úcalima

adjective. dim, murky

úcalima

adjective. dim, murky, dim, murky, *not bright

A word for “dim, murky” in notes from 1969 illustrating the use of the ú- prefix with -ima adjectives, in this case calima “luminous, bright” (PE22/156), hence literally “✱not bright”.

Variations

• úkalima ✧ PE22/156

Fui

night

Fui noun "Night" (PHUY) - variant Hui, which form is probably to be preferred in light of Tolkien's later insight that the related word fuinë (see below) is actually Telerin, the proper Quenya form being huinë.

Hui

night

Hui noun "Night" (PHUY), in earlier "Qenya" defined as "evening" _(MC:214) or"fog, dark, murk, night" (LT1:253)._

lóna

dark

?lóna (4) adj. "dark" (DO3/DŌ). If this is to be the cognate of "Noldorin"/Sindarin dûr, as the context seems to indicate, lóna is likely a misreading for *lóra in Tolkien's manuscript.

lúna

dark

lúna adj. *"dark" in Lúnaturco and Taras Lúna, Quenya names of Barad-dûr (Dark Tower). (PE17:22). In the Etymologies, lúnë "blue" was changed by Tolkien from lúna (VT45:29).

mori

night

mori noun "night" (LT1:261, in Tolkien's later Quenya mórë, morë)

morĭ

adjective. dark

PQ. dark

móri

dark

móri adj. "dark" (MC:221; this is "Qenya"; in Tolkien's later Quenya mórë, morë)

ulca

adjective. dark

dark, gloomy, sinister

fána

white

fána, fánë (1) adj. "white" (Markirya - fánë as a sg. form in may be a misreading). Compare fanya.

fána

adjective. white, white; [ᴹQ.] cloud

@@@ as suggested by Helge Fauskanger, the form fánë “white” in the Markirya poem may be a slip or misreading

Element in

• Q. man cenuva fána cirya? “Who shall see a white ship?” ✧ MC/221
• Q. man tiruva fána cirya? “Who shall heed a white ship?” ✧ MC/222

Variations

• fáne ✧ MC/221; MC/222

fánë

adjective. white

lumbë

gloom, shadow

lumbë noun "gloom, shadow" (LUM)

mori-

dark, black

mori- "dark, black" in a number of compounds (independent form morë, q.v.):Morimando "Dark Mando" = Mandos (MBAD, VT45:33), morimaitë "black-handed" (LotR3:VI ch. 6, VT49:42). Moriquendi "Dark Elves" (SA:mor, WJ:361, 373), Moringotto "Black Foe", Sindarin Morgoth, later name of Melkor. The oldest form is said to have been Moriñgotho (MR:194). In late material, Tolkien is seen to consider both Moringotto and Moricotto _("k") _as the Quenya form of the name Morgoth (VT49:24-25; Moricotto also appears in the ablative, Moricottollo). Morion "the dark one", a title of Morgoth (FS). Morifinwë "dark Finwë", masc. name; he was called Caranthir in Sindarin (short Quenya name Moryo). (PM:353) In the name Morinehtar, translated "Darkness-slayer", the initial element is defined would thus seem to signify "darkness" rather than "dark" as an adjective (see mórë). (PM:384, 385)

morna

dark, black

morna adj. "dark, black" (Letters:282, LT1:261; also used of black hair, PE17:154), or "gloomy, sombre" (MOR). Used as noun in the phrase mi…morna of someone clad "in…black" (PE17:71). In tumbalemorna (Letters:282), q.v. Pl. mornë in Markirya**(the first version of this poem had "green rocks", MC:215, changed to ondolisse mornë** "upon dark rocks" in the final version; see MC:220, note 8).

olo

night

?olo (reading uncertain), possibly a synonym of ló #1, hence noun "night" (VT45:28)

ninquë

white, chill, cold, palid

ninquë adj. "white, chill, cold, palid" (WJ:417, SA:nim, PE17:168, NIK-W - spelt "ninqe" in Etym and in LT1:266, MC:213, MC:220, GL:60), pl. ninqui in Markirya. Compounded in Ninquelótë noun "White-Flower" (SA:nim), = Sindarin Nimloth, the White Tree of Númenor; ninqueruvissë ("q") "white-horse-on" _(MC:216; this is "Qenya", read _ninqueroccossë or *ninquiroccossë in LotR-style Quenya). Normally ninquë would be expected to have the stem-form ninqui-, given the primitive form ¤ninkwi; Ninquelótë rather than *Ninquilótë must be seen as an analogical form.

núla

dark, occult, mysterious

núla ("ñ")adj. "dark, occult, mysterious" (PE17:125)

yaru

gloom, blight

yaru noun "gloom, blight" (GL:37)

ló

night, a night

ló (1) noun "night, a night" (DO3/DŌ, VT45:28)

lúrëa

dark, overcast

lúrëa adj. "dark, overcast" (LT1:259)

hróva

dark, dark brown

hróva adj. "dark, dark brown", used to refer to hair (PE17:154)

nulla

dark, dusky, obscure

nulla adj. "dark, dusky, obscure" (NDUL), "secret" (DUL). See also VT45:11.

nimbë

noun. gloom, sadness

Derivations

• ᴺ✶. DIM “sad, gloomy”

lemba

adjective. sad

Derivations

• ᴹ√DEM “sad, gloomy”

dim

noun. stair

Apparently a word for “stair”, attested only as an element in the name Dimrost “Rainy Stair” (S/220).

Element in

• S. Dimrost “Rainy Stair” ✧ S/220

fain

dim

adj. dim, dimmed (applied to dimmed or fading lights or to things seen in them); filmy, fine-woven, etc. (applied to things that only partially screened light, such as a canopy of young still half-transparent leaves, or textures that veiled but only half-concealed a form).

nim

white

_adj. _white. >> Nimbrethil

nim

white

_adj. _white (usual word). >> nimp, nimras

nim

adjective. white

Cognates

• Q. ninquë “white; chill, cold; pallid” ✧ SA/nim

Derivations

• At. nimbi “white” ✧ PE17/019
  • ✶ninkwi “white, pale”
  • √NIK(W) “(also of) snow, ice, snow, ice; *white” ✧ PE17/168
• ✶ninkwi “white, pale” ✧ PE17/168
  • √NIK(W) “(also of) snow, ice, snow, ice; *white” ✧ PE17/168
• S. nimp “pale, pallid, white, pale, pallid, white; small and frail, [ᴱN.] wan, sickly” ✧ SA/nim
  • √NIK(W) “(also of) snow, ice, snow, ice; *white” ✧ PE17/168
  • ✶nimpĭ “small” ✧ VT48/18
  • √NIP “small (usually with connotation of weakness)” ✧ VT48/18

Element in

• S. Barad Nimras “White Horn Tower” ✧ SA/nim
• S. Ered Nimrais “White Mountains, (lit.) White-horns Mountains” ✧ SA/nim
• S. Nimbrethil “Silver-birches” ✧ PE17/019; PE17/019; SA/nim
• S. Nimloth “White Blossom, Pale Blossom” ✧ SA/nim
• S. Nimras “White Horn” ✧ PE17/168
• S. Nimrodel “Lady of the White Cave”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
At. nimbi > nim	[nimbi] > [nimbe] > [nimb] > [nimm] > [nimm] > [nim]	✧ PE17/019

gwathren

adjective. shadowy, dim

gwathren

adjective. shadowy, dim

A word meaning “shadowy, dim” appearing in The Rivers and Beacon-hills of Gondor of the late 1960s, the adjectival form of gwath “shadow” (VT42/9).

Derivations

• √WATH “*shade, [ᴹ√] shade” ✧ VT42/09

Element in

• S. Ered Wethrin “Mountains of Shadow, (lit.) Shadowy Mountains”

Elements

Word	Gloss
gwath	“shadow, dim light, shadow, dim light, [N.] shade”
-ren	“adjective suffix”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√WATH > gwathren	[watʰrina] > [waθrina] > [gwaθrina] > [gwaθrena] > [gwaθren]	✧ VT42/09
√WATH > gwethrin	[watʰrini] > [waθrini] > [gwaθrini] > [gweθrini] > [gwaθrin]	✧ VT42/09

nûr

adjective. sad

For an earlier discussion, see Klockzo, 4th volume, p. 160 §147: The meaning of Núrnen long remained highly hypothetical. The current definition is based on Christopher Tolkien's index to UT and on the unfinished index of names published in RC. The Gnomish Lexicon listed nur- (nauri) "growl, grumble", nurn "plaint, lament, a complaint" and nurna- "bewail, lament, complain of" (PE/11:61). Likewise, the Qenyaqetsa included a root NURU- with several derivatives with similar meanings (PE/12:68). See also Q. nurrula "mumbling" (from nurru- "murmur, grumble") in the final version of the poem The Last Ark (MC/222-23). Patrick Wynne therefore noted: S. *nûr in Núrnen "Sad Water" is apparently "sad" in the sense "bewailing, lamenting, complaining, grumbling", no doubt a reference to the general mood of the hapless laborers in "the great slave-worked fields" beside the lake. (See Lambengolmor/856-860)

dúath

adjective. dark

_ adj. _dark, black shadow.

dû

night

_ n. _night (when viewed favourably). Q. lóme.

dû

noun. night, dimness; dim, dark, night, dimness; [N.] night-fall, late evening; [S.] dim, dark

Cognates

• Q. lómë “night, dimness, twilight, dusk, darkness, night, dimness, twilight, dusk, darkness, [ᴹQ.] night-time, shades of night, gloom; [ᴱQ.] shadow, cloud” ✧ PE17/152; SA/dú; SA/lómë

Derivations

• ✶dōmē “night, twilight” ✧ PE17/152; SA/dú
  • √DOM “dark, dark, [ᴹ√] faint, dim” ✧ PE17/152

Element in

• S. Deldúwath “Deadly Nightshade, (lit.) Horror of Night-shadow” ✧ SA/dú
• S. dúath “night shadow, dark/black shadow, night shadow, dark/black shadow, [N.] night-shade” ✧ PE17/087; PE17/152; SA/dú
• S. dúlin “nightingale” ✧ SA/dú
• ᴺS. dúvad “supper, dinner”
• S. Nanduhirion “Dimrill Dale, (lit.) Vale of (the Region of) Dim Streams” ✧ PE17/037; RC/269; SA/sîr
• S. tinnu “*twilight, [N.] (starry) twilight, dusk, early night (without moon)”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶dōmē > dû	[dōmē] > [dūme] > [dūme] > [dūm] > [dūv] > [dū]	✧ PE17/152
✶dōmē > dú	[dōmē] > [dūme] > [dūme] > [dūm] > [dūv] > [dū]	✧ SA/dú

Variations

• dú ✧ SA/dú; SA/lómë; SA/sîr

dûr

dark

_ adj. _dark, gloomy, 'hellish'.

fain

noun/adjective. white

fain

noun/adjective. cloud

fain

noun/adjective. white, shimmering, shining; white and shining [thing]; dim, dimmed; filmy, fine-woven; (vague) apparition; cloud, white, shimmering, shining, [N.] radiant; [S.] white and shining [thing]; dim, dimmed; filmy, fine-woven; (vague) apparition; cloud

Cognates

• Q. fanya “(white) cloud, white and shining [thing], (white) cloud, white and shining [thing]; [ᴹQ.] sky; white” ✧ PE17/026; PE17/036

Derivations

• √PHAN “cover, screen, veil; white, (light white) shape; shape, vision” ✧ NM/237; PE17/026; PE17/036; PE17/179
  • √PHA “exhalations (as mists upon water or steams and the like)” ✧ NM/237
• ✶phanyā “*veiled, veiling” ✧ PE17/174
  • √PHAN “cover, screen, veil; white, (light white) shape; shape, vision” ✧ PE17/174
  • √PHA “exhalations (as mists upon water or steams and the like)” ✧ NM/237

Element in

• S. Ar-Feiniel “White Lady”
• S. fanui “cloudy, (lit.) having much cloud” ✧ RC/268
• S. Ras-Arphain

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√phan > fein > fain	[pʰanjā] > [pʰanja] > [ɸanja] > [ɸanja] > [fania] > [fenia] > [feni] > [fein] > [fain]	✧ NM/237
√FAN > fain	[pʰanjā] > [pʰanja] > [ɸanja] > [ɸanja] > [fania] > [fenia] > [feni] > [fein] > [fain]	✧ PE17/026
√PHAN > fain	[pʰanjā] > [pʰanja] > [ɸanja] > [ɸanja] > [fania] > [fenia] > [feni] > [fein] > [fain]	✧ PE17/036
✶phanyā > fain	[pʰanjā] > [pʰanja] > [ɸanja] > [ɸanja] > [fania] > [fenia] > [feni] > [fein] > [fain]	✧ PE17/174
√PHAN > fain	[pʰanjā] > [pʰanja] > [ɸanja] > [ɸanja] > [fania] > [fenia] > [feni] > [fein] > [fain]	✧ PE17/179

fuin

noun. night, dead of night, gloom, darkness

dûr

adjective. dark, sombre

glân

adjective. white, [bright shining] white; [N.] clear; [G.] pure, †bright; [ᴱN.] clean

Derivations

• ᴹ√GALAN “bright”

Element in

• S. Curunír ’Lân “Saruman the White” ✧ UT/390

uilos

noun/adjective. always white, ever white as snow

uilos

noun/adjective. a small white everlasting flower also called simbelmynë or "evermind"

naer

adjective. sad, lamentable

gwathui

adjective. shadowy

silivren

adjective. (white) glittering

gwathra-

verb. to overshadow, dim, veil, obscure

A verb meaning “overshadow, dim, veil, obscure” appearing in The Rivers and Beacon-hills of Gondor of the late 1960s, from the root √WATH (VT42/9).

Derivations

• √WATH “*shade, [ᴹ√] shade” ✧ VT42/09

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√WATH > gwathra-	[watʰra-] > [waθra-] > [gwaθra-]	✧ VT42/09

gwathra-

verb. to overshadow, dim, veil, obscure

dim

gloom

(i dhim) (sadness), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nim). Note: a homophone means ”stair”.

dim

sadness

dim (i dhim) (gloom), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nim) if there are any pl. forms. Note: a homophone means ”stair”.

dim

sadness

(i dhim) (gloom), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nim) if there are any pl. forms. Note: a homophone means ”stair”.

dim

stair

dim (i dhim), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nim), coll. pl. dimmath. Note: a homophone means ”gloom, sadness”.

dim

stair

(i dhim), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nim), coll. pl. dimmath. Note: a homophone means ”gloom, sadness”.

dim

noun. gloom, sadness

Derivations

• ᴹ✶dimbē “gloom, sadness”
  • ᴹ√DEM “sad, gloomy” ✧ EtyAC/DEM; Ety/DEM

gwathra

dim

(verb) gwathra- (i **wathra, in gwathrar**) (overshadow, veil, obscure)

gwathra

dim

(i ’wathra, in gwathrar) (overshadow, veil, obscure)

gwathren

dim

(adj.) gwathren (shadowy), lenited wathren; pl. gwethrin. (A lenited pl. is attested in the name Ered Wethrin, Shadowy Mountains.);

gwathren

dim

(shadowy), lenited ’wathren; pl. gwethrin. (A lenited pl. is attested in the name Ered Wethrin, Shadowy Mountains.);

dem

sad

1) dem (gloomy), lenited dhem, pl. dhim; 2) naer (dreadful, lamentable, woeful); no distinct pl. form. 3) nûr (pl. nuir). Note: homophones mean ”deep” and ”race”.

dem

sad

(gloomy), lenited dhem, pl. dhim

dem

adjective. sad, gloomy

Derivations

• ᴹ✶dimbā “sad, gloomy”
  • ᴹ√DEM “sad, gloomy” ✧ EtyAC/DEM

Element in

• S. Dimbar “*Sad Home”

nimp

white

(nim-) (pale); no distinct pl. form.

auth

dim shape

(spectral or vague apparition), pl. oeth, coll. pl. othath. Note: a homophone means "war, battle".

gwâth

dim light

(i ’wâth; construct gwath) (shadow, shade), pl. gwaith (in gwaith) (UT:261);

graurim

dark people

(VT45:16);

daw

gloom

1) daw (i dhaw) (nighttime), pl. doe (i noe), coll. pl. ?dawath or ?doath; 2) dim (i dhim) (sadness), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nim). Note: a homophone means ”stair”. 3) fuin (darkness, night, dead of night, nightshade). No distinct pl. form. 4) maur (i vaur), pl. moer (i moer) (VT45:35)

daw

gloom

(i dhaw) (nighttime), pl. doe (i noe), coll. pl. ?dawath or ?doath

daw

nighttime

(i dhaw) (gloom), pl. doe (i noe), coll. pl. ?dawath or ?doath.

naer

sad

(dreadful, lamentable, woeful); no distinct pl. form.

nûr

sad

(pl. nuir). Note: homophones mean ”deep” and ”race”.

gwathuirim

shadowy people

(PM:330)

doll

dark

doll (dusky, misty, obscure), lenited noll, pl. dyll. Note: In ”Noldorin”, this word appeared as dolt as well as doll, but the latter seems the best form in S.

doll

dark

(dusky, misty, obscure), lenited noll, pl. dyll. Note: In ”Noldorin”, this word appeared as dolt as well as doll, but the latter seems the best form in S.

donn

shadowy

1) donn (black, swart, swarty, shady) (lenited dhonn, pl. dynn). (VT45:11). Also dunn- in compounds. 2) gwathren (dim), lenited wathren; pl. gwethrin. (A lenited pl. is attested in the name Ered Wethrin, Shadowy Mountains.) 3) gwathui (lenited wathui; no distinct pl. form)

donn

shadowy

(black, swart, swarty, shady) (lenited dhonn, pl. dynn). (VT45:11). Also dunn- in compounds.

dû

night

1) dû (i dhû) (nightfall, dusk, late evening, darkness), pl. dui (i nui) (SD:302), 2) morn (i vorn) (darkness), pl. myrn (i myrn). Note: the word is also used as an adjective ”dark, black” (Letters:386).

dû

night

(i dhû) (nightfall, dusk, late evening, darkness), pl. dui (i nui) (SD:302)

dûr

dark

dûr (sombre), lenited dhûr, pl. duir

dûr

dark

(sombre), lenited dhûr, pl. duir

fain

white

; no distinct pl. form.

fuin

gloom

(darkness, night, dead of night, nightshade). No distinct pl. form.

fuin

night, nightshade, dead of night

(gloom, darkness). No distinct pl. form.

graw

dark

graw (swart), lenited raw, pl. groe. (VT45:16)

graw

dark

(swart), lenited ’raw, pl. groe. (VT45:16)

maur

gloom

(i vaur), pl. moer (i moer) (VT45:35)

morn

dark

morn (black), pl. myrn, lenited vorn. Note: the latter word is also used as a noun ”darkness, night”. (Letters:386)

morn

dark

(black), pl. myrn, lenited vorn. Note: the latter word is also used as a noun ”darkness, night”. (Letters:386)

morn

night

(i vorn) (darkness), pl. myrn (i myrn). Note: the word is also used as an adjective ”dark, black” (Letters:386).

môr

dark

môr (black), lenited vôr, pl. mŷr (Letters:382), also

môr

dark

(black), lenited vôr, pl. m**ŷr* (Letters:382)*, also

faen

white

(radiant). No distinct pl. form.

glân

white

1) glân (clear), lenited lân, pl. glain. (UT:390, VT45:13). Note: a homophone means ”hem, border”. 2) nimp (nim-) (pale); no distinct pl. form. 3) faen (radiant). No distinct pl. form. 4) fain; no distinct pl. form.

glân

white

(clear), lenited ’lân, pl. glain. (UT:390, VT45:13). Note: a homophone means ”hem, border”.

tinnu

early night without a moon

(i dinnu, o thinnu) (dusk, twilight), pl. tinny (i thynny) if there is a pl.

dúath

dark shadow

(i dhúath) (nightshade), pl. dúaith (i núaith);

dúath

nightshade

(i dhúath) (dark shadow), pl. dúaith (i núaith).

gloss

white as snow, dazzling white

(in compounds -los), lenited ’loss; pl. glyss.

guldur

dark sorcery

(i nguldur = i ñuldur), pl. gyldyr (in gyldyr = i ñgyldyr)

gwathren

shadowy

(dim), lenited ’wathren; pl. gwethrin. (A lenited pl. is attested in the name Ered Wethrin, Shadowy Mountains.)

gwathui

shadowy

(lenited ’wathui; no distinct pl. form)

silivren

glittering white

(lenited hilivren; pl. *silivrin**). *Verb

gwathra

overshadow

gwathra- (i **wathra, in gwathrar**) (dim, veil, obscure)

gwathra

overshadow

(i ’wathra, in gwathrar) (dim, veil, obscure)

nimbi

adjective. white

Derivations

• At. nimbi “white”
  • ✶ninkwi “white, pale”
  • √NIK(W) “(also of) snow, ice, snow, ice; *white” ✧ PE17/168

fuinë

noun. gloom

Cognates

• Q. huinë “gloom, (unrelieved) darkness, deep shadow, night shade; dark (as a substance)” ✧ VT41/08

Variations

• fuine ✧ VT41/08

nimbi

adjective. white

About Nimrodel: "Nim is evidently the Telerin word nimbi 'white'." >> Nimrais >> Nimrodel

búrz

adjective. dark

Element in

• Bs. burzum “darkness” ✧ PE17/011; PE17/012
• Bs. Lugbúrz “Dark Tower” ✧ PE17/012; PE17/079

Variations

• burz ✧ PE17/012

búrz

adjective. dark

dâur

noun. gloom

A noun translated as “gloom” derived from the root √DAWAR (SD/423). It is an example of how primitive [[ad|[w] and [j] became [u] and [i] before consonants and finally]], thereby producing diphthongs.

Derivations

• ✶Ad. dāw’r “gloom” ✧ SD/423
  • √Ad. DAWAR “*gloom” ✧ SD/423

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶Ad. dāw’r > dâur	[dāwr] > [dāur]	✧ SD/423

ugrudâ-

verb. to overshadow

A verb translated “overshadow”, given as an example of a derived-verb (SD/439). It appears to contain the element ugru “shadow”, so perhaps the final element -dâ- is a causative verbal suffix.

Elements

Word	Gloss
ugru	“shadow”
-dâ-	“verbal suffix”

Variations

• ugrudā- ✧ SD/439

azan

adjective. dark, dim

Element in

• Kh. Azanulbizar “Dimrill Dale, (lit.) Rills of the Shadows” ✧ PE17/037; RS/466

dom

root. dark, dark, [ᴹ√] faint, dim

This root was the basis for the main Elvish words for “dusk, night”, which was established as Q. lómë in Quenya for most of Tolkien’s life. The earliest form of this root was ᴱ√LOMO in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, unglossed but with various derivatives having to do with “dusk” and “shadow” (QL/55). One notable derivative was ᴱQ. lóme “dusk, gloom, darkness”, which survived in Tolkien’s later writings as “night” and in the 1910s was the basis for ᴱQ. Hisilóme/G. Hithlum “Shadowy Twilights”. Another notable derivative was G. lómin “shady, shadowy, gloomy; gloom(iness)” (GL/45) used in the name G. Dor Lómin, which in the 1910s was translated as “Land of Shadow” (LT1/112).

The “shadow” meaning of this early root seems to have transferred to ᴹ√LUM from The Etymologies of the 1930s, which served as the new basis for N. Hithlum (Ety/LUM), as opposed contemporaneous N. Dor-lómen which was redefined as “Land of Echoes (< ᴹ√LAM via Ilkorin or in later writings, via North Sindarin). The “dusk” sense was transferred to a new root ᴹ√DOM “faint, dim”, which (along with ᴹ√DOƷ) was the basis for the pair words ᴹQ. lóme/N. dû “night” (Ety/DOMO).

These two words for “night” survived in Tolkien’s later writing in both Quenya and Sindarin (Let/308; SA/dú). In notes from the 1940s Tolkien clarified that it “has no evil connotations; it is a word of peace and beauty and has none of the associations of fear or groping that, say, ‘dark’ has for us” (SD/306). The Elves were quite comfortable being under the night sky, dating back to the time when the Elves lived under the stars before the rising of the Sun and the Moon. The root √DOM reappeared in etymologies for star-words from the late 1950s or early 1960s (PE17/152). It appeared again in some very late notes from 1969 where it was glossed “dark” and served as the basis for words meaning “blind” as well as “night”, though this paragraph was rejected (PE22/153, note #50).

Derivatives

• ✶dōmē “night, twilight” ✧ PE17/152
  • Q. lómë “night, dimness, twilight, dusk, darkness, night, dimness, twilight, dusk, darkness, [ᴹQ.] night-time, shades of night, gloom; [ᴱQ.] shadow, cloud” ✧ PE17/152; SA/dú
  • S. dû “night, dimness; dim, dark, night, dimness; [N.] night-fall, late evening; [S.] dim, dark” ✧ PE17/152; SA/dú
• ᴺQ. lomba “blind”
• Q. lomba “blind” ✧ PE22/153
• Q. lómë “night, dimness, twilight, dusk, darkness, night, dimness, twilight, dusk, darkness, [ᴹQ.] night-time, shades of night, gloom; [ᴱQ.] shadow, cloud” ✧ PE22/153
• ᴺS. dom “blind”
• S. dom “blind” ✧ PE22/153

mornā

adjective. dark

Derivations

• √MOR “black, dark, darkness” ✧ Let/382

Derivatives

• Q. morna “black, dark; black of hair, black, dark; black of hair; [ᴹQ.] sombre, gloomy” ✧ Let/382
• S. morn “black, dark; night” ✧ Let/382; WJ/362

dim Reconstructed

root. sad, gloomy

Derivatives

• ᴺQ. nimbë “gloom, sadness”

du Reconstructed

root. dark

Derivatives

• ✶durnu “dark of hue”
  • ᴺQ. nurno “dark, deep (of hue)”
• Q. lúmë “darkness”
• Q. lúna “*dark”

dem

adjective. sad, gloomy

No language indication in the Etymologies, but Noldorin from context and phonological evidence

dem

adjective. sad, gloomy

daw

noun. night-time, gloom

doll

adjective. dark, dusky, obscure

dolt

adjective. dark, dusky, obscure

dûr

adjective. dark

Cognates

• ᴹQ. lóna “dark” ✧ Ety/DOƷ

Derivations

• ᴹ√DOƷ “night” ✧ Ety/DOƷ

Element in

• N. Barad-dûr “Dark Tower”
• N. Dureledh “Dark-elf” ✧ Ety/DOƷ
• N. Durion “Dark-elf” ✧ Ety/DOƷ
• N. Durthang
• N. durgul “sorcery”
• N. Magladhûr “Black-sword”
• N. Ennyn Dûr “Gates of Mordor” ✧ WR/113 (Ennyn Dûr)

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√DOƷ/DÔ > dûr	[dōr] > [dūr]	✧ Ety/DOƷ

Variations

• Dûr ✧ WR/113

fein

noun/adjective. white

fein

noun/adjective. cloud

fuin

noun. night, dead of night, gloom, darkness

maur

noun. gloom

maur

noun. gloom

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “gloom” appearing under the root ᴹ√MOR (Ety/MOR). A nearby primitive form ᴹ✶mǭri is the likely basis for this word as suggested by Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne (EtyAC/MOR), where the primitive ǭ became au as was the usual sound change in both Noldorin and later Sindarin (PE18/46, 96).

Cognates

• ᴹQ. móre “blackness, dark, night” ✧ Ety/MOR

Derivations

• ᴹ✶mǭri “blackness, dark, night” ✧ EtyAC/MOR
  • ᴹ√MOR “*black, dark” ✧ Ety/MOR

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶mǭri > maur	[mǭri] > [mǭre] > [moure] > [maure] > [maur]	✧ EtyAC/MOR

dûr

adjective. dark, sombre

ogol < ogl

gloom

n/adj gloom, gloomy

noer

adjective. sad, lamentable

brassen

adjective. white-hot