turnë pa.t. of tur-(TUR)
Quenya
Turindo
turindo
turnë
turnë
turun
turun
turun, see *turúna
Turucáno
turgon
Turucáno ("k") masc. name "Turgon" (PM:344). The meaning is something like "powerful commander" (see cáno). Another version gives Turondo "lord of stone" as the Q name of Turgon(d). (PE17:115), with a wholly distinct final element.
Turumbar
turumbar
[Turumbar] masc.name (MBARAT; changed by Tolkien to Turambar)
túr
king
túr, tur noun "king" (PE16:138, LT1:260); rather aran in LotR-style Quenya, but cf. the verb tur-. Also compare the final element -tur, -ntur "lord" in names like Axantur, Falastur, Fëanturi, Vëantur (q.v.)
turambar
masculine name. Master of Doom, Master of Fate
A sobriquet adopted by Túrin in defiance of the curse set upon him by Morgoth translated “Master of Doom” (S/217). The first element of this name is tur “master”. The second element resembles the variant form ambar of umbar seen in the phrase a Túrin Turambar turún’ ambartanen “O master of doom by doom mastered”. Elsewhere, however, Tolkien stated that the second element was derived directly from the primitive form ✶ṃbart(ă), with the middle vowel a originally associated with the verbal element tur-: ✶tura-mbar (PE17/104, 124).
Conceptual Development: This name dates back to the earliest Lost Tales (LT2/70). The name ᴱQ. Turambar appeared in the Qenya Lexicon beside a variant form Turamarto (QL/95), but in all the narratives it consistently appeared as Turambar. At the earliest stage, this name was likely a compound of the root ᴱ√TURU (LT1A/Meril-i-Turinqi, QL/95) and ᴱQ. ambar “fate” (LTA2/Turambar, QL/34).
In The Etymologies from the 1930s, ᴹQ. Turambar appeared as a derivative of the roots ᴹ√TUR and ᴹ√MBARAT (Ety/TUR, MBARAT), but Tolkien revised the Quenya word for “fate” to ᴹQ. umbar, so that it could no longer be a direct element of this name. Tolkien considered but rejected a new form ᴹQ. Turumbar (Ety/TUR). Hereafter, Tolkien probably considered the name to be an older compound assembled from its primitive elements.
Tolkien did gradually alter the translation of this name, from ᴱQ. “Conqueror of Fate” (LT2/86) >> ᴹQ. “Master of Fate” (Ety/TUR) >> Q. “Master of Doom” (S/217).
turondo
masculine name. Lord of Stone
Turambar
master of doom/fate
Turambar masc. name, "Master of Doom/Fate", name taken in pride by Túrin (Appendix A, SA:tur, TUR, MBARAT, VT49:42)
Turcil
númenórean
Turcil ("k")noun "Númenórean" (TUR), stem turcild- as in pl.turcildi (LR:47, 56; SD:246). Variant of Tarcil; see VT46:17.
tur-
wield, control, govern
tur- vb. "wield, control, govern" (1st pers. aorist turin "I wield" etc.), pa.t. turnë (TUR). The verb is elsewhere defined "master, conquer, win" (PE17:115), virtually the same meanings are elsewhere assigned to turu- #1, q.v.
turinqui
queen
turinqui ("q") noun "queen" (LT1:260; apparently the fem. of tur. In Tolkien's later Quenya, "queen" is tári.)
turma
shield
turma (1) noun "shield" (TURÚM).
turu-
master, defeat, have victory over
turu- (1) vb. "master, defeat, have victory over" (PE17:113, not clearly said to be Quenya, but the Q name Turucundo "Victory-prince" is listed immediately afterwards). Compare tur-; cf. also *turúna.
turúva
wooden
turúva adj. "wooden" (LT1:270); cf. turu #3.
turya-
verb. *to strengthen, [ᴹQ.] to strengthen
A verb for “strengthen” in the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) from 1948, the basis for the noun [ᴹQ.] turyande “strengthening” (PE22/110). It also appears in notes from 1957 within the (loosely translated) phrase Eldaron indor turyaner “the hearts of the Eldar were comforted / or obeyed” (NM/239), perhaps more literally “✱the hearts of the Eldar [were] strengthened”. If so, it seems this verb can be used intransitively for “to become strengthened, strengthen oneself”, but I think it can also be used transitively as in nár turya tinco “fire strengthens metal”. It also seems this verb can be used for metaphorical as well as physical strength.
turucáno
masculine name. Ruling Lord, *(lit.) Victory Commander
The Quenya name of Turgon from which his Sindarin name is derived, a compound of turu- “master, have victory over” and cáno “commander” (PM/345), glossed in one place as “Ruling Lord” (PE17/113).
Conceptual Development: The Qenya name for Turgon appeared in the earliest Lost Tales as ᴱQ. Turondo (LT1/115). According to Christopher Tolkien, the initial element of the name at this stage was probably from ᴱ√TURU “be strong”, but the meaning of the second element was unclear (LT1A/Turgon). It might have been ᴱQ. ondo as indicated by its later translation “Lord of Stone” (see below). In these and later stories, the character was usually referred to by the name Turgon, and the Quenya name vanished for many decades.
In the 1950s, J.R.R. Tolkien revisited the question of Turgon’s Quenya name after he decided that Quenya was the native language of the Noldor (PE17/112-3). He first considered and rejected the earlier name Q. Turondo, now glossed “Lord of Stone”. He replaced this with Turucāno “Ruling Lord”, changing that in turn to Q. Turukondo “Victory Prince”. At this stage, this name was his “title”, while his given name was Sarafinwë.
In a later essay from 1968 (PM/345), Turukáno reappeared as the Quenya name of Turgon, now also his given name, effectively replacing both Turukondo and Sarafinwë.
turuphanto
proper name. Wooden-whale
Another name for the Númenórean ship Hirilondë, alluding to its great size (UT/191). The name was glossed “Wooden-whale”, but the language of the name is unclear. Carl Hostetter suggested (Tolklang/5.31) that the name is likely to be Quenya, since ᴱQ. turu meant “wood”, although this meaning for the word did not appear in Tolkien’s later writing. If so, the second element phanto might be Quenya for “whale”, although its spelling is unusual.
turca
adjective. strong, powerful (in body)
An adjective for “strong, powerful (in body)” appearing as the initial element in the name Turkafinwë, father name of Celegorm (PM/352). ᴱQ. turka also appeared in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s as a variant of ᴱQ. tulka “strong”.
turcafinwë
masculine name. strong, powerful (in body)
turukondo
masculine name. Victory Prince
turyandë
noun. fortification, fortification, [ᴹQ.] strengthening
A noun for “fortification, strengthening” in the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) from 1948, a combination of turya- “strengthen” and the general action verbal suffix -nde (PE22/110). This word also appeared with the gloss “fortification” in both the first and second versions of the Tengwesta Qenderinwa from the 1930s (TQ1: PE18/45) and around 1950 (TQ2: PE18/95) respectively. In TQ1 and TQ2 it referred to the strengthening of sound (more specifically a-fortification), so I think this noun can refer to both physical and metaphorical strengthening.
Turcafinwë
strong, powerful (in body) finwë
Turcafinwë masc. name, "strong, powerful (in body) Finwë", masc. name; he was called Celegorm in Sindarin. Short Quenya name Turco. (PM:352), compare #turco "chief" (q.v.)
Turondo
lord of stone
Turondo masc. name "Lord of stone" (PE17:112); see Turucáno.
turco
tower
turco ("k") (2) noun "tower". In Lúnaturco, Quenya name of Barad-dûr (Dark Tower). Tolkien changed the word turco from turma (PE17:22).
turinasta
kingdom
#turinasta, #túrinasta noun "kingdom" (turinastalya, túrinastalya "thy kingdom", VT43:15). These words for "kingdom" Tolkien perhaps abandoned in favour of #aranië, q.v.
turindië
kingdom
#turindië, #túrindië noun "kingdom" (turindielya, túrindielya "thy kingdom", VT43:15). These words for "kingdom" Tolkien perhaps abandoned in favour of #aranië, q.v.
turma
tower
[turma] (2) noun "tower". Tolkien changed this word to turco (#2), q.v. (PE17:22)
turmen
realm
turmen noun "realm" (PE17:28). Turmen Follondiéva "Realm of the North-harbourage", old name for Arnor, TurmenHallondiéva "Realm of the South-harbourage", old name for Gondor (PE17:28)
turmen follondiéva
place name. Realm of the North-harbourage
An old (Númenórean?) name for the region of Arnor (PE17/28). It is a compound of turmen “realm” and the possessive form of its shorter name Follondië.
turmen hyallondiéva
place name. Realm of the South-harbourage
An old (Númenórean?) name for the region of Gondor (PE17/28). It is a compound of turmen “realm” and the possessive form of its shorter name Hyallondië.
turu
wood
turu (3) noun "wood" (properly firewood, but used of wood in general) (LT1:270)
turu-
kindle
turu- (2) vb. "kindle" (a "Qenya" form from LT1:270; rather narta- or tinta- in LotR-style Quenya)
turco
noun. chief
tur-
verb. to master, conquer, dominate, win, to master, conquer, dominate, win; [ᴹQ.] to control, govern, *rule; to wield; [ᴱQ.] can, to be able
turindo
noun. purposeful mind, strong will
turmen
noun. realm
turu-
verb. to master, defeat, have victory over, to defeat, have victory over, master
turco
noun. *stronghold
turindo
noun. purposeful mind, strong-will
turindura
adjective. done necessarily
turindura
adjective. done necessarily
turya-
verb. strengthen
turya-#
verb. fortify
fortify
turyande
verb. strengthening, fortification
turyande
verb. fortification
fortification
turyanwa
fortified
fortified
turúna
adjective. mastered
taura
mighty, masterful
taura adj. "mighty, masterful" (TUR, PE17:115), "very mighty, vast, of unmeasured might or size" (VT39:10). Cf. túrëa.
túrë
mastery, victory
túrë noun "mastery, victory" (TUR), "strength, might" (QL:95), "power" (QL:96)
túra
adjective. big, great, great, big
@@@ is at odds with the other meanings of this root, which generally have to do with mastery, conquest and non-physical power
túra
big, great
túra adj. "big, great" (PE17:115), related to words for power and apparently referring to a more abstract greatness than words like haura "huge". Cf. taura, túrëa. Apparently initial element of Túrosto.
*turúna
mastered
*turúna passive participle "mastered", only attested attested in the elided form turún' (UT:138, apparently incomplete spelling turun in Silm ch. 21). The form may be understood as the passive participle of the verb turu- "master, defeat, have victory over" (PE17:113), the sole available example of a U-stem verb appearing in such a participle form. Compare -na #4.
Malantur
lord, ruler
Malantur, masc. name. Apparently includes -(n)tur "lord, ruler". The initial element is unlikely to connect with the early "Qenya" element mala- "hurt, pain", and may rather reflect the root MALAT "gold" (PM:366): Malat-ntur > Malantur "Gold-ruler"? (UT:210)
#turco
chief
#turco (1) noun "chief" (isolated from Turcomund "chief bull", Letters:423). Turco, masc. name, see Turcafinwë.
-tur
suffix. master, lord, ruler, master, lord, ruler, [ᴹQ.] victor
turvandil
noun. royal mace, scepter, sceptre
turmë
noun. governing power, strength
turwa
adjective. powerful [in a general sense]
turëa
noun. influential
mindë
turret
mindë noun "turret" (VT42:24)
quer-
turn
#quer- vb. "turn" (transitive), attested as pa.t. quernë (VT49:18-20). Compare kuere (kwere) as one variant of a stem meaning "turn" (PE14:65). English intransitive "to turn" requires a reflexive pronoun in Quenya: mo quernë immo "one turned oneself" (VT49:6), in idiomatic English simply "one turned". Passive participle #querna "turned", isolated from nuquerna (q.v.) "under-turned" = reversed, turned upside down. Also in númenquerna "turned westward" (VT49:18), nanquernë "turned back", pl. form of *nanquerna (VT49:17-18, 20)
mindë
noun. turret
arauco
powerful, hostile, and terrible creature; demon
arauco ("k")noun "a powerful, hostile, and terrible creature; demon" (variant of rauco). Tolkien's earlier "Qenya" has araucë "demon" (WJ:415, LT1:250)
pir-
spin, turn
pir- "spin, turn" (apparently intransitive). Actually cited in the form piri-, perhaps with the connecting vowel of the aorist included. "Qenya" pa.t. pírë. (QL:74)
querma
spinning wheel, turn-table
querma noun "spinning wheel, turn-table" (PE17:65). It is unclear whether Tolkien rejected this word or not.
rauco
powerful, hostile, and terrible creature
rauco ("k") noun "a powerful, hostile, and terrible creature", "very terrible creature", especially in the compound Valarauco noun "Demon of Might" _(WJ:415, VT39:10, cf. SA:raukor. In the Etymologies, stem RUK, the gloss is "demon".)_ Longer variant arauco. The plural form Valaraucar "Balrogs" seems to contain the variant rauca.
nanquer-
verb. *to turn back
quer-
verb. to turn, to turn, *revolve
querma
noun. spinning wheel, turn-table, spinning wheel, turn-table, *wheel
querna
adjective. *turned
VT49/20
-na
no longer part of verbal conjugation
-na (4), ending used to form passive participles as well as some adjectives and nouns; see -ina. According to PE17:68, the ending -na was "no longer part of verbal conjugation"; the derived words are thus considered independent adjectives (sometimes nouns) rather than regularly derived passive participles, the obvious etymological connection to certain verbal stems notwithstanding. Where adding the ending to a root would produce the combinations tn, pn, kn (cn), metathesis occurs to produce nt, (np >) mp, nc, as in nanca *"slain" for older ¤ndakna, or hampa "restrained, delayed, kept" vs. the root KHAP "retain, keep, detain". Following -l, the suffix -na turns into -da, as in yulda "draught, the amount drunk" for older yulna (this being an example of a noun being derived with this ending, though Tolkien might also explain yulda as containing a distinct ending -da [q.v.] denoting the result of a verbal action). The word *turúna "mastered" (q.v., only attested in elided form turún) would seem to be a passive participle formed from the verb turu- "master" (PE17:113), suggesting that in the case of U-stem verbs, their final -u is lengthened to ú when -na is added.
Túrin
victory-mood
Túrin masc. name, apparently meaning "victory-mood" (LR:395, s.v. TUR). The Etymologies gives Turindo as the Quenya form of this name; Túrin seems to be properly the Sindarin form, though it fits Quenya style well enough and Nienor used it in a Quenya sentence (near the end of ch. 21 of the Silmarillion). The name appears as Turin (with a short u) in the phrase nahtana ló Turin, "slain by Túrin" (VT49:24)
heru-
to rule
heru- vb. "to rule" (LT1:272; rather tur- in LotR-style Quenya)
cucuollë
noun. turtledove
A neologism for “turtledove” coined by Helge Fauskanger in his NQNT (NQNT), an elaboration of ᴹQ. kukua “dove”.
querda
noun. turn (e.g. in a game)
sandanasto
noun. turtle, (lit.) shield-being
nanquer-
verb. to turn back, turn around
nev-
verb. to face, turn toward, *confront
quermen
noun. a turning, turn, corner (of a street)
@@@ Discord 2022-08-18
aranta-
verb. to turn over, (lit.) give by
lancanta-
verb. to transform, turn into (trans.)
@@@ Discord 2023-01-29
aranielya na tuluva
thy kingdom come
The third line of Átaremma, Tolkien’s Quenya translation of the Lord’s Prayer. The first word aranielya “thy kingdom” is the 2nd person singular polite form of aranië “kingdom”. It is followed by the word na, serving a subjunctive or imperative function, and tuluva, the future tense of tul- “to come”. This future tense probably reflects the fact that God’s kingdom is not yet manifest on Earth, and its literal meaning may be “✱be it that thy kingdom will come”.
Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:
> aranie-lya na tul-uva = “✱kingdom-thy be come-(future)”
Conceptual Development: In earlier versions of this phrase, Tolkien vacillated over whether to use á or na for the subjunctive/imperative element. He also considered other words for “kingdom”: túrinasta and túrindië. Finally, he used aorist forms or “double imperative” forms of tul-, such as tule or á tula, adopting the future tense only in version V.
Tolkien experimented with different word orders for this phrase in different versions of the prayer. In versions I-IIb, he used particle-verb-subject, while in the version III-VI he used subject-particle-verb. The reasons for the different orders is unclear.
| |I|IIa|IIb|III|IV|V|VI| |{na >>}|nā|na|á|túrindielya|aranielya| |{túrinastalya >>}|túle|tule|tula|á|na| |{tūle >>}|túrinastalya|tuluva|
ola-
verb. to become, to become; [ᴹQ.] to grow (up)
An a-verb appearing with the gloss “grow” in the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) of 1948 (PE22/113, 125), replacing ᴹQ. ala- of the same meaning (PE22/113 note #80). In the same document Tolkien coined a distinct basic verb ᴹQ. ol- “become” (PE22/113). Various other inflections throughout the document belonged to one or the other of these verbs. There are glosses indicating that Tolkien was not entirely certain of the distribution of meaning between the two, however. For example, he had ᴹQ. olinwa (not ✱olanwa) with the sense “fully grown, adult” (PE22/116). Also ola- was given both a weak and strong past tense: olane “grew, were growing” and óle “grew, finished growing, grew up, became” (PE22/116), as opposed to the past tense of ol- which was olle “became” (PE22/103).
In QVS the perfect form of both verbs were the same: (ol)ólie “it has grown up, it has reached its prime, become” (PE22/103, 116), and such similarity of inflected forms may have been the basis for the confusion of meanings. The perfect form olōlie “has become” reappeared in Common Eldarin: Verb Structure of the early 1950s (PE22/133), and again could be from either verb. However, in that document Tolkien had a primitive a-verb ᴹ✶olā- “become, come into being, turn into (another state)”, appearing along with a restored ᴹ✶galā-, which had the more limited sense “grow (of plants)” (PE22/134).
Q. ala- “grow” continued to appear in Tolkien’s latter writings, but its root was usually connected more specifically to the growth of plants (PE17/25, 135, 153). Meanwhile, in notes from around 1959, Tolkien had several words indicating that √OL continued to be the basis of growth-words for people: Q. olmen “growth-year”, Q. olmië “growth” and Q. quantolië “maturity” (NM/84, 119-120).
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would use just the a-verb ola- with the sense “grow (up); grow into or become”. It can be used intransitively with people and animals with the sense “grow (up)” as in i Elda olane lintavë “the Elf grew quickly”; for plants, however, the word for “grow” would be ala- (see that entry for discussion). Used transitively, the verb ola- has the sense “grow into or become”, as in i Elda olólie nisse “the Elf has become/grown into a woman”. In this sense it can also apply to inanimate or abstract things: i taure olane ráva yonde “the forest became a lawless region”. Thus ola- refers to the process of growing, maturing and transitioning. If it has a direct object, that object is the thing one grows into or becomes.
Note that this verb is similar in form to óla- “to dream”, but confusion is unlikely since “dream” is an impersonal verb, where the purported subject would be in the dative: óla i Eldan “the Elf dreams, (lit.) dreams [come] to the Elf”, as opposed to i Elda ola lumba “the Elf becomes/grows weary”.
-lya
thy, your
-lya 2nd person sg. formal/polite pronominal suffix "thy, your" (VT49:16, 38, 48). In tielyanna "upon your path" (UT:22 cf. 51), caritalya(s) "your doing (it)" (VT41:17), esselya "thy name" (VT43:14), onnalya "your child" (VT49:41, 42), parma-restalyanna *"upon your book-fair" (VT49:38), and, in Tolkien's Quenya Lord's Prayer, in the various translations of "thy kingdom": aranielya in the final version, earlier turinastalya, túrinastalya, turindielya, túrindielya (VT43:15). Also in indómelya (changed from mendelya) "thy will" (VT43:15-16)
-va
from
-va possessive ending, presumably related to the preposition va "from". In Eldaliéva, Ingoldova, miruvóreva, Oroméva, rómeva, Valinóreva (q.v. for references), Follondiéva, Hyallondiéva (see under turmen for references). Following a consonant, the ending instead appears as -wa (andamacilwa "of the long sword", PE17:147, rómenwa *"of the East", PE17:59). Pl. -vë when governing a plural word (from archaic -vai) (WJ:407), but it seems that -va was used throughout in late Exilic Quenya (cf. miruvóreva governing the plural word yuldar in Namárië). Pl. -iva (-ivë*), dual -twa, partitive pl. -líva**.
Forolondië
north-harbourage
Forolondië (also shortened and assimilated Follondië) place-name "North-harbourage", old name for Arnor, in full Turmen Follondiéva "Realm of the North-harbourage" (PE17:28). Compare Hyaralondië.
Hyaralondië
south-harbourage
Hyaralondië (also shortened and assimilated Hyallondië) place-name "South-harbourage", old name for Gondor, in full Turmen Hyallondiéva "Realm of the South-harbourage" (PE17:28). Compare Forolondië.
Tyelcormo
hasty-riser
Tyelcormo ("k") masc. name "hasty-riser", the amilessë or mother-name (never used in narrative) of Turcafinwë = Celegorm (PM:353)
ambar
fate, doom
ambar (2) noun "fate, doom" (variant of umbar?) in Turambar (SA:amarth); stem ambart- (PE17:66), instrumental ambartanen "by doom" (Silm ch. 21, UT:138, PE17:66). The early "Qenya" lexicon has ambar "Fate", also amarto (LT2:348)
antoryamë
strengthening
antoryamë noun "strengthening", used of various manipulations of a stem, such as lengthening vowels or consonants or turning a consonant or a vowel into a "blend" (see ostimë) (VT39:9)
artaurë
realm
artaurë noun "realm" (PE17:28). Cf. turmen.
calta-
verb. to kindle, to kindle, [ᴹQ.] (cause to) shine, light up, [ᴱQ.] set light to
This causative verb meaning “kindle, cause to shine” was based on the root √KAL “light; shine” and had a lengthy history in Tolkien’s Elvish languages. ᴱQ. kalta- “kindle, set light to” first appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√KALA “shine golden” (QL/44), but in The Etymologies of the 1930s ᴹQ. kalta- was only glossed “shine” (Ety/KAL). However in the Quenya Verbal System of the 1940s kaltā́ was given as an example of causative verbs and glossed “cause to shine, light up, or kindle (lamp etc.)” (PE22/114). In Common Eldarin: Verb Structure from the early 1950s (primitive) kalta- was glossed “cause to shine, kindle” (PE22/156). This verb also appeared in Late Notes on Verb Structure (LVS) from 1969 as an element in the adjective Q. lacaltaima “not possible to be kindled”.
ló
from
ló, lo (2) prep. "from", also used = "by" introducing the agent after a passive construction: nahtana ló Turin *"slain by Túrin" (VT49:24). A similar and possibly identical form is mentioned in the Etymologies as being somehow related to the ablative ending -llo, but is not there clearly defined (VT45:28). At one point, Tolkien suggested that lo rather than the ending -llo was used with proper names (lo Manwë rather than Manwello for "from Manwë"), but this seems to have been a short-lived idea (VT49:24).
men-
go
#men- (4) vb. "go" (VT47:11, cf. VT42:30, VT49:23), attested in the aorist (menë) in the sentence imbi Menel Cemenyë menë Ráno tië "between Heaven and Earth goes the path of the Moon". In the verb nanwen- "return" (or go/come back), -men- is changed to -wen- following nan- "back" (etymological form cited as nan-men-, PE17:166). In examples from VT49:23, 24, Tolkien used men- in the sense of "go as far as": 1st person sg. aorist menin (menin coaryanna "I arrive at [or come/get to] his house"), endingless aorist menë, present tense ména- "is on point of arrival, is just coming to an end", past tense mennë "arrived, reached", in this tense usually with locative rather than allative (mennen sís "I arrive[d] here"), perfect eménië "has just arrived", future menuva "will arrive". All of these examples were first written with the verb as ten- rather than men-, Tolkien then emending the initial consonant.
nan-
backwards
nan- (prefix) "backwards" (NDAN) or "back", as in nanwen- "return" (go/come back, PE17:166), cf. also nanquernë *"turned back", the pl. form of nanquerna _(VT49:17-18). _Apparently assimilated nal- in nalláma "echo" (if this represents nan-láma "back-sound", sound coming back).
nuquerna
reversed
nuquerna adj. "reversed", or perhaps rather *"turned upside down". Attested in the phrases silmë nuquerna and árë nuquerna, q.v.
númen
west, the way of the sunset
númen noun "west, the way of the sunset" (SA:andúnë, cf. NDŪ, MEN; capitalized Númen under SA:men and in CO), "going down, occudent" (Letters:361), also name of tengwa #17 _(Appendix E). _According to VT45:38, the word is actually cited as "nú-men" in Tolkien's Etymologies manuscript. Allative númenna "Westward" (LR:47, SD:310, VT49:20, capitalized Númenna, VT49:22; numenna with a short u, VT49:23); adj. númenquerna "turned westward" (VT49:18, 20). See also númenyaron, númessier. - In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, "nú-men" was intended as the name of tengwa #21, to which letter Tolkien at this stage assigned the value n (VT45:38). However, this tengwa was later given the Quenya value r instead and was renamed órë.
ta
they, them
ta (3) pron. "they, them", an "impersonal" 3rd person pl. stem, referring "only to 'abstracts' or to things (such as inanimates) not by the Eldar regarded as persons" (VT43:20, cf. ta as an inanimate Common Eldarin plural pronoun, VT49:52). Compare te, q.v. The word ta occurring in some versions of Tolkien's Quenya Lord's Prayer may exemplify this use of ta as an "impersonal" plural pronoun: emmë avatyarir ta** "we forgive them" (VT43:8, 9; this refers to trespasses, not the trespassers). However, since Tolkien also wanted ta to mean "that" (see #1 above), he may seem to be somewhat dissatisfied with ta "they, them", introducing variant forms like tai (VT49:32) to free up ta as a sg. pronoun. In one document, tai was in turn altered to te (VT49:33), which could suggest that the distinction between animate and inanimate "they, them" was abandoned and the form te (q.v.) could be used for both. In some documents, Tolkien seems to use tar as the plural form (VT49:56 mentions this as an uncertain reading in a source where the word was struck out; compare ótar under ó**-).
vala-
to rule
vala- (2) vb. "to rule", only with reference to the Valar (see Vala). Future tense valuva is attested (WJ:404)
túrinasta
noun. *kingdom
túrindië
noun. *kingdom
túrin
noun. lord
torya-
verb. to strengthen
canwa
noun. face
A word appearing as kanwarya in one of the drafts of the Ambidexters Sentence, apparently a 3rd-sg possessive form meaning “✱his face” (VT49/6, 21). Patrick Wynne suggested it might be derived from √KAT “shape” as in katmā > kanwa, patterned after Latin “faciēs” which also originally meant “shape”. It seems the n in this word was revised, but what the change was intended to be is unclear. Tolkien eventually revised this word to cendelë, so canwa was probably abandoned.
cendelë
noun. face, face, *visage
A word for “face” in the Ambidexters Sentence of the late 1960s (VT49/8). Patrick Wynne suggested it is likely an abstract noun formation from the verb cenda- “watch, observe”, and hence similar in origin to English/French “visage” which likewise originated from a Latin verb meaning “to see” (VT49/21). Earlier “face” words ᴱQ. alma and ᴱQ. yéma have similar derivations, as pointed out by Patrick Wynne.
vailë
noun. wind, [strong] wind, *gale
An obscure word for “wind” in notes from December 1959 (D59) derived from the root √WAYA and appearing in various forms: vëa, vaiwe, and vaile, the last of these with an adjectival form vailima “windy” (P17/189). A similar set of Quenya derivatives of √WAY appeared in notes from 1957, but there most of the forms were rejected: {vaiwe, view-, vaive, víw}, along with unrejected váva (PE17/33-34). Tolkien considered all these as possible cognates of S. gwae “wind”.
Conceptual Development: Precursors include ᴱQ. ’wā “wind” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√GWĀ (QL/102), ᴱQ. vá or vanwe “wind” from Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1930s (PE16/142) and ᴹQ. vaiwa “wind” from The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√WAIWA (Ety/WĀ). Thus the Quenya forms were much less stable than their Sindarin equivalent and its precursor, which were simply G. gwâ “wind” (GL/43; PE13/146) >> N./S. gwae(w) “wind” (Ety/WĀ; NM/237; PE17/33-34, 189).
Neo-Quenya: Of the various forms, I prefer Q. vailë since (a) it is later, (b) has an adjectival form and (c) has a possible direct cognate S. gwael “✱wind”, also from around the same time. Q. súrë is the usual word for “wind” and is thus preferable for most uses, but I think vailë might be used for a strong wind or gale, since elsewere in Quenya derivatives of √WĀ seem to be tied to stronger winds: hwarwa “violent wind”, vangwë “storm” (NM/237).
váva
noun. *wind
túrion
noun. palace
antoryamë
noun. strengthening
sanda
noun. shield
-lto
they
-lto, "Qenya" pronominal ending "they"; see -ltë
-ltë
they
-ltë, 3rd person pl. pronominal suffix, "they" (VT49:51; cariltë "they do", VT49:16, 17). It alternates with -ntë in Tolkiens manuscripts (VT49:17, 57). In his early material, the ending also appears as -lto, occurring in Fíriel's Song (meldielto "they are beloved" and cárielto "they made"), also in LT1:114: tulielto "they have come" (cf. VT49:57). Compare -lta, -ltya as the ending for "their".
-ltë
suffix. they
-ntë
they
-ntë "they", pronomimal ending, inflexion of 3rd person plural when no subject is previously mentioned (CO; see also VT49:49). This ending competes with -ltë (q.v.) in Tolkiens conception (VT49:57; for "they do", both carintë and cariltë are attested, VT49:16 vs. 17). The corresponding pronominal possessive suffix appears as -ntya or -nta in various sources.
-ntë
suffix. they
-stir
suffix. face
An element meaning “face” in the name Carnistir “Red-Face” (S. Caranthir), derived from primitive ✶stīrē (PM/353; VT41/10). Its form as an independent word would mostly likely be ✱síre (Classical Quenya þíre), but that would conflict with sírë “river” in spoken Quenya (Tarquesta). There are a number of other Quenya “face” words attested, such as cendelë, so it is probably safer to use one of these for purposes of Neo-Quenya.
-tar
king
-tar or tar-, element meaning "king" or "queen" in compounds and names (TĀ/TA3), e.g. Valatar; compare the independent nouns tár, tári. Prefix Tar- especially in the names of the Kings and Queens of Númenor (e.g. Tar-Amandil); see their individual names (like Amandil in this case), cf. also Tar-Mairon "King Excellent", title used by Sauron (PE17:183). Also in Tareldar "High-elves"; see also Tarmenel.
-ttë
they
-ttë (1) "they", dual 3rd person pronominal ending ("the two of them") (VT49:51), replacing (also within the legendarium) the older ending -stë (which was later used for the second person only). This older ending -stë corresponds to a possessive ending -sta "their" (VT49:16), but this was presumably likewise altered to *-tta as the new ending for dual "their" = "of the two of them".
Ingwë
chief
Ingwë masc. name, "chief", name of the "prince of Elves" _(PM:340, ING, WEG, VT45:18). Pl. Ingwer "Chieftains", what the Vanyar called themselves (so in PM:340, but in PM:332 the plural has the more regular form Ingwi). Ingwë Ingweron "chief of the chieftains", proper title of Ingwë as high king (PM:340)_. In the Etymologies, Ingwë is also said to be the name of a symbol used in writing: a short carrier with an i-tehta above it, denoting short i (VT45:18).
Vala
power, god, angelic power
Vala (1) noun "Power, God, angelic power", pl. Valar or Vali (BAL, Appendix E, LT2:348), described as "angelic governors" or "angelic guardians" (Letters:354, 407). The Valar are a group of immensely powerful spirits guarding the world on behalf of its Creator; they are sometimes called Gods (as when Valacirca, q.v., is translated "Sickle of the Gods"), but this is strictly wrong according to Christian terminology: the Valar were created beings. The noun vala is also the name of tengwa #22 (Appendix E). Genitive plural Valion "of the Valar" (FS, MR:18); this form shows the pl. Vali, (irregular) alternative to Valar (the straightforward gen. pl. Valaron is also attested, PE17:175). Pl. allative valannar *"to/on the Valar" (LR:47, 56; SD:246). Feminine form Valië (Silm), in Tolkiens earlier material also Valdë; his early writings also list Valon or Valmo (q.v.) as specifically masc. forms. The gender-specific forms are not obligatory; thus in PE17:22 Varda is called a Vala (not a Valië), likewise Yavanna in PE17:93. Vala is properly or originally a verb "has power" (sc. over the matter of Eä, the universe), also used as a noun "a Power" _(WJ:403). The verb vala- "rule, order", exclusively used with reference to the Valar, is only attested in the sentences á vala Manwë! "may Manwë order it!" and Valar valuvar "the will of the Valar will be done" (WJ:404). However, Tolkien did not originally intend the word Valar to signify "powers"; in his early conception it apparently meant "the happy ones", cf. valto, vald- (LT2:348)_. For various compounds including the word Vala(r), see below.
amarto
fate
amarto noun "Fate" (also ambar) (LT2:348; in LotR-style Quenya rather umbar, umbart-)
anta
face
anta (2) noun "face" (ANA1, VT45:5). Cf. cendelë.
aran
king
aran noun "king"; pl. arani (WJ:369, VT45:16, PE17:186); gen.pl. aranion "of kings" in asëa aranion, q.v.; aranya "my king" (aran + nya) (UT:193). Aran Meletyalda "king your mighty" = "your majesty" (WJ:369); aran Ondórëo, "a king of Gondor" (VT49:27). Also in arandil "king's friend, royalist", arandur "king's servant, minister" (Letters:386); Arantar masc. name, "King-Lord" (Appendix A); Arandor "Kingsland" region in Númenor (UT:165); the long form Arandórë appears as a name of Arnor in PE17:28 (elsewhere Arnanórë, q.v.) Othercompounds ingaran, Noldóran, Núaran, q.v.
aran
noun. king
aranel
princess
aranel noun "princess" (likely *aranell-) (UT:434)
aranel
noun. princess
aranië
kingdom
#aranië noun "kingdom" (aranielya "thy kingdom") (VT43:15). Cf. #aranyë in Ardaranyë "the Kingdom of Arda" (PE17:105)
aranië
noun. kingdom
aranus
kingship
aranus (#aranuss-), also aranussë, noun "kingship" (PE17:155)
aranus(së)
noun. kingship
aranyë
kingdom
#aranyë noun "kingdom", isolated from Ardaranyë "the Kingdom of Arda" (PE17:105)
arda
realm
arda noun "realm" (GAR under 3AR). It is said that arda, when used as a common noun, "meant any more or less bounded or defined place, a region" (WJ:402), or "a particular land or region" (WJ:413). Capitalized Arda "the Realm", name of the Earth as the kingdom of Manwë (Silm), "the name given to our world or earth...within the immensity of Eä"(Letters:283, there again rendered "realm"), "our planet" (MR:39), once translated "Earth" (SD:246). In a wider sense, Arda can refer to the entire Solar System (MR:337). Also name of tengwa #26 (Appendix E). Masc. name Ardamírë "Jewel of the World" (PM:348), shorter form Ardamir (UT:210); Ardaranyë "the Kingdom of Arda" (PE17:105)
canwa
face
#canwa (2) noun "face", isolated from canwarya ("k") *"his face", evidently an ephemeral form Tolkien abandoned in favour of cendelë, q.v. (VT49:21; see VT49:34 regarding uncertainties as to the manuscript reading)
cendelë
face
cendelë noun "face" (VT49:21)
condo
prince, leader; lord
condo ("k")noun "prince, leader; lord" (PE17:113,117); possibly replaces cundu, q.v.
condo
noun. lord
cundu
prince
†cundu ("k")noun "prince" (KUNDŪ; the "†_" indicating that this word is poetic or archaic was omitted in the Etymologies as printed in LR; see VT45:24)._ Cf. condo.
fanga
beard
fanga noun "beard" (SPÁNAG)
fanga
noun. beard
A noun for “beard” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√SPANAG (Ety/SPÁNAG), where the [[aq|initial [sp-] became the voiceless spirant [f]]]. It reappeared in the 1960s as an element in the name Q. Andafangar “Longbeards” (PM/321 note #21).
Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, Tolkien gave ᴱQ. fange as cognate of G. fang “a long beard” (GL/34). Elsewhere in the same document he had ᴱQ. vanga as cognate of G. bang “beard”, but both these words were deleted (GL/21). Other early “beard” words include ᴱQ. velte under the early root ᴱ√VETE (QL/101), and ᴱQ. poa as a cognate to G. pau “a beard” (GL/63).
haran
king, chieftain
haran (#harn-, as in pl. harni) noun "king, chieftain" (3AR, TĀ/TA3, VT45:17; for "king", the word aran is to be preferred in LotR-style Quenya). In a deleted entry in the Etymologies, haran was glossed "chief" (VT45:17)
harda
realm, region
harda noun "realm, region" _(VT45:12, 16, 17; the word also occurs, unglossed, in the entry EN in the Etymologies)_. Changed to arda later?
heru
lord, master
heru (also hér) noun "lord, master" (PM:210, KHER, LT1:272, VT44:12); Letters:283 gives hér (heru); the form Héru with a long vowel refers to God in the source where it appears (i Héru "the Lord", VT43:29). In names like Herumor "Black Lord" and Herunúmen "Lord of the West" (SA:heru). The form heruion is evidently a gen.pl. of heru "lord": "of the lords" (SD:290); herunúmen "Lord-of-West" (LR:47), title of Manwë. Pl. númeheruvi "Lords-of-West" (*"West-lords") in SD:246, a title of the Valar; does this form suggest that #heruvi is the regular plural of heru?
ho
from
ho prep. "from" (3O); cf. hó-
hér
lord
hér noun "lord" (VT41:9), also heru, q.v.
hér
noun. lord
héra
chief, principal
héra adj. "chief, principal" (KHER)
ingwë
masculine name. Chief
Lord of the first tribe of the Elves and the high king of Elvenkind (S/52, 62). His name is ancient and its original meaning is unclear, but it is sometimes translated as “Chief”, and is interpreted as a combination of the root √ING “first, foremost” and the suffix -wë common in ancient names (PM/340).
Conceptual Development: In the earliest Lost Tales, this character was first named ᴱQ. Ing, but this was soon changed to ᴱQ. Inwe (LT1/22). The form become ᴹQ. Ingwe in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (SM/13, LR/214), and the derivation for Ingwë discussed above had already emerged in The Etymologies (Ety/ING, WEG).
lelya-
go, proceed (in any direction), travel
lelya- (1) vb. "go, proceed (in any direction), travel", pa.t. lendë / elendë (WJ:363, VT14:5, PE17:139) At one point Tolkien assigned a more specific meaning to the underlying root LED: "go away from the speaker or the point in mind, depart" (PE17:52), which would make lelya- a near synonym of auta-. The same source denies that the derivatives of _LED _were used simply for "go, move, travel", but elsewhere Tolkien assigns precisely that meaning to lelya-.
lenna-
go
lenna- vb. "go", pa.t. lendë "went" (LED; cf. lelya-). In the Etymologies as printed in LR, the word lenna- wrongly appears as **linna-; see VT45:27.
lerta-
can
lerta- vb. "can" in the sense "be free to do", being under no restraint (physical or other). Lertan quetë "I can speak (because I am free to do so, there being no obstacle of promise, secrecy, or duty)". Where the absence of a physical restraint is considered, this verb can be used in much the same sense as pol- (VT41:6)
mahalma
throne
mahalma noun "throne", nominative pl. mahalmar "thrones" and locative pl. mahalmassen in CO. Adopted and adapted from Valarin (WJ:399)
mahalma
noun. throne
A noun for “throne” in the phrase nai tiruvantes i hárar mahalmassen mi Númen “in the keeping of those who sit upon thrones of the West” (UT/305, 317). In the Quendi and Eldar essay of 1959-60, Tolkien said that mahalma was derived from Valarin maχallām of the same meaning and was “properly one of the seats of the Valar” (WJ/399). As such, this word is unlikely to be used for an ordinary “throne”, which instead would be tarhanwa.
marta
fate
marta (3) noun "fate" (VT45:33, VT46:13) Cf. marto.
marto
tower
marto (1) noun "tower" (PE17:66)
marto
noun. tower
melehta
mighty
melehta adj. "mighty" (PE17:115), cf. meletya
melehta
adjective. mighty
An adjective for “mighty” derived from the root √MBELEK in a page of notes having to do with “large & small” words, probably from the late 1960s (PE17/115), apparently from the primitive form ✱✶mbelektā (with [kt] > [ht]). A variant form meletya appears with the 2nd-plural possessive suffix -lda as Meletyalda “your mighty” in the Quendi and Eldar essay of 1959-60 (WJ/369), likely from the primitive form ✱✶mbelekya (with [kj] > [tj]). This variant form has a more typical primitive adjective suffix ✶-ya, but is inconsistent with the attested Sindarin cognate S. belaith, so I’d stick with melehta for purposes of Neo-Quenya.
melehtë
might, power
melehtë noun "might, power" (inherent) (PE17:115)
meletya
mighty
#meletya adj. "mighty", isolated from meletyalda adjective with suffix "your mighty" = "your majesty" (see -lda; meletya = *"mighty"). In full Aran Meletyalda "king your mighty" = "your majesty" (WJ:369). Compare melehta.
meletya
adjective. mighty
narta-
kindle
narta- vb. "kindle" (VT45:37)
númë
noun. west
o
preposition. from
palis
sward, lawn
palis noun "sward, lawn" (LT1:264)
poa
beard
poa noun "beard" (GL:63). Rather fanga in Tolkien's later Quenya
pol-
can
pol- (1) vb. "can" = have physical power and ability, as in polin quetë "I can speak (because mouth and tongue are free)". Cf. ista-, lerta- as verbs "can" with somewhat different shades of meaning. (VT41:6, PE17:181)
polda
big
polda adj. "big" (PE17:115), "strong, burly" (POL/POLOD)
polda
adjective. big, big; [ᴹQ.] strong, burly; [ᴱQ.] mighty, powerful
poldorë
strong, burly
poldorë noun? (not glossed, derived from polda "strong, burly": possibly "strength" as an abstract) (POL/POLOD)
ric-
twist
#ric- (2) vb. "twist", perfect irícië "has twisted" (VT39:9)
súru
wind
súru noun "wind" (MC:213, 216, 220; this is "Qenya"; Tolkien's later Quenya has súrë)
súrë
wind
súrë noun "wind", stem súri- because of primitive form sūrǐ- (PE17:62),hence the instrumental form súrinen "in the wind" or more literally "by the wind" (Nam, RGEO:66,Markirya, J.R.R. Tolkien: Artist & Illustrator p. 197); Súrion masc.name, "Wind-son" (Appendix A). Early "Qenya" has súru (MC:213, 216, 220). See also súriquessë.
tai
they, them
tai (2) pron. "they, them", 3rd person pl., used with reference to inanimates rather than persons or living things (VT49:32, see ta #3 above). Perhaps to avoid the clash with tai "that which", the pronoun tai "they, them" was altered to te in at least one manuscript (VT49:33), so that it would merge with the pronoun used of living beings and the distinction between animate and inanimate would be abandoned (see te).
taran
king
taran (1) noun "king", possibly ephemeral variant of aran, q.v. (PE17:186)
tarminas
tower
tarminas noun "tower" etc. (Sindarin barad); see taras (PE17:22)
tavar
wood
tavar (1) noun "wood" (TÁWAR)
tavárëa
wooden
#tavárëa ?adj. "wooden" (tauretavárëa = "forest-wooden"?) (TI:415). If so perhaps a near-synonym of taurina.
te
they, them
te pron. "they, them", 3rd person pl. (VT49:51, LotR3:VI ch. 4, translated in Letters:308). The pronoun te represents an original stem-form (VT49:50). Dative ten, téna or tien "for them, to them" (q.v.) Stressed té (VT49:51). Ótë "with them", q.v. VT43:20 connects te "them" with a discussion of Common Eldarin pronominal stems (ca. 1940s), where te is the "personal" 3rd person pl. stem, referring to persons rather than abstracts or inanimates (which are denoted by ta instead; see, however, the entry ta #3 regarding the problems with this form, and the hints that te may possibly be used with reference to inanimates as well)). Also consider the reflexive pronoun intë "themselves", the final element of which is apparently this pronoun te; see also tú for the dual form.
tinta-
kindle, cause to sparkle
tinta- vb. "kindle, cause to sparkle", cf. Tintallë (TIN, SA:tin, MR:388)
tirin
tall tower
tirin noun "tall tower" _(LT1:258; this is a verb "I watch" in the Etymologies, stem TIR.)_
tirion
watch-tower, tower
tirion noun "watch-tower, tower" (TIR); in early "Qenya" the gloss was "a mighty tower, a city on a hill" (LT1:258). Tirion "Great Watchtower", a city of the Elves in the Blessed Realm (SA:tir; in MR:176 the translation is "Watchful City")
tirion
noun. watch-tower, watch-tower, tower, [ᴱQ.] (great or mighty) tower; city on a hill
toi
they
toi pron. "they" (FS; replaced by te in LotR-style Quenya?)
toina
adjective. wood, wood, *wooden, made of wood
A word glossed “wood” appearing in a list of “large & small” roots from around 1968 derived from primitive ✶tawĭnā (PE17/115) and hence probably an adjective “✱wooden, (made) of wood” as suggested by Helge Fauskanger (QQ/toina).
Conceptual Development: In The Etymologies of the 1930s Tolkien instead had ᴹQ. taurina “of wood”, an adjectival form of ᴹQ. tavar “wood (material)” (Ety/TÁWAR). The word ᴹQ. toina appeared in notes on The Feanorian Alphabet from the 1940s, but was unglossed, so whether it meant “✱wooden” is unclear.
tunda-
kindle
tunda- vb. "kindle" (LT1:270; rather tinta- or narta- in Tolkien's later Quenya)
tyelcormo
masculine name. Hasty-riser
The mother-name of Celegorm, from which his Sindarin name is partially derived (PM/353). It is a compound of tyelca “hasty” and ormo “riser”.
Conceptual Development: In earlier notes, Tolkien gave his Quenya name as Celec-ormë (PE17/112).
tár
king
tár noun "king" (only used of the legitimate kings of whole tribes); the pl. tári "kings" must not be confused with the sg. tári "queen" (TĀ/TA3). Prefix tar-, compare -tar above. The normal Quenya word for "king" is aran, but compare Tarumbar.
tári
queen
tári noun "queen", used especially of Varda (TĀ/TA3, LT1:264), etymologically "she that is high" (SA:tar). Dative tárin in the Elaine inscription (VT49:40), genitive tário in Namárië. Elentári "Starqueen", a title of Varda. (Nam, RGEO:67). Tarinya "my queen" (UT:179; sic, not *tárinya). Táris or tárissë "queenship" (PE17:155)
tári
noun. queen, queen, [ᴱQ.] mistress, lady
töa
noun. wood (as material)
A word for “wood” mentioned in passing in notes on the Quendi and Eldar essay from 1959-60 (VT39/6), also appearing in a list of “large & small” roots from around 1968 with the gloss “wood as material” and derived from the root √TAW “wood” (PE17/115).
Conceptual Development: In The Etymologies of the 1930s Tolkien instead had ᴹQ. tavar “wood (material)” derived from primitive ᴹ✶tawar of the same meaning, from the extended root ᴹ√TÁWAR “wood, forest” (Ety/TÁWAR). In this earlier conception, the awa became ava rather than reducing to oa because the initial a was stressed. Stress alone was probably not enough to preserve ancient áwa in Tolkien’s later conception of the language’s phonetic development.
tú
they, them
tú pron. "they, them", 3rd person dual ("the two of them"), both "personal and neuter" (the pronoun can be used of persons and things alike). (VT49:51) Tolkien also considered tet for the same meaning, listing it alongside tú in one source (VT49:56), but this form was apparently abandoned.
túrion
palace
túrion (túriond-) noun "palace" (QL:95)
umbar
fate, doom
umbar (umbart-, as in dat.sg. umbarten) noun "fate, doom" (MBARAT), also name of tengwa #6 (Appendix E).Cf. Umbarto. In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, umbar was the name of letter #18 (VT45:33), which tengwa Tolkien would later call malta instead changing its Quenya value from mb to m. In the word Tarumbar "King of the World" (q.v.), umbar appears to be a variant of Ambar (q.v.) instead.
umbas
shield
umbas (þ) noun "shield" (VT45:33)
va
from
va prep. "from" (VT43:20; prefixed in the form var- in var-úra "from evil", VT43:24). In VT49:24, va, au and o are quoted as variants of the stem awa "away from".
vailë
wind
vailë noun "wind" (PE17:189)
vaiwa
wind
vaiwa noun "wind" (WĀ/WAWA/WAIWA)
vaiwë
wind
vaiwë noun "wind" (PE17:189)
vaiwë
noun. wind
vanga
beard
vanga noun "beard" (LT2:344, GL:21; in Tolkien's later Quenya fanga)
vanya-
go, depart, disappear
vanya- (2) vb. "go, depart, disappear", pa.t. vannë (WAN). The verb auta- may have replaced this word in Tolkien's later conception.
vardar
king
vardar noun "king" (LT1:273; rather aran in LotR-style Quenya)
varni
queen
varni noun "queen" (LT1:273; rather tári in Tolkien's later Quenya)
vëa
wind
vëa (4) noun "wind" (PE17:189)
vëa
noun. wind
wai
wind, weave
wai (what the primitive element ¤wei "wind, weave" became in Quenya; therefore confused with the stem WAY "enfold") (WEY)
wailë
wind
wailë noun "wind", later form vailë, q.v. (PE17:189)
waiwa
wind
waiwa noun "wind" (WĀ/WAWA/WAIWA)
were-
verb. to weave
A verb based on √WER “weave” that Tolkien coined in notes from around 1957 while exploring the development of the name S. Gwaihir (PE17/33). The section where this verb appeared was marked out, and in notes 1959-60 Tolkien changed the root to √WIR “weave” (PE17/191; VT39/10).
Neo-Quenya: This verb might be updated to ✱vir- “to weave” from the later form of the root, but I prefer to stick to attested [ᴹQ.] lanya- for “to weave” (Ety/LAN).
wá
wind
wá (actually spelt wâ) noun "wind" (LT1:266). Cf. wáya-.
eldatár
`Vm#1~C6 noun. elf-king, elfking, elven-king
herunauco
9V7J5.DaH noun. dwarf-lord, dwarven lord
nacil
noun. victor
nívë
noun. face
paswa
noun. sward
rianna
noun. queen
Turindo masc. name; see Túrin (TUR)