Primitive elvish
kar
root. do, make, build, do, make, build, [ᴹ√] construct
Derivatives
- S. caras “city, fort or dwelling surrounded by bulwarks, circular earthwall with dike, city, [N.] city (built above ground); [S.] (orig.) fort or dwelling surrounded by bulwarks, circular earthwall with dike” ✧ PE17/084
- ✶kar- “do, make” ✧ PE18/095
- ᴺQ. caira “eager [to do]”
- ᴺQ. car “act, an action”
- Q. caraitë “active, busy, active, busy; [ᴹQ.] able to make, handy, crafty, craftsmanlike, skilled” ✧ PE22/155
- Q. carasse “built fort or dwelling surrounded by bulwarks” ✧ PE17/084
- Q. carasta- “to build, to build, construct” ✧ PE17/084
- Q. cárima “feasible, possible (to do), able to be done, feasible, possible (to do), able to be done, [ᴹQ.] able to be made” ✧ PE22/155
- Q. carma “tool, implement, means, weapon” ✧ PE17/114
- ᴺS. carf “tool, implement, weapon”
- ᴺS. caur “action, doing, making; verb”
- ᴺS. ceiria- “to cause, bring about”
- ᴺS. cranna- “to accomplish, finish, complete, [G.] achieve”
Element in
- ᴺQ. carmen “recipe”
Variations
- CAR ✧ PE17/084; PE17/150
Tolkien introduced the root √KAR with the sense “do, make” very early, and it retained this form and meaning for his entire life. It appeared as ᴱ√KARA “do, make” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/45), as ᴹ√KAR “make, build, construct” in The Etymologies of the 1930s (Ety/KAR), and in numerous other places in various notes, including a last known appearance in verbal notes from 1969 as √KAR “do” (PE22/155). Though its exact set of derivatives varied over time, the root itself was extremely stable in Tolkien’s mind.