûnece. Group: SINDICT. Published by

yneg

cardinal. twelve

Sindarin [VT/47:41, VT/48:6,8,12] Dual of *enek "six", CE yûneke, Q. yunke, T. yûnece. Group: SINDICT. Published by

ýneg

cardinal. twelve

Sindarin [VT/47:41, VT/48:6,8,12] Dual of *enek "six", CE yûneke, Q. yunke, T. yûnece. Group: SINDICT. Published by

ýneg

cardinal. twelve

ýneg (VT47:41, VT48:6, 8, 12)

ýneg

cardinal. twelve

Changes

  • iug → imp ✧ PE17/095

Cognates

  • Q. yunquë “twelve” ✧ PE17/095; VT47/41; VT48/06; VT48/08
  • T. yúnecë “twelve” ✧ VT48/09

Derivations

  • ✶yūnekē “twelve, 2 sixes” ✧ VT47/41; VT48/08; VT48/09

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
✶yūneke > ýneg[jūneke] > [ȳneke] > [ȳnek] > [ȳneg]✧ VT47/41

Variations

  • imp ✧ PE17/095 (imp)
  • iug ✧ PE17/096 (iug)
  • yneg ✧ VT48/08; VT48/09
Sindarin [PE17/095; PE17/096; VT47/41; VT48/06; VT48/08; VT48/09] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ýneg

twelve

(VT47:41, VT48:6, 8, 12)

Telerin 

yúnecë

cardinal. twelve

Changes

  • yūnec(e) → iūnec(e) ✧ VT48/21

Cognates

  • Q. yunquë “twelve” ✧ VT48/09; VT47/41; VT48/06; VT48/08
  • S. ýneg “twelve” ✧ VT48/09

Derivations

  • ✶yūnekē “twelve, 2 sixes” ✧ VT47/41; VT48/08; VT48/09

Variations

  • yūnece ✧ VT47/41; VT48/06
  • yúnec(e) ✧ VT48/08
  • yūnec(e) ✧ VT48/09; VT48/21 (yūnec(e))
  • iūnec(e) ✧ VT48/21
Telerin [VT47/41; VT48/06; VT48/08; VT48/09; VT48/21] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

-rasta

suffix. twelve

Derivations

Element in

Middle Primitive Elvish

rasat

root. twelve

The root ᴹ√RÁSAT “twelve” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s, and students of Elvish long supposed that its unattested derivative ✱rasta was the Quenya word for “twelve”. In later publications, however, the Quenya word for “twelve” was given as yunquë (VT47/41), derived from primitive ✶yūnekē.

This word yunquë dates back to Early Quenya, first appearing as ᴱQ. yunqe in the Early Qenya Grammar from the 1920s (PE14/82), so it is likely that the √RASAT “twelve” co-existed with ✶yūnekē when that root was introduced in the 1930s. In currently published materials, rasta only appears as a suffix in yurasta “twenty four” (twice-twelve) in a discussion of the Elvish duodecimal (base twelve) counting system, also probably from the 1930s (PE14/17). It may be that ✶yūnekē was used for the general word for “twelve”, while √RASAT was used for “groups of twelve” as part of this duodecimal system. If so, it may have only been used as a suffix in grouping words in this counting system.

Derivatives

Variations

  • RÁSAT ✧ Ety/RÁSAT
  • rasat ✧ PE14/017
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/RÁSAT; PE14/017] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

yunqe

cardinal. twelve

Element in

Early Quenya [PE14/049; PE14/082] Group: Eldamo. Published by