ronda

solid, firm

ronda adj. "solid, firm" (PE17:183)

ron(go)

adverb. soon

Cognates

• ᴺS. rong “soon”

Derivations

• √ROÑ “*soon”

Element in

• ᴺQ. arrongo “right away, promptly, very soon”

Variations

• ron ✧ PE22/132
• rongo ✧ PE22/132
• rong[a?] ✧ PE22/132

rato

soon

rato adv. "soon" (Arct)

ron (rongo)

adverb. soon

tel

roof

tel noun "roof" (LT1:268). Rather tópa in Tolkiens later Quenya.

tópa

roof

tópa noun "roof" (TOP)

tópa-

roof

tópa- vb. "roof" (TOP)

rotto

cave, tunnel

rotto noun "cave, tunnel" (VT46:12), "a small grot or tunnel" (PM:365)

rotelë

cave

rotelë noun "cave" (LT2:347)

psar

verb. rub

rub

felco

cave, mine, underground dwelling

felco noun "cave, mine, underground dwelling" (PE17:118); also felca, felehta

felya

cave

felya noun "cave" (PHÉLEG), "mine, boring, tunnel, underground dwel[ling]" (PE17:118)

ron

verb. smooth by polishing

v. smooth by polishing. Q. runda smooth, polish. RUN << RON.. This gloss was rejected.

ron

adjective. smoothed by polishing

Cognates

• Q. runda “smooth, polished” ✧ PE17/089

Derivations

• √RUN “rub, grind, smooth, polish, rub, grind, smooth, polish; [ᴹ√] flat of hand or sole of foot” ✧ PE17/089

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√RUN > ron	[runda] > [rond] > [ronn]	✧ PE17/089

rond

noun. cave roof

rond

noun. vaulted or arched roof, as seen from below (and usually not visible from outside), or a (large) hall of chamber so roofed

roth

noun. cave

n. cave. Q. rondo.

groth

noun. cave, tunnel, large excavation

groth

noun. delving, underground dwelling

fela

cave

(pl. fili). In the Etymologies (LR:381 s.v. PHÉLEG) the name Felagund is said to include this word, but since Tolkien later re-explained this name as a borrowing from Dwarvish, some would consider fela as a word for ”cave” conceptually obsolete.

feleg

noun. cave

n. cave, mine, underground dwelling. Q. felco. Q.

rond

cave

(construct ron) (cavern, vault, vaulted ceiling, hall with vaulted roof), pl. rynd (idh rynd), coll. pl. ronnath

rong

adverb. soon

Cognates

• Q. ron(go) “soon”

Derivations

• √ROÑ “*soon”

othronn

fortress in a cave/caves

(pl. ethrynn for archaic öthrynn) (underground stronghold). Cited in archaic form othrond in the source (WJ:414).

tobas

roof, roofing

(i** dobas, o thobas), pl. tebais (i** thebais) for archaic pl. töbais (VT46:19)

orthel

roof

(verb.) orthel- (i orthel, in erthelir for archaic in örthelir) (screen above);

orthel

roof

(i orthel, in erthelir for archaic in örthelir) (screen above); 

roth

cave

(delving, large excavation), pl. ryth, 4) gathrod (i ’athrod), pl. gethryd (i ngethryd = i ñethryd)

rû²

adverb. soon, anon

Derivations

• √ROÑ “*soon”

telu

roof

(noun, high roof) telu (i delu, o thelu) (dome), pl. tely (i thely);

telu

roof

(i delu, o thelu) (dome), pl. tely (i thely);

groth

cave

(i ’roth) (delving, large excavation), pl. gryth (in gryth) (VT46:12)

grôd

cave

1) grôd (i **rôd, construct grod) (delving, excavation, underground dwelling), pl. grŷd (in grŷd) (WJ:414), 2) groth (i **roth) (delving, large excavation), pl. gryth (in gryth) (VT46:12), 3) rond (construct ron) (cavern, vault, vaulted ceiling, hall with vaulted roof), pl. rynd (idh rynd), coll. pl. ronnath, 4) roth (delving, large excavation), pl. ryth, 4) gathrod (i **athrod), pl. gethryd (i ngethryd = i ñethryd), 5) fela (pl. fili). In the Etymologies (LR:381 s.v. PHÉLEG) the name Felagund is said to include this word, but since Tolkien later re-explained this name as a borrowing from Dwarvish, some would consider fela** as a word for ”cave” conceptually obsolete.

grôd

cave

(i ’rôd, construct grod) (delving, excavation, underground dwelling), pl. grŷd (in grŷd) (WJ:414)

toba

roof over

(i** doba, i** thobar) (cover). Cited as a ”Noldorin” infinitive in -o (tobo).**

rhûd

artificial cave

(construct rhud, with article ?i thrûd or ?i rûd – *the lenition product of rh- is uncertain) (dwelling underground, rockhewn hall, mine), pl. rhuid (?idh ruid). (PM:365)*

psar-

verb. rub

ron

root. arch over, roof in

This root first appeared as ᴹ√ROD “roof, cave” in The Etymologies of the 1930s with derivatives like N. rosta- “to hollow out, excavate” and ᴹQ. rondo/N. rhonn “cave”, having instead the sense “domed roof” in Ilk. rond which served as the basis for (at the time Ilkorin) name Ilk. Elrond = “vault of heaven” (Ety/ROD; EtyAC/ROD). In the Quendi and Eldar essay from 1959-60, Tolkien instead had the second element of this name as S. rond “a vaulted or arched roof as seen from below (and usually not visible from outside); a (large) hall or chamber so roofed” as a derivative of ✱rono “arch over, roof in” (WJ/414).

Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I think it is best to assume this root was √ROD, because some of its early forms (rosta-) can be derived from this root but not later RON(D)-.

Derivatives

• ✶rondō “vaulted roof or chamber; cave; †heavens” ✧ WJ/414
  • Q. rondo “vaulted or arched roof, vaulted hall, vaulted or arched roof, vaulted hall; [ᴹQ.] cavern, cave” ✧ WJ/414
  • S. rond “(vaulted or arched) roof; vaulted chamber or cavern; heavens [as a roof of the world]” ✧ WJ/414
• Q. rondo “vaulted or arched roof, vaulted hall, vaulted or arched roof, vaulted hall; [ᴹQ.] cavern, cave” ✧ VT39/09

Variations

• ron ✧ VT39/09
• rono ✧ WJ/414; WJ/415

ron

root. solid, tangible, firm

A root in Quenya Notes (QN) from 1957 glossed “solid, tangible, firm” with derivative Q. ronda “solid, firm” (PE17/183). It had a couple variants: √GRON > S. grond “solid, tangible, firm”, also the name of Melkor’s hammer, as well as √SRON > Q. hrón/S. rhû “matter” and Q. hrondo/S. rhond “body”. The root √SRON appeared again with the gloss “flesh, substance, matter” in etymological notes associated with the essay Of Death and the Severance of Fëa and Hrondo from the late 1950s, along with both Q. hrón “matter” and Q. hrondo “physical body” (MR/231 note #26). However, in the title of this essay hrondo was revised to Q. hröa (MR/217), elsewhere derived from primitive ✶srawā (MR/350); see the entry on √SRAW for further discussion (MR/330).

Regarding S. grond: in The Etymologies of the 1930s this word was derived instead from the unglossed root ᴹ√RUD, which had derivatives ᴹQ. runda “rough piece of wood” and ON. runda > N. grond “club” (Ety/RUD); it also had strengthened variant ᴹ√G-RUD (EtyAC/G-RUD).

Neo-Eldarin: Despite the change of Q. hrondo >> Q. hröa, I think √SRON might be retained in the more limited sense “matter” rather than “flesh”, along with related root √(G)RON “solid” from 1957. As for ᴹ√RUD, it might also be retained, with S. grond “solid; club” being a blending of ᴹ√RUD and √(G)RON.

Derivatives

• √GRON ✧ PE17/183
  • S. grond “weighty, ponderous” ✧ PE17/183
• √SRON “flesh, substance, matter, substance, matter, flesh” ✧ PE17/183
  • Q. hrón “matter, substance, flesh; body” ✧ MR/231; PE17/183
  • Q. hrondo “(physical) body, corporeal form” ✧ MR/231; PE17/183
  • S. rhond “body” ✧ PE17/183
  • S. rhû “matter” ✧ PE17/183
• Q. ronda “solid, firm” ✧ PE17/183
• ᴺS. rôn “liver”

Element in

• ᴺQ. ronwa “block, solid piece”

Variations

• RON- ✧ PE17/145
• RON ✧ PE17/183

run

root. rub, grind, smooth, polish, rub, grind, smooth, polish; [ᴹ√] flat of hand or sole of foot

A root appearing in an undated note from around 1968 as part of an explanation for the tree-name S. lebethron, given as {√RON >>} √RUN “rub, grind, smooth, polish”, with a derivatives Q. runda “smooth, polished” and [deleted] ron “smoothed by polishing”, probably Sindarin (PE17/89).

The Etymologies of the 1930s instead had the root ᴹ√RUN “flat of hand or sole of foot” with derivatives like ᴹQ. runya/N. rhein “footprint”, and also as the basis for the final element of ᴹQ. tallune/N. tellen “sole of foot” (Ety/RUN). It’s conceivable the two iterations of the root are related based on the “smoothness” of the hand or foot.

Changes

• RON → RUN ✧ PE17/089

Derivatives

• Q. runda “smooth, polished” ✧ PE17/089
• ᴺS. run- “to rub, grind”
• ᴺS. rûn “polished, burnished, smoothed by polishing”
• S. ron “smoothed by polishing” ✧ PE17/089
• ᴺS. runna- “to polish, burnish”

Variations

• RUN ✧ PE17/089; PE17/183
• RON ✧ PE17/089 (RON)

rond

noun. cave

rhond

noun. cave roof

rhond

noun. vaulted or arched roof, as seen from below (and usually not visible from outside), or a (large) hall of chamber so roofed

rhonn

noun. cave roof

rhonn

noun. vaulted or arched roof, as seen from below (and usually not visible from outside), or a (large) hall of chamber so roofed

rhonn

noun. roof, cave

Cognates

• ᴹQ. rondo “roof; cave, cavern” ✧ Ety/ROD

Derivations

• ᴹ√ROD “roof, cave” ✧ Ety/OS; Ety/ROD

Element in

• N. Aglarond “Caves of Splendour”
• N. Elrond “Starry-dome, Sky”
• N. othrond “underground city, fortress” ✧ Ety/OS; Ety/ROD

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√ROD > rhond > rhonn	[rondo] > [rond] > [r̥ond] > [r̥onn]	✧ Ety/ROD

Variations

• rond ✧ Ety/OS

gathrod

noun. cave

gathrod

noun. cave

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “cave”, apparently a combination of N. gath “cavern” and ᴹ√ROT “tunnel” (Ety/GAT(H)). Its initial element also appeared in the name N. Doriath “Land of the Cave”, but in later writings S. Doriath was redefined as “Land of the Fence” with final element S. iath “fence” (WJ/370), so N. gathrod “cave” was probably abandoned.

Elements

Word	Gloss
gath	“cavern”
ROT	“bore, tunnel”

orthel-

verb. to roof, screen above

fela

noun. cave

fela

noun. cave

Cognates

• ᴹQ. felya “cave” ✧ Ety/PHÉLEG

Derivations

• On. phelga “cave” ✧ Ety/PHÉLEG
  • ᴹ√PHELEG “cave” ✧ Ety/PHÉLEG

Element in

• N. Felagund “Lord of Caves” ✧ Ety/PHÉLEG

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
On. phelga > fela	[pʰelga] > [ɸelga] > [ɸelɣa] > [felɣa] > [felɣ] > [fela]	✧ Ety/PHÉLEG
On. phelga > fili	[pʰelgi] > [ɸelgi] > [ɸelɣi] > [felɣi] > [filɣi] > [filī] > [fili]	✧ Ety/PHÉLEG